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Article published In:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 23:3 (2022) ► pp.411–450

粵東閩語揭陽方言「著[tioʔ5]」的多功能性及其語法化

兼論粵東閩客接觸現象

| Sun Yat-sen University
| Hanshan Normal University

粵東閩語揭陽方言的「著[tioʔ5]」具有多種功能，可以做動詞、情態動詞、動相補語（唯補詞）、準結果補語標記、主觀大量標記和主觀小量標記。本文詳細描寫「著」的各種功能，並構擬其語法化路徑。另外，「著」的多功能模式有向周邊客家方言輻射的趨勢，表現為「同源的複製」和「不同源的複製」。本文通過對多個方言點的調查和比較，推測「半山客」方言中「著」的情態動詞用法和「到/倒」的主觀小量標記用法可能是由於與潮汕方言的接觸而產生的。

Keywords: 粵東閩語揭陽方言, 「著」, 語法化, 半山客, 語言接觸
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.揭陽方言「著」的多功能性
    • 2.1動詞「著1」
      • A.表示「燃燒」。
      • B.表示「受、中」。
      • C.表示「觸碰」。
    • 2.2靜態動詞「著2」
    • 2.3情態動詞3
      • A.道義情態(deontic modality)動詞，表示情理上、事實上或意志上的需要、應該、必須。表示否定時用「免」，不能用「唔著」。
      • B.認識情態(epistemic modality)動詞，表示估計必然如此。沒有否定式。
    • 2.4動相補語4
    • 2.5準結果補語標記5
    • 2.6主觀大量標記「著6」和主觀小量標記「著7」
  • 3.「著」的語法化
    • 3.1「受、中」義動詞>靜態動詞
    • 3.2「受、中」義動詞>情態動詞
    • 3.3「碰觸」義動詞>動相補語>準結果補語標記
      • 3.3.1「碰觸」義動詞>動相補語
      • 3.3.2動相補語>準結果補語標記
    • 3.4動相補語>主觀大量標記
    • 3.5動相補語>主觀小量標記
  • 4.粵東閩客接觸——「著」多功能模式的輻射
    • 4.1同源的複製
    • 4.2不同源的複製
  • 5.結語
  • 謝辭
  • 笔记
  • 參考文獻
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Published online: 13 July 2022
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00111.hua
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