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Article published In:
The interface of semantics & etymology, morpho-syntax, and pragmatics in Chinese
Edited by Jeeyoung Peck
[Language and Linguistics 20:2] 2019
► pp. 131–147

韓漢同源說的問題與韓漢語言關係

| Hanyang University

有些韓語固有詞與對應的上古漢語詞類似。譬如， 表示「風」的韓語固有詞param和「風」字的漢語上古音*prəm類似。一些學者認爲這些韓漢類似詞一定是從同一詞源發展而來，提出韓漢同源說，主張韓語和漢語屬於同一語系。本文將從微觀和宏觀的視角探討該學說是否妥當，並指出韓漢同源說存在的一些問題。本文還將根據陳保亞(1996)的理論，考察了韓漢類似詞在Swadesh (1952; 1955)的100核心詞（第一階詞）和200核心詞減除100核心詞（第二階詞）裏出現的數量。發現第一階核心詞目錄裏主要有「吾、汝、人、男、葉、眼、牙、街、白」等9個韓漢類似詞，第二階核心詞目錄裏也有「日（天）、其、腿、老、江、聞、轉、洗、風」等9個類似詞。韓漢類似詞的數量在第一階詞目錄和第二階詞目錄裏幾乎完全相同，分佈曲線趨向平直。陳保亞認為少數類似詞分佈曲線不上不下，走向平直就表明兩種語言為接觸關係。因此本文將論證韓語和漢語不是親屬關係而是接觸關係。

Keywords: 同源詞, 借詞, 固有韓語, 上古漢語, 語系, 核心詞
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.韓漢同源說
  • 3.微觀問題
    • 3.1詞義、語音對應度不高
    • 3.2隨意調整上古擬音
    • 3.3基本詞彙和動詞借詞的問題
  • 4.宏觀問題
  • 5.根據核心詞的比較判定韓漢語言關係
  • 6.結論
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
  • Further readings
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.

Article language: Chinese

Published online: 5 April 2019
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00036.eom
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Further readings

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