Der Name der Insel Thule
In the 330s or 320s BC, the Greek explorer Pytheas of
Massalia undertook a pioneering voyage to northern Europe. In his report
Περὶ τοῦ ὠκεανοῦ (‘On the ocean’), which has come down to us only as a few
excerpts quoted by later authors, Pytheas mentions the island Θούλη, which
is situated in the far north, six days’ sail from Britain. There is
uncertainty as to the location of this island: the Faroe Islands, Iceland,
or perhaps somewhere in Norway. Much effort has been spent on explaining
Θούλη as a Germanic toponym but none of the proposals is conclusive. It
might well be an exonym of Greek origin coined by Pytheas himself. A sound
etymology in phonological, morphological and semantic respects can be
presented: Θούλη = *thū́lē seems to reflect the
substantivized feminine form of the adjective PIE
*dhuh2ló- ‘smoky, steamy,
misty, foggy’ (: PIE *dhṷeh2-,
*dhuh2- ‘produce smoke,
steam’) which, following the derivational pattern -o- →
-i-, is the base for the noun
*dhuh2li- f. > OI
dhūli-, dhūlī ‘dust, powder’, cp. Lith.
dū́lis m., dū́lė f. ‘smoke, mist, fog’
etc. The name Θούλη meaning ‘the misty, foggy one’ would have
correspondences in, for example, Fog Islands (British
Columbia, Canada) and Eilean a’ Cheò ‘island of mist’ (cp.
OIr. ceó m./f. ‘mist’), the Gaelic name of the Isle of
Skye.
Article outline
- 1.Thule in den Quellen
- 2.Der Name Thule
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Notes
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Abkürzungen
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Literatur
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Horst Roseman → Roseman
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Article language: German