Chapter 10
Derivation in Finnish child speech and child-directed speech
This chapter examines the early phases of the
acquisition of Finnish derivational morphology: what kind of derivational
types are used in early child speech and child-directed speech? Which types
emerge first and why these types? The analysis is based on recorded and
transcribed material of two Finnish-speaking children and their caregivers.
In addition, some diary data are used to illustrate the emergence of
innovative derived words and the productivity of different derivational
types. The study shows the importance of productivity and frequency to the
emergence of Finnish derivational types can best be observed in verbs and
adjectives: the derivational types which are most frequently used and
productive in Finnish emerge early and are frequently used in child
speech.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Data and method
- 3.The acquisition of derivational categories in Finnish
- 3.1Derivational categories of nouns
- 3.1.1Agent nouns
- 3.1.2Instrument nouns
- 3.1.3Derived nouns expressing the result or the action/process
- 3.1.4Nouns derived with -e from verbs and adjectives
- 3.1.5Deverbal nouns formed with -s/-kse-
- 3.1.6-lA attached typically to noun stems to express location
- 3.1.7Deverbal -minen/-mis(e)-
- 3.2Derivational categories of verbs
- 3.2.1Verbs derived with the derivative morpheme -TTA
- 3.2.2Reflexive-passive verbs derived with -U, -UTU etc
- 3.2.3Verbs derived with the derivative morpheme -ELE
- 3.2.4Momentaneous verbs formed with -AhtA and -Aise
- 3.2.5Conversion
- 3.3Derivational categories of adjectives
- 3.3.1-inen/-is(e)-
- 3.3.2-vA
- 3.3.3-kAs and -isA
- 4.Derivational morphology acquired at later stages
- 5.Word-class changing vs. maintaining derivations
- 6.Conclusion
- 6.1Research question 1: Which derivational patterns emerge and are acquired
first?
- 6.2Research question 2: What does the early emergence depend on?
- 6.3Research question 3: What is the relation between derivation, compounding and
inflection in terms of emergence and productivity?
- 6.4Summing up
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Notes
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References