Benefactive and malefactive constructions in Taiwan Southern Min
This paper aims to investigate both
Fagerli’s (2001) proposal that in serializing languages benefactive and malefactive constructions often involve the morpheme denoting ‘give’, and
Radetzky & Smith’s (2010) proposal that East and South Asian languages often involve different morphemes or structures in expressing benefaction or malefaction. Checking the proposals against benefactive and malefactive constructions in Taiwan Southern Min (TSM) which involve optional benefactee and malefactee, this paper shows that both proposals find only partial support from TSM data. TSM uses the morpheme denoting ‘give’, i.e.
hoo, in the malefactive construction involving optional malefactee, but not the benefactive construction involving optional benefactee, which involves the use of
ka. Moreover,
ka can also be used for introducing the malefactive. Even though the
hoo malefactive construction and the
ka benefactive construction have different structures, the constructions involving
ka, no matter whether denoting benefaction or malefaction, have the same syntactic structure.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Literature review
- 2.1Semantics of benefactive/malefactive
- 2.1.1Types of benefactive
- 2.1.2Types of malefactive
- 2.2Benefactive/malefactive morphemes/constructions
- 2.2.1Languages of Europe
- 2.2.2Languages of Asia
- 2.3On hoo
- 2.4On ka
- 3.Benefactive constructions in Taiwan Southern Min
- 4.Malefactive constructions in Taiwan Southern Min
- 5.The proposal
- 5.1Malefactive
- 5.1.1Malefactive ka-construction
- 5.1.2Malefactive hoo-construction
- 5.2Benefactive ka-construction
- 6.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- Abbreviations
-
References
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