Article published in:
Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining BrainEdited by Christos Pliatsikas, Ana Inés Ansaldo and Toms Voits
[Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 11:4] 2021
► pp. 551–577
Multiple sclerosis and bilingualism
Some initial findings
Fraibet Aveledo | Faculty of Arts Humanities and Social Science, University of Reading
Yolanda Higueras | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Gregorio Marañón
Theodoros Marinis | University of Konstanz
Arpita Bose | School of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading
Christos Pliatsikas | School of Psychology and Clinical Language Science, University of Reading | Facultad de Lenguas y Educación Universidad Nebrija
Ariana Meldaña-Rivera | Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Gregorio Marañón
María Luisa Martínez-Ginés | Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón
José Manuel García-Domínguez | Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón
Alberto Lozano-Ros | Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón
Juan Pablo Cuello | Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón
Haydee Goicochea-Briceño | Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón
It has been suggested that bilingualism is beneficial for executive control and could have positive long-term effects by
delaying the onset of symptoms of degenerative diseases. This research investigates, for the first time, the impact of bilingualism on
executive control (monitoring and inhibitory control) in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a neurodegenerative disease which
commonly causes deficiencies in the cognitive system. Bilingual and monolingual adults, with and without an MS diagnosis, performed a
flanker task with two degrees of monitoring demands (high monitoring vs. low monitoring). Results showed that bilingual MS patients had
inhibitory control and monitoring abilities that were similar to healthy bilingual controls. In contrast, monolingual MS patients showed
similar inhibitory control but significantly worse monitoring abilities compared to monolingual healthy controls. We propose that the
similar behaviour between bilingual groups suggests that bilingualism might counteract cognitive deficits related to MS, especially with
respect to monitoring. The high monitoring cost observed in monolingual patients seems related to underlying deficits in monitoring and
possibly switching, executive control abilities commonly impaired in MS patients from early stages. Our findings provide some preliminary
evidence for the cognitive reserve hypothesis in bilingual MS patients.
Keywords: atypical bilingualism, Multiple Sclerosis, flanker task, bilingual, monolingual
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.The present study
- 3.Methodology
- 3.1Participants
- 3.2The flanker task
- Monitoring load
- Monitoring cost
- Conflict effect
- 3.3Analysis
- 4.Results
- 4.1Monitoring load
- 4.2Monitoring cost
- 4.3Conflict effect (the inhibitory control)
- 5.Discussion
- Monitoring mechanism
- Inhibitory control
-
References
Published online: 16 January 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.18037.ave
https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.18037.ave
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Pliatsikas, Christos, Ana Inés Ansaldo & Toms Voits
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