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Article published In:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 19:3 (2018) ► pp.473–499

從幾種語法現象透視晉語對元白話的繼承和發展 (Research into the inheritance and development of Jin dialects on vernacular in Yuan Dynasty from several grammatical phenomena)

| South China Normal University Shaanxi Normal University

本文通過三種語法現象來觀察晉語對元白話語法的繼承和發展。1.「來」表商請語氣：古代漢語、近代漢語中「來」表商請語氣的主要句式為「VP+去+來」，部分晉語繼承了元白話的用法，並發展了「咱每+VP+來」格式。2.「V/A+得來+補語」結構與提頓詞「來」：元白話用「V/A+得來+補語」結構表達動作的結果和性狀達到極高的程度，晉語不僅保留了這種格式，還同吳語一樣發展出了「V/A+得來」的隱含式。晉語之所以能夠發展出「V/A+得來+補語」結構，其更大的背景是「來」大量充當提頓詞的用法。3.「V將來/去」結構：晉語的特點是趨向動詞只有「來、去」，甚或只有「來」，沒有「V+將+複合趨向補語」，保留了元代乃至五代時期的特點。4. 其他語法特點：用表格形式臚列了 9 條晉語與元白話可能存在繼承關係的語法現象，同 《原本老乞大》 進行簡單對比。

Keywords: 語法, 晉語, 元白話, 繼承, 發展
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.表商請的祈使語氣詞「來」
    • 2.1現代晉語的用法
    • 2.2歷時演變的狀況
    • 2.3「來」表商請語氣的發展
  • 3.「V/A+得來+補語」結構與提頓詞「來」
    • 3.1現代晉語的用法
    • 3.2「V/A+得來+補語」結構的傳承與「來」作提頓詞
  • 4.「V將來/去」結構
    • 4.1現代晉語的用法
    • 4.2晉語的用法對元白話的繼承與發展
    • 4.3對兩種特殊現象的解釋
  • 5.其他語法特點
  • 6.餘論
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Article language: Chinese

Published online: 4 July 2018
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00017.xin
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