Index
A
- accommodation
12, 66–67, 211–212
- activation states
22, 124
;
see also active
32, 48, 69, 77–78, 111, 125, 144, 162, 165–167, 176, 194
- advertising
2, 39, 41–42, 45, 147, 161, 163, 167, 196
-
anche
20, 45, 87, 108–109, 126, 132, 140, 203
- annotation
88, 161–162, 167, 195
- assertion
23–24, 28–29, 34, 56, 61, 66, 74–78, 81–86, 88–92, 94–95, 100, 103–104, 106, 112, 119, 122, 138, 145, 159, 204, 216
;
see also assertive
2, 29, 43, 61–62, 66, 74, 76–79, 84, 88, 90, 92, 94, 101, 103, 107, 110, 113, 118, 135–137, 144, 158, 201, 204
- attack
8, 53, 55, 57–59, 82–84, 86–90, 92, 105, 110, 155–156, 158–159, 186
- attenuated direct evidentiality
79, 81
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
196, 209–210, 215, 219
B
- background
6, 8, 10–11, 13–15, 19, 24, 26, 37, 78, 101, 122, 125, 138, 143, 153, 157, 160
;
see also background knowledge
14–15, 26, 37, 78, 143, 157
- Bednarek
100, 105, 107, 114
- blasting
59–60, 105–106, 109–110, 113–114, 116–118, 205
-
bona fide
119, 155, 167, 198–201
- Brocca
55, 148, 152–153, 155–160, 212
C
- Chafe
9–10, 22–23, 28, 71–72, 91, 103, 125, 212
- Chafe & Nichols
71–72, 91
- challengeability
21, 82–86, 88, 92–93, 145, 204
- change of state verbs
12, 67, 155–156
- Clinton, Hillary
86–87, 166, 168, 190–191, 193, 215
- clitic-left dislocation22
- coefficients of implicitness164
- commitment
2, 20, 28–29, 36, 43, 66, 71–72, 74, 76–81, 83–84, 91–93, 100, 119, 138, 151, 165, 169, 204, 207, 217
- common ground
6, 11–13, 17, 19, 24, 42–43, 69, 75, 79, 104–105, 130–132, 134, 136–137, 143, 204, 207, 220
- communicative dynamism
33, 118, 129
- communicative effectiveness
105, 130, 144, 149, 154
- communicative goal
14, 19, 23, 41, 47, 101
- content challengeability
84–85
;
see also content commitment
28–29, 204
- content types
53, 55, 57–60, 71, 82–89, 92, 95, 104–105, 113–115, 117, 150, 205
- conversational maxims
17, 42
- COVID-19
36, 54–55, 151–152
- Critical Discourse Analysis
97, 117, 209, 214
- culture of implicitness
xv, 195, 197
- Cuzco Quechua
73, 76, 211
D
- deception
8, 11, 33, 100, 217
- defining relative clauses12
- direct evidentials
72, 74
- discourse commitment
28–29, 204
- discursive presuppositions15
E
- electroencephalography
61, 63
- epistemic theories24
see also epistemic vigilance
9, 220
- European languages
22, 72, 76
- evaluation
41, 48, 94–95, 104–105, 107–108, 112, 116, 134, 145, 158, 167, 205, 209, 213–214
- evaluative presuppositions
107, 111, 115–117
- event-related desynchronization66
- event-related synchronization
66–67
- evidential markers
73, 75
- evidentiality
xv, 71–81, 85, 88, 91–92, 94–95, 119, 204, 209–210, 212, 216–217, 221
see also narrow evidentiality72
- evolutionary
30, 33–34, 127, 214, 218
- experimental
xv, 2, 10, 19, 39, 42, 60–63, 68–69, 92, 133, 148, 158, 160, 165, 167, 197, 209, 211, 214, 217
;
see also experiments
14, 103, 148, 161
- explicitation
15, 131, 133–134, 139, 148, 154, 162–163, 193, 205
F
- factive predicates
12, 138
- focalization
127, 210
;
see also focus
2, 5, 10, 21–24, 28, 33–34, 41–42, 48, 62–63, 67–68, 78, 81, 94, 101, 103–104, 109, 124–125, 129, 134–135, 157, 164, 167, 180, 213, 216
- frequency coefficient
88, 94
G
- garden path
66, 103, 210, 216
- global implicitness
189–194
;
see also global implicitness index
189–190, 194
- good-enough processing
98, 118
H
- Hintz & Hintz
73, 75–76, 204
- holiday catalogues
198–199, 201
- Hunston & Thompson
99, 107–108
I
- illocutionary force
21, 23, 40, 43, 73, 77–78, 129, 145, 167
- impact
3, 7, 34–35, 68, 71, 104, 112–113, 118, 139, 148, 159, 163–164, 167–168, 189–193, 208–209, 215, 217
- IMPAQTS
xv, 26, 52, 148, 161, 163, 194–195, 198, 205
- implicature
2, 5, 10, 13, 15, 18, 20–21, 31–32, 34, 42, 50–53, 56–58, 67, 71, 74, 78–81, 93, 130, 132, 134–135, 143, 146, 148, 152, 154–157, 159, 162, 164, 166–168, 195, 200–201, 204, 207, 211, 213, 217, 220
see also conversational implicatures
152, 164, 220
- conventional implicatures
18, 146, 148, 157, 164, 166
- generalized implicatures164
- particularized implicatures18
- generalized scalar implicatures
18, 166
- implicit
XV–XVI, 2–3, 5–7, 9–10, 15, 27, 30–31, 33–36, 39, 43, 45, 47, 52–53, 55, 57–58, 60, 63, 68–69, 71–72, 81–82, 89, 92, 121–122, 124, 130–133, 139, 143–150, 152–155, 157–168, 175, 189–190, 193–201, 203–207, 211–212, 215, 217–218
;
see also implicit communication
XV–XVI, 2–3, 5–7, 10, 15, 27, 30–31, 34–35, 39, 45, 52, 57, 60, 63, 71–72, 82, 121, 124, 143, 146, 148–149, 153, 155, 157, 159–163, 165, 189, 193–198, 200–201, 203–207, 212, 218
- implicit content
132, 143–144, 148, 153–155, 162–163, 189, 194, 197, 217
;
see also implicit strategies
33, 57–58, 60, 68–69, 81, 152, 154, 158, 162–163, 167–168, 189–190, 193–194, 196, 198–201, 207, 212
- implicitness
xv, 5, 18, 31, 45, 72, 146, 154, 158, 164–168, 189–195, 197–198, 200–201, 204, 215, 217
- implicitness of content
164–165, 200
- implicitness of responsibility
164–165, 189, 200
- indirect evidential
75–76, 78
- indirect speech
2, 5, 20, 43, 210, 216, 218
- individual knowledge
76, 78
- inference
15, 17–18, 20, 36, 67, 77
;
see also inferential evidentials73
- information structure
10, 21, 23, 28–29, 41, 60–61, 67, 73, 78, 91, 94–95, 118, 124–125, 130, 138, 211–213, 215–217, 219
;
see also information units
62, 94, 118, 125
- informative
14, 20, 55, 79, 93, 101, 104–105, 114, 117–118, 128, 143, 145, 150, 155–156, 158, 200
- intentional meaning
19, 42–43, 79, 81, 111–113, 130–131, 135, 143, 165, 167, 203
- irony
110–112, 117, 172, 210, 214, 218, 221
- Italian press
98, 104, 113, 117
J
- Johnson, Boris
55, 150, 152
- journalism
97, 198–200, 211, 220
L
- Langford & Holmes
61, 103
- Le Pen, Marine
48, 50, 86–87, 92–93, 166–167
- length
78, 87, 159, 189–193, 199
- Lombardi Vallauri
XV–XVI, 2, 10, 12, 21, 30, 32, 39, 97, 118, 164, 167–168, 193, 198–199, 203, 211, 215–217, 219
M
- Macron, Emmanuel
150, 152
- manipulation
xv, 1–2, 5, 7–9, 15, 30–31, 33, 35–37, 71, 97, 99–100, 121, 124–125, 140, 143, 146, 148, 161, 203, 206–208, 211–212, 214, 218, 220
- manipulation-enhancing143
- manipulative communication
10, 29, 39, 148, 206
;
see also manipulative intentions31
- Masia
2, 12, 22, 24, 30, 32–33, 35, 39, 43, 60, 66, 76, 82, 97–98, 105, 119–120, 164, 167–168, 193, 198–199, 203, 210–212, 215–217
- Maxim of Relation
16, 32, 40, 42–43, 47, 51, 80, 132–133, 152
- measurement system
167–168
- media
54, 57, 60, 97, 105, 149–150, 152–153, 160, 167, 172, 184, 209–210, 216
;
see also media literacy
160, 210
- mental model
37, 41, 94, 98, 110–111, 123, 129, 145, 153
- micropragmatic
21, 130, 216
- mutual knowledge
76, 78, 213
N
- neurolinguistic
2, 60, 63
- neuromarketing
205, 218, 221
- neuropragmatics
60, 209, 213
- neutral
9, 30, 55, 82–90, 92, 94, 105–106, 108, 113–117, 155, 198
- news discourse
95, 97, 99–100, 104–105, 110, 117, 205, 209
;
see also news journalism199
- Noveck
62, 67, 217
;
see also Noveck & Posada67
O
- Obama, Barack
9, 47–48, 54, 80, 86–87, 93, 134, 143, 168, 178, 190, 192–193
- opinion
7, 9, 35, 37, 53, 55, 57–59, 84–85, 92, 105, 117, 119, 135, 152, 155–156, 158–159, 172
- OPPP! website
161, 193–195
P
- packaging
5, 9, 23–24, 28–29, 32–33, 58–59, 62, 66, 69, 74, 77–78, 83–86, 88, 91–94, 100, 103–105, 112, 114–117, 119, 124, 135–136, 165, 167, 219
;
see also packaging challengeability
84–85
- persuasion
7, 35–37, 71, 208, 212
;
see also persuasiveness
- pilot study
153, 195, 197, 205, 211, 215
- political communication
82, 94, 113, 161, 212
;
see also political discourse
xv, 2–3, 26, 28, 39, 45, 71, 82–83, 91, 95, 104, 108, 119, 121, 131, 147, 149, 155, 157, 161–163, 194, 201, 216, 220
- political journalism
198–200
- political speeches
3, 26, 45, 53, 57, 60, 95, 97, 104, 132, 148, 161–162, 167, 193–194, 198–199, 204–205
- Politzer-Ahles & Gwilliams67
- praise
53, 55, 57, 59, 82–83, 86–89, 92–93, 155–156, 158–159, 198, 211
- presumptive meanings
xv, 19, 39, 71
- presupposition
2, 5, 10–15, 19–20, 24, 28, 31–34, 40, 43, 45, 48, 58, 61–62, 66, 68–69, 71, 75–78, 81–95, 98–101, 104–106, 108–110, 112–119, 124, 135, 137–138, 145–146, 148, 152–159, 161–162, 164–168, 190, 193, 195, 200–201, 204–205, 207, 209–216, 219–220
see also new presuppositions
66, 68, 104, 113–114, 119
see also pragmatic presuppositions
13, 164, 220
- presupposition triggers
66, 106, 138, 146, 153, 158, 161
- Principle of Cooperation
16, 74
R
- readability
125, 159, 162
- relevance
15–16, 32, 36, 43, 57, 103, 114, 131, 135, 143, 147, 163, 165, 213, 218, 220
- Renzi, Matteo
57–59, 86–87, 140–141
- responsibility
36, 39–40, 42–44, 46, 79–80, 85, 91, 100, 111, 135, 138–141, 143, 145, 155, 164–167, 187, 189–193, 200, 203, 212
- Romance languages
22, 27, 155
S
- Salvini, Matteo
26, 45, 54, 57–59, 86–87, 106, 111–112, 132, 151–152, 194
- Saussure
15, 28, 30, 39, 71, 99–100, 211, 217–219
- Sbisà
xv, 2, 5, 10, 12–15, 19–21, 39, 68–69, 95, 98, 100–102, 104, 106, 110, 117–119, 148, 153–155, 162, 195–197
- Social Network Sites
53, 204
-
sourceness
71–72, 77, 79–80, 204, 207
- speaker’s commitment
20, 43, 76, 83–84, 165
- speech acts
8, 20, 28, 43, 74, 79, 130, 213, 218–219
- Sperber & Wilson
32, 43, 79, 130
- Stalnaker
6, 8, 11–13, 31, 195
- stance-taking
53, 60, 82–84, 86–90, 92, 94, 150, 152, 158
T
- territory
76, 79, 85, 91, 186, 214
- text comprehension
3, 101, 146
- text types
102, 132, 198, 200–201
- thematic
125–126, 195
;
see also theme
10, 21, 24, 169
- Theory of Mind
31, 196, 209, 212
- threats
2, 136, 160, 204, 207
- topic
xv, 2, 10, 21–24, 28, 31–34, 41–43, 45, 48, 62, 67–69, 75, 77–79, 81, 95, 104, 124–126, 135, 144, 146–148, 161, 164–168, 195, 204, 207, 210, 212, 215, 217, 221
see also topicalization
5, 10, 21, 39, 68–69, 71, 162, 200–201, 204
- translation
xv, 2, 20, 27, 46, 49, 51, 121–129, 131–147, 154, 205, 212–214, 218
- Trump, Donald
54, 84, 133, 135–137, 145, 150, 152, 180, 215
- tweets
3, 53–59, 82, 148–150, 152–153, 155–156, 158
;
see also Twitter
2, 53, 57–60, 82, 149, 152–153, 155, 197, 205, 210–213, 215–216
V
- vague expressions
xv, 68, 80, 139, 145, 163, 165, 198, 204–205, 217
;
see also vagueness
2, 5, 10, 24–26, 31, 33, 39, 43–45, 51, 62–63, 71, 78–81, 139, 141–142, 146, 148, 161–162, 164–165, 168, 195, 200–201, 204, 207, 214, 218–221
-
vagueness-as-ignorance hypothesis63