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Methodologies for intra-sentential code-switching research
Edited by Amaia Munarriz-Ibarrola, M. Carmen Parafita Couto and Emma Vanden Wyngaerd
[Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 8:1] 2018
► pp. 98–133

Experimental contributions of eye-tracking to the understanding of comprehension processes while hearing and reading code-switches

| Department of Spanish and Portuguese Studies, University of Florida
| Department of Hispanic Studies, Graduate Program of Linguistics, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras
| Department of Spanish, Italian and Portuguese, Penn State University | Center for Language Science, Penn State University

Researchers who study code-switching using lab-based approaches face a series of methodological challenges; these include, but are not limited to, using adequate techniques and tasks that allow for processing that reflects real-language usage and selecting stimuli that reflect the participants’ code-switching community norms. We present two illustrative eye-tracking studies that consider these challenges. Study 1 tests whether experience with code-switching leads to differential processing of Spanish determiner-English noun code-switches (e.g., una cookie ‘a cookie’). Study 2 examines auxiliary-verb code-switches involving the progressive structure (e.g., están cooking ‘are cooking’) and perfect structure (e.g., han cooked ‘have cooked’) while participants read either for comprehension or provide grammaticality judgments. The results of both studies highlight the advantages that eye-tracking provides when its use is accompanied by an appropriate bilingual sample, by stimuli that reflect actual bilingual language use, and by secondary tasks that do not invoke metalinguistic processes.

Keywords: code-switching, sentence processing, eye-tracking methodology
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Methodological challenges in the study of the comprehension of code-switched language
    • 1.2Eye-tracking as an implicit and ecological measure of comprehension
  • 2.Illustrative studies
    • 2.1Study 1: Auditory comprehension of code-switched speech
      • 2.1.1Participants
      • 2.1.2Materials and design
      • 2.1.3Procedure
      • 2.1.4Results
        • 2.1.4.1Early time window
        • 2.1.4.2Mid time windows
        • 2.1.4.3Late time window
    • 2.2Study 2: Reading comprehension of code-switched text
      • 2.2.1Participants
      • 2.2.2Materials and design
      • 2.2.3Procedure
      • 2.2.4Results
        • 2.2.4.1Omnibus analysis
        • 2.2.4.2Comprehension task
        • 2.2.4.3Grammaticality judgment task
  • 3.General discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 17 May 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.16011.val
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