Chapter 9
Common Language
Corpus, creativity and cognition
This chapter takes further debates concerning the nature of
literary language and the presence of literariness in a range of discourses
by exploring the extent to which everyday conversational discourse displays
literary properties. The author argues that studies of literary discourse,
and of the continuities between literary and non-literary discourse, have
tended to focus on written language or on representations of spoken
discourse in fictional or dramatic dialogues. This emphasis has made for
questionable connections between literature, literacy and the written
language because it assumes that spoken language is no more than a less
patterned version of written language. Using the Cambridge and Nottingham
Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE), the author shows how verbal
inventiveness is pervasive in ordinary talk. The chapter concludes that
common, everyday language is far from being either everyday or
common – on the contrary, it is pervasively “poetic”.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction: Writing and literary language?
- 2.CANCODE data
- 2.1Punning and playing
- 2.2Morphological inventiveness: New words for old
- 2.3Echoing and converging
- 2.4Pattern-reforming and pattern-reinforcing
- 2.5Summary
- 3.Literary language: A brief history of definitions
- 3.1Inherency models; deviation theory and self-referentiality
- 3.2Socio-cultural models
- 3.2.1Presentationality
- 3.2.2Preliminary conclusions
- 3.3Cognitive models
- 4.All language is literary language
- 4.1Pleasure and verbal play: Risks and rewards
- 4.2More CANCODE data
- 5.Developing a socio-psychological aesthetics
- 6.Questions for research: Linguistic and literary theory
-
Acknowledgements
-
Note
-
References
References (35)
References
Bauman, R. 1977. Verbal Art as Performance. Boston MA: Newbury House.
Bauman, R. 1986. Story, Performance and Event: Contextual Studies of Oral
Narrative. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Berlyne, D. 1971. Aesthetics and Psychobiology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Bever, T. G. 1986. The aesthetic basis for cognitive
structures. In The Representation of Knowledge and Belief, M. Brand & R. Harnish (eds), 314–356. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
Bhaya, R., Carter, R. A. & Toolan, M. 1988. Clines of metaphoricity and situated risk
taking. Journal of Literary Semantics 17(2): 81–93.
Boxer, D. & Cortes-Conde, F. 1997. From bonding to biting: Conversational joking and
identity display. Journal of Pragmatics 27: 275–294.
Carter, R. A. 1997. Investigating English Discourse: Language, Literacy,
Literature. London: Routledge.
1995a. Grammar and the spoken language. Applied Linguistics 16(2): 141–158.
Carter, R. A. & McCarthy, M. 1995b. Discourse
and creativity: Bridging the gap between language and
literature. In Principle
and Practice in Applied Linguistics, G. Cook & B. Seidlhofer (eds), 303–323. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carter, R. A. & McCarthy, M. 1997a. Grammar, tails and affect: Constructing expressive
choices in discourse. Text 17(3): 205–229.
Carter, R. A. & McCarthy, M. 1997b. Exploring Spoken English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Carter, R. A. & Nash, W. 1990. Seeing Through Language: Styles of English Writing. Oxford: Blackwell.
Cook, G. 1994. Discourse and Literature: The Interplay of Form and
Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cook, G. 1995. Genes, memes, rhymes: Conscious poetic deviation in
linguistic, psychological and evolutionary theory. Language and Communication 15(4): 375–391.
Cook, G. 1996. Language play in English. In Using English: From Conversation to Canon, J. Maybin & N. Mercer (eds), 198–234. London: Routledge.
Eagleton, T. 1983. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
Gibbs, R. W. 1994. The Poetics of Mind: Figurative Thought, Language and
Understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Herrnstein-Smith, B. 1988. Contingencies of Value: Alternative Perspectives for Critical
Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Jakobson, R. 1960. Linguistics and poetics. In Style in Language, T. Sebeok (ed.), 350–377. Cambridge MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.
Johnson, M. 1987. The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Reason and the
Imagination. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago IL: Chicago University Press.
Lakoff, G. & Turner, M. 1989. More Than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. Chicago IL: Chicago University Press.
Lecercle, J. J. 1990. The Violence of Language. London: Routledge.
McCarthy, M. 1998. Spoken Language and Applied Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McCarthy, M. & Carter, R. 1994. Language as Discourse: Perspectives for Language
Teaching. London: Longman.
McCarthy, M. & Carter, R. 1995. Spoken grammar: What is it and how do we teach
it?’. ELT Journal 49(3): 207–218.
Nash, W. 1985. The Language of Humour. London/New York: Longman.
Nash, W. 1986. Sound and the pattern of poetic meaning. In Linguistics and the Study of Literature, T. D’Haen (ed.), 128–151. Dutch Quarterly Review, Studies in Literature 1. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Ohmann, R. 1971. Speech acts and the definition of
literature. Philosophy and Rhetoric 4: 1–19.
Petterson, A. 1990. A Theory of Literary Discourse in Aesthetics 2. Lund: Lund University Press.
Pratt, M. L. 1977. Towards a Speech Act Theory of Literary Discourse. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Sweetser, E. 1990. From Etymology to Pragmatics: The Mind–Body Metaphor in Semantic
Structure and Semantic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tambling, J. 1988. What Is Literary Language? Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
Toolan, M. 1996. Total Speech: An Integrational Approach to Language. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Turner, M. 1991. Reading Minds: The Study of English in the Age of Cognitive
Science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
Statham, Simon
2020.
The year’s work in stylistics 2019.
Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 29:4
► pp. 454 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 21 october 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.