Cover not available
Article published In:
Language and Linguistics
Vol. 24:3 (2023) ► pp.437–468

廈門閩南語的文、白形式在構詞層面上的分工與競爭

| The Chinese University of Hong Kong
閩南語的「文白異讀」很大程度上是透過構詞層面體現出來的。根據筆者對廈門閩南語的調查，至少有兩個因素能決定構詞時到底採用的是白讀形式，還是文讀形式，即「語體因素」和「語義因素」。只要這兩個因素不衝突，白讀形式和文讀形式便會形成分工，各司其職；但當兩個因素發生衝突時，文、白形式便會發生競爭，牽涉的複合詞也會因而出現變體。本文的分析也適用於其他閩南語。
Keywords: 廈門閩南語, 文白異讀, 構詞層次, 分工, 競爭
Article outline
  • 1.研究背景與方法
  • 2.閩語字音層次的累積與複合詞的形成
  • 3.影響複合詞選擇文、白形式的因素（一）：語體因素
    • 3.1事例一：「飛」
    • 3.2事例二：「毛」
    • 3.3事例三：「天」
    • 3.4事例四：「月」
    • 3.5事例五：「正」
    • 3.6事例六：「讀」
    • 3.7事例七：「用」
    • 3.8事例八：「懸」~「高」
    • 3.9小結
  • 4.影響複合詞選擇文、白形式的因素（二）：語義因素
    • 4.1事例一：「白」
    • 4.2事例二：「果」
    • 4.3事例三：「管」
    • 4.4事例四：「經」
    • 4.5事例五：「安」
    • 4.6事例六：「末」
    • 4.7事例七：「邊」
    • 4.8事例八：「流」
    • 4.9事例九：「生」
    • 4.10事例十：「節」
    • 4.11事例十一：「指」
    • 4.12事例十二：「方」
    • 4.13小結
  • 5.文、白形式在構詞層面上的互動
    • 5.1分工
    • 5.2競爭
    • 5.3對陶寰、史濛輝 (2016) 學說的述評
    • 5.4小結
  • 6.總結及討論
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at [email protected].

Published online: 10 July 2023
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00136.kwo
References (35)
參考文獻
Bauer, Robert & Benedict, Paul (eds.). 1997. Modern Cantonese phonology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Baxter, William H. & Sagart, Laurent. 2014. Old Chinese: A new reconstruction. New York: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chappell, Hilary. 2001. Language contact and areal diffusion in Sinitic languages. In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. & Dixon, R. M. W. (eds.), Areal diffusion and genetic inheritance: Problems in comparative linguistics, 328–357. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Chen, Li-hsueh (陳麗雪). 2002. On co-compositional morphemes in Taiwanese Southern Min 台灣閩南語的聯義詞分析. Bulletin of the Department of Chinese Literature 臺大中文學報 161. 229–249.Google Scholar
Cheng, Robert L. 1997a. Borrowing and internal development in lexical change: A comparison of Taiwanese words and their Mandarin equivalents. In Cheng, Robert L. (鄭良偉) (ed.), Taiwanese and Mandarin structures and their developmental trends in Taiwan II: Contacts between Taiwanese and Mandarin and restructuring of their synonyms 台語、華語的結構及動向II：台、華語的接觸與同義語的互動, 83–104. Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Cheng, Robert L. (鄭良偉). 1997b. Taiyu yanbian dongli zhijian de hudong 台語演變動力之間的互動. In Robert L. Cheng (鄭良偉) (ed.), Taiwanese and Mandarin structures and their developmental trends in Taiwan II: Contacts between Taiwanese and Mandarin and restructuring of their synonyms 台語、華語的結構及動向II：台、華語的接觸與同義語的互動, 185–199. Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Douglas, Carstairs (ed.). 1873. Chinese-English dictionary of the vernacular or spoken language of Amoy: With the principal variations of the Chang-chew and Chin-chew dialects. London: Trübner & Co.Google Scholar
Feng, Shengli (馮勝利). 2013. Bainianlai Hanyu zhengshi yuti de miewang yu zaisheng 百年來漢語正式語體的滅亡與再生. In Feng, Shengli (ed.), Written Chinese the present and the past 漢語書面語的歷史與現狀, 1–17. Beijing: Peking University Press.Google Scholar
Kin, Bunkyo (金文京). 2022. Hanwen yu Dongya shijie: cong Dongya shijue chongxin renshi Hanzi wenhuaquan 漢文與東亞世界：從東亞視角重新認識漢字文化圈. New Taipei: Acropolis. (Translated by Kin, Bunkyo (金文京).)Google Scholar
Klöter, Henning. 2005. Written Taiwanese. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.Google Scholar
Kōzen, Hiroshi (興膳宏). 2005. Suowei ‘Liuchao shidai’ 所謂「六朝時代」. In Kōzen, Hiroshi (興膳宏) (ed.), Zhongguo gudian wenhua jingzhi 中國古典文化景緻, 38–44. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. (Translated by Li, Yinsheng (李寅生).)Google Scholar
Kwok, Bit-Chee. 2018a. Southern Mĭn: Comparative phonology and subgrouping. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Kwok, Bit-Chee (郭必之). 2018b. The interfaces between Chinese characters, literary readings and morphological strata: The cases of Xiàmén Mǐn and Shàntóu Mǐn 漢字、文讀與構詞層次――廈門話和汕頭話比較的啟示. Chinese Studies 漢學研究 36(3). 235–258.Google Scholar
Lau, Chunfat (劉鎮發). 2001. Yue Ke fangyan wenbai yidu de bijiao 粵客方言文白異讀的比較. In Chunfat Lau (劉鎮發) (ed.), Xianggang Yue Ke fangyan bijiao yanjiu 香港粵客方言比較研究, 134–147. Guangzhou: The Ji’nan University Press.Google Scholar
Li, Rong (李榮) & Zhou, Changji (周長楫) (eds.). 1998. Xiamen fangyan cidian 廈門方言詞典. 2nd edn. Nanjing: Jiangsu Education Publishing House.Google Scholar
Li, Xinkui (李新魁等) et al. 1995. Guangzhou fangyan yanjiu 廣州方言研究. Guangzhou: Guangdong People’s Publishing House.Google Scholar
Lien, Chinfa (連金發). 1999. Fangyan bianti, yuyan jiechu, cihui yinyun hudong 方言變體、語言接觸、詞匯音韻互動. In Shi, Feng (石鋒) & Pan, Wuyun (潘悟雲) (eds.), Recent advances in Chinese linguistics: A Festschrift in Honor of Professor William S.-Y. Wang on His 65th Birthday 中國語言學的新拓展：慶祝王士元教授六十五華誕, 149–178. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.Google Scholar
. 2000. Exploring morphological issues 構詞學問題探索. Chinese Studies 漢學研究 18 (3). 61–78.Google Scholar
Lien, Chinfa. 2001. Competing morphological change in Taiwanese Southern Min. In Chappell, Hilary (ed.), Sinitic grammar: Synchronic and diachronic perspectives, 309–339. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Norman, Jerry. 1979. Chronological strata in the Min dialects. Fangyan 方言 1979(4). 268–274.Google Scholar
. 1991. Min dialects in historical perspective. In Wang, William S.-Y. (ed.), Languages and dialects of China (Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series 3), 325–360. Berkeley: Journal of Chinese Linguistics.Google Scholar
Norman, Jerry (羅杰瑞). 2007. Fieldwork of Chinese dialects and Chinese historical phonology 漢語方言田野調查與音韻學. Journal of Peking University (Philosophy and Social Sciences) 北京大學學報（哲學社會科學版） 44(2). 91–94.Google Scholar
Peking University, Department of Chinese (北京大學中文系) (ed.). 2003. Hanyu fangyin zihui (di’er ban chongpai ben) 漢語方音字彙（第二版重排本）. Beijing: Language and Culture Press.Google Scholar
Tao, Huan (陶寰) & Menghui Shi (史濛輝). 2016. The transparency principle in dialect contact 危險的跳躍：語碼轉化和語素透明度. Yuyan Yanjiu Jikan 語言研究集刊 17(2). 135–150.Google Scholar
Ting, Pang-Hsin. 1983. Derivation time of colloquial Min from Archaic Chinese. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology 54(4). 1–14.Google Scholar
Ting, Pang-Hsin (丁邦新). 1992. Hanyu fangyan shi he fangyan quyu shi de yanjiu 漢語方言史和方言區域史的研究. In Editorial Committee of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica (ed.), Chinese Languages and Linguistics Volume I: Chinese Dialects 中國境內語言暨語言學（一）：漢語方言, 23–39. Taipei: Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica.Google Scholar
Wang, Hongjun (王洪君). 2007[1986]. Weibai yidu yu diezhishi yinbian――yi Shanxi Wenxi fangyan de wenbai yidu tanqi 文白異讀與疊置式音變――以山西聞喜方言的文白異讀談起. In Ting, Pang-Hsin (丁邦新) (ed.), Chinese dialects and historical strata 歷史層次與方言研究, 36–80. Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Publishing House.Google Scholar
Wu, Ruiwen (吳瑞文). 2002. Chronological strata of Qieyun grade IV finals in Min 論閩方言四等韻的三個層次. Language and Linguistics 3(1). 133–162.Google Scholar
Yang, Hsiu-Fang (楊秀芳). 1982. Minnanyu Wenbaixitong de yanjiu 閩南語文白系統的研究. Taipei: National Taiwan University. (Doctoral dissertation.)
. 1991. Taiwan Minnanyu yufa gao 台灣閩南語語法稿. Taipei: Da’an Chubanshe.Google Scholar
. 1993. Lun wenbai yidu 論文白異讀. In Editorial Committee of (ed.), Wang Shumin xiansheng bashi shouqing lunwenji 王叔岷先生八十壽慶論文集, 823–849. Taipei: Da’an Chubanshe.Google Scholar
Zeng, Nanyi (曾南逸). 2014. Three patterns of the extinction of the literal and colloquial pronunciation: A case study of Sucuo dialect 文白異讀消亡的三種可能模式――以晉江安海蘇厝方言正在發生的演變為例. Yuyan Yanjiu Jikan 語言研究集刊 13(2). 228–236.Google Scholar
Zhong, Weiping (鍾蔚蘋). 2016. The interfaces between phonological and morphological strata in Southern Min dialects: A case study of Xiamen, Shantou and Haikou dialects 閩南語文白異讀與構詞的互動：以廈門、汕頭、海口三點為例. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong. (Doctoral dissertation.)
Zhou, Changji (周長楫) (ed). 2006. Minnan fangyan da cidian 閩南方言大詞典. Fuzhou: Fujian People’s Publishing House.Google Scholar
Zhou, Changji (周長楫) & Yiyun Ouyang (歐陽憶耘). 1998. Xiamen fangyan yanjiu 廈門方言研究. Fuzhou: Fujian People’s Publishing House.Google Scholar