Index

• Abidin 2, 4, 16, 23, 28–29, 40, 45, 72, 74, 77–78, 80, 84, 96, 124, 129, 132, 145, 157, 172, 175, 178–179, 191, 193–194, 201, 203, 223, 228, 232–233, 244, 247, 250–251, 274, 277, 279, 281–282, 286, 295, 299

• affective 2–3, 5, 8, 13–16, 19, 39, 45, 49–51, 53–55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69–71, 73, 75, 77–79, 81–82, 90, 93, 100–101, 145–147, 206–211, 214–215, 218–223, 226, 229, 231–232, 238, 246, 254, 268, 279, 281, 284–287, 289–290, 292–295, 297–299, 301–304, 306, 307

• affectively 20, 214, 278–279, 282–284

• affordance(s) 3–6, 12, 21, 23–25, 33, 41, 46, 58, 71, 72, 80, 97, 126, 129, 135, 140, 146, 175, 185, 201, 204, 233, 256, 275–276

• algorithmic 5, 12, 15, 24, 41, 70–71, 253, 279

• amateur aesthetic 20, 24, 29, 32–33, 283, 286

• amateurism 9, 80, 274, 294, 298–299

• anti-fans 11, 14, 17, 48, 63, 73, 178–179, 196

• anti-story 139, 141–144

• appropriation 8–9, 148–149, 154–155, 158, 162, 164–165, 170, 246

• Arndt 106, 109, 111, 113, 124

• attention economy 2, 8, 12–13, 21, 98, 204–205, 211, 223, 225, 253, 276

• audience 7, 9–11, 13–15, 22–23, 45, 49–50, 53–55, 56, 58, 60, 63, 65, 69, 71, 76–78, 80–81, 84, 86, 92–94, 98, 101–105, 107, 116–117, 120, 122, 125, 128, 130–133, 134–135, 137, 140, 141, 143–144, 178, 187, 192, 193, 200, 202, 204, 206, 209–224, 226, 233, 238, 240–241, 243–245, 249, 256, 279–280, 282–284, 286–287, 289–292, 294–298, 300

• authentic 5, 8–11, 13, 20, 22–24, 28–29, 31, 33–34, 38–40, 42, 75–76, 79–80, 82, 85, 87–88, 92–95, 98, 101, 108, 119, 157, 200–201, 203–205, 209, 211, 214, 222–223, 229, 233, 236, 241, 243–246, 249, 274, 278, 280, 282–283, 290–293, 298

• authenticate 20, 211

• authenticity 5, 8–11, 13, 20, 22–24, 28–29, 31, 33–34, 38–40, 42, 75–76, 79–80, 82, 85, 87–88, 92–95, 98, 101, 108, 119, 157, 200–201, 203–205, 209, 211, 214, 222–223, 229, 233, 236, 241, 243–246, 249, 274, 278, 280, 282–283, 290–293, 298

• backstage 11, 79, 243, 246

• Bakhtin 44, 49, 59, 72–73, 134, 145, 298–299

• Baldwin 8, 148–150, 154, 158–159, 162, 164–165, 170

• Bamberg 28, 41, 251, 255, 260, 274, 284, 299

• beauty influencers 4, 104, 278–279, 282, 285

• Bednarek 203–204 214, 224, 280, 286–287, 300

• believability 28, 77, 84, 87

• Bhatia 201, 204, 224, 295, 300

• Bingley 74, 96, 194, 223, 247, 299

• blogger 15, 196, 233–234, 238, 247, 250, 275

• blogging 73, 178, 224, 276

• Blommaert 7, 13, 16, 21, 33, 39–41, 46, 72, 133–134, 145, 153, 172

• Bou-franch 103–104, 126, 134, 146, 173, 176–178, 181, 193, 195, 200, 224, 229, 246, 247, 249

• bousfield 16, 104, 126, 176–177, 181, 187, 189–190, 195

• broadcast 81, 108, 125, 182, 205, 251

• Cabedo 106–107, 110, 126

• cancel 17–18, 130, 148–151, 153, 155, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165–167, 169, 171–174

• cancellation 3, 7, 9, 14, 74, 99, 148–149, 151–154, 157–158, 160–161, 168, 170–171

• CAPP 148–150, 155, 158, 162–165, 167, 169, 174

• caption 33, 65, 90, 138, 140, 182, 231–232, 241, 243–244, 250, 252–253, 260, 263–266, 268–269

• carnival 43–46, 49–50, 54, 57, 60, 65, 71–74

• carnivalesque 6, 11, 43–44, 46, 48–51, 53–54, 56–57, 62, 64, 68, 70–74

• celebrity 2, 16–17, 26, 38, 40, 42, 49–50, 72–75, 89, 96, 98, 101, 126–127, 131–132, 145–147, 157, 172–173, 194, 196–197, 200–201, 203–205, 207, 209, 211, 213, 215, 217, 219, 221, 223–226, 233, 247–248, 250–251, 273–274, 276, 299, 301

• Cheang 106–107, 109–110, 125

• chronotope 131, 134–135, 139–141, 143

• clickable 251, 253, 272–273

• clickbait 250, 272, 273

• clip 114, 219, 270

• close-up 10, 214, 236, 239, 280

• comment 50, 54, 56, 63–64, 71, 83, 86–90, 94, 112, 124, 133, 140, 159–160, 162, 180–183, 186–187, 191, 193, 197–198, 209, 214–215, 217, 288

• commenter 65, 67, 93–94, 291–292

• confession 12, 204, 278–280, 283–284, 289–293, 295, 297–298, 300

• conflict-triggering 180, 184, 192, 194

• conflictual comments 184, 194

• co-opt 130, 144

• corpus 6, 24, 27, 34, 41, 75–76, 78, 82–83, 86–87, 89, 93, 95, 107, 135, 148, 152, 154, 158–162, 164, 166, 172–173, 269

• corpus-assisted analysis 34, 161

• covid-19 20, 22–23, 29, 38, 127, 188

• Culpeper 10–11, 16, 53, 72, 101–102, 104–108, 111–114, 116, 119–125, 127, 176–178, 181, 185,–187, 190–191, 195

• Cunningham 45–48, 57, 72–73

• curate 92, 290

• Danesi 187–188, 195, 242, 247

• De Fina 12, 16, 41, 134, 145–146, 156, 172, 275, 284, 300

• digital detox 227–234, 240–247, 249

• discursive 14, 15, 17–18, 34, 46, 113, 125, 127, 148–150, 152, 173, 211–212, 223–224, 282, 298

• discursively 40, 67, 210, 228, 232–233

• distancing 20, 22–23, 30, 189

• Douyin 4–6, 43–49, 51–58, 60, 62, 64–66, 68, 70, 72, 74

• Driel 228, 232, 246, 249

• Duffy 2, 8, 16, 80, 97, 101, 104, 125, 233, 247, 250, 274–275, 282, 297, 300

• Dynel 192, 195, 200, 224

• emoji 67, 69, 87, 95, 128, 134, 137, 139–140, 143, 147, 187–188, 195–196, 242, 247, 268, 292, 295

• emojis 28, 130, 136–143, 186, 187, 192, 253, 262, 268, 278, 295, 297

• emotion economy 200, 202, 223–224

• emulatability 75, 78–80, 82, 85–88, 92–93, 95

• emulatable 75, 78–80, 82, 85–88, 92–93, 95

• endorsement 16, 96, 101, 125, 223, 233

• endorser 1, 126–127, 178

• engaging 7, 9, 11, 84–85, 101, 145, 151, 165, 179, 219, 228, 249, 252, 299

• Enli 28, 41, 230, 249

• enregisterment39

• evaluative 28, 39, 111, 114, 155, 162, 206, 212–213, 215, 218, 220, 236, 241–242, 244, 261, 280, 285–286

• expletive215

• face threatening 92, 107, 295–296

• Facebook 21, 180, 229, 248, 276, 284

• facework300

• fake 32–33, 162, 168–170, 183, 214, 279, 292–293, 295, 298

• fan 38, 49, 73, 130, 203, 204, 219, 225–226

• fandom 3, 7, 19, 44, 48–49, 73, 99, 226

• filters 25, 30–31, 33, 95

• flashpoint 128–129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147

• follower (s) 1–4, 7–9, 11, 13–16, 21–23, 26, 28, 32–33, 35, 38, 44–46, 48, 52–55, 57, 59–60, 62, 64–65, 77, 82, 90, 97, 103, 120, 122, 125, 130, 133, 135, 137, 140, 143–144, 157, 171, 176, 178–181, 183, 186–187, 189–192, 194, 197–198, 202, 203, 206–208, 210, 212, 218–220, 222–223, 228–229, 231, 233–235, 243–246, 275, 281–283, 285–286, 296, 298

• footage 261, 265, 270–271, 294, 296, 298

• formatting 5, 20–21, 24, 27, 33, 39–40, 53

• formulaic 107, 186, 210–212, 222

• framing 30, 33, 39, 129, 146, 209, 301

• Freberg 1, 16, 128, 146, 178, 195

• Frobenius 102, 107, 111, 125, 209, 224, 276, 281, 300

• gaze 32, 81, 122, 170, 213, 218, 229, 236, 238–239, 244, 261, 281

• Gee 12, 17, 152, 173, 236, 247–248, 276

• genre 6, 12–13, 18, 34–35, 45, 49, 54, 62, 101–105, 149, 153–154, 158, 174, 180, 201, 204, 209–210, 221,–222, 251, 277–278, 282, 284–285, 297, 300

• Goffman 79, 97, 103, 105, 122–123, 126, 196, 216, 221, 224, 243, 248, 252, 281, 286, 300

• Greek 135, 175–176, 180, 192–195, 275

• hashtag 48, 52, 58, 62, 70, 196, 227, 230, 231, 234, 241, 246

• Haugh 17, 104, 124–126, 177, 182, 187, 196

• Hearn 2, 17, 232, 248, 281, 301

• Hidalgo 106–107, 110, 126

• hispanic 148–149, 156–157, 162–164, 166–167, 173–174

• Hund 2, 16–17, 80, 97, 233, 247, 250, 275

• imperfect sharing 20, 28–29, 31–32, 36, 38

• impolite 7, 53–54, 67, 72, 104, 109, 114, 119–120, 176–177, 180–182, 184–186, 191, 195

• inauthentic 32, 79, 200 223, 298

• influencer marketing 2–3, 10, 14, 22, 98, 100, 126–127, 147, 196

• in-groupness 10, 13, 101, 171, 190, 295

• Instagram 4–6, 8–9, 20–24, 26, 28–29, 32, 35–39, 41–42, 75–79, 81–83, 85–87, 89, 91–95, 97–98, 100, 133, 145, 150, 154, 170, 173, 175–177, 179–183, 185, 187–191, 193, 195–197, 227, 229–232, 234–237, 243–245, 247–249, 276–277, 288–289

• interactional 6, 86, 107, 121, 152, 203–204, 252, 255–256, 258, 274–275, 290, 301

• inter-modal 28, 33, 38

• intertextual 45, 90, 137–138

• intonational 106–107, 110–111, 119

• Iversen 15, 17, 21–22, 25, 34, 38, 42, 275

• Jerslev 2, 17, 228, 248, 281, 301

• Jewitt 27, 42, 235, 248

• Johansson 172, 200, 204, 225

• Jucker 102, 124, 126

• keywords 20, 43, 75, 93, 100, 110, 128, 135, 148, 160–162, 172, 175, 200, 205, 227, 250, 278

• Khamis 1, 9, 17, 45, 73, 103, 126, 129, 146, 157, 173, 245, 248, 281, 301

• Kim Kardashian 26, 29, 30–31, 35, 37–38, 41

• Koteyko 229–230, 248

• k-pop 54, 56, 204, 225–226

• Kress 229, 236, 239–240, 248

• Kuaishou 5, 45, 47–48, 73

• Labov 213, 225, 251–252, 256, 259–263, 266–267, 275–276, 286, 301

• Latino/a 148–150, 156, 161, 163–170, 173, 195

• Leeuwen (van) 223, 226, 229, 236, 239, 240, 248

• Lehmann 106–107, 110, 121–123, 126

• Lele Pons 22, 26, 29–36, 38

• Levinson 10, 16, 81, 92, 96, 121, 124

• light-hearted 48, 68, 72

• livestreaming 44–47, 52–56, 59–60, 63, 65–66, 68–70, 72–73

• Locher 106, 126, 196, 229, 249

• lockdown 8, 22–24, 34–35, 39, 42

• Lorenzo-dus 103–104, 126, 173, 223–224, 235, 278, 280 297, 300–301

• macro-influencers 4, 14, 26, 28

• Marwick 9, 17, 29, 42, 75, 78, 98, 130, 132, 147, 201, 203–204, 219, 223, 225, 228, 232–233, 249–250, 253, 276, 281, 301

• Mckinnon 107, 116, 122–123, 127

• mediational 280, 289–290, 293, 297–298

• mediatize 16, 97, 134, 204, 221, 224

• micro-influencer 3–4, 14, 203, 205–206

• mimetic 47, 51, 53, 56–58, 63, 71

• monetization 2, 45, 98, 132, 220, 223

• multimodal 2–3, 6, 9, 14, 16, 27, 42–43, 45, 87, 95, 102, 107, 124, 126, 129, 154, 224, 227, 234–235, 243, 245, 248–249, 284, 292, 300

• multimodality 53, 102, 229, 246, 248, 278

• multi-semiotic 8, 12, 15, 25, 264

• narrate 76, 90, 93, 136, 251, 253, 256, 258–260, 270, 272–273, 276, 279, 297

• networked audiences 1, 13, 15, 131

• NVivo 6, 27, 160, 163, 257–258, 264

• offense 8, 53, 63, 102, 104, 119–120, 150

• offline 3, 7, 28, 44, 51–52, 56, 60, 63, 125, 153–154, 173, 192, 230–231, 241, 243–244

• Olbrys 44, 50, 56–57, 73

• ordinary 3, 4, 9, 15, 17, 32–35, 40, 48, 50, 79–80, 176, 178–179, 203, 221–222, 232, 250, 253, 258–259, 262–264, 266–267, 269–270, 272–274, 279, 281, 299

• outgroup(s) 11, 102, 107, 114

• paralinguistic 214, 216, 285–286, 289, 293, 298

• parasocial 10, 14, 16–17, 48, 64, 72–75, 80–81, 84, 93, 95–98, 126, 171, 179

• Partington 149, 159, 173

• Pell 106–107, 110, 125, 127

• persona 9, 11, 15, 28, 46, 49, 72, 77, 97, 108, 120, 123, 129, 131–134, 139–140, 144–145, 150, 171, 176, 179, 184, 202, 204, 224, 281, 297–298

• pihlaja 7, 18, 181, 196, 255, 277

• platform 1–5, 7, 14, 22, 24–25, 27–29, 35, 40, 43–48, 51–53, 56, 58, 65, 68, 70–73, 95, 102, 108, 123, 136–137, 154, 172, 176, 179, 182, 193, 201–202, 211, 228, 233, 249–251, 279, 286

• platformed 3, 5, 20–21, 25, 37

• playful 29, 44, 48, 50, 72, 114, 117, 118

• playfulness192

• polylogal 120–121, 177–178, 191, 195

• polystorying 128, 135

• positioning analysis/affective positioning
  • PA 28, 38, 275
  • AP 33, 240, 248, 275, 278–279, 284, 286–287, 291, 297, 300

• poster(s) 34, 40, 54, 137, 141, 158–161, 164–171, 175–177, 179, 181–191, 193–195, 197, 230, 235–236, 241, 244–245

• pragmatics 2–3, 6, 14, 16–17, 42, 53, 72, 124–127, 143, 148–149, 173, 195–197, 200, 224–225, 249, 277, 300

• pre-pandemic 22, 24, 29, 34–36, 38

• product reviews 100–101, 103–105, 108–109, 111

• prosodic 6, 11, 16, 100, 102, 105–117, 120–124, 127, 195

• racialization 148, 153, 155–156, 167, 170, 172

• racialized 156–157, 162, 166–167, 169

• recognizable 5, 8, 20, 53, 61, 85, 236

• reconfigure 20, 129

• Redmond 13, 73, 146, 225, 248, 280, 289, 296, 301

• relatable 8, 10, 13, 15, 22, 38–40, 76–77, 82–84, 89–93, 96, 97, 98, 100–101, 105, 116, 122, 201, 232–233, 240, 244–245, 286, 296

• relationality 1, 7, 22, 38, 75, 94

• repurpose/d 13, 20, 34–35, 37–39, 267

• rescripting 134, 137, 140–141, 145–147, 149, 152

• retweet 135, 137, 141, 154

• Riboni 101–102, 104–105, 111, 122, 127, 201, 204, 222–223, 226

• Rogers 155, 164, 174

• Romano 149, 151, 174

• Sacks 79, 93, 98, 252, 277

• Sandel 2, 18, 101, 104–105, 120, 127

• sarcasm 106–107, 110, 114, 116, 125, 127, 175–176, 181, 185–188, 191–192, 194–197

• sarcastic 67, 112, 120, 125–126, 186–188, 192–193, 195

• self-brand 2, 97, 129, 204, 281

• self-deprecation 7, 11, 15, 100–101, 103–105, 107–109, 115–118, 120–122

• self-disclosure 8, 80, 85, 92, 97, 225, 230, 280

• selfie(s) 26, 29–33, 38, 41, 42, 72, 90, 95, 98, 136–137, 140, 143–144, 146, 182, 230, 233, 247, 275–277

• self-presentation 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13, 15–16, 20, 22, 24, 27–29, 31, 38–40, 76–77, 79–80, 88, 92, 129, 134, 148–149, 183, 191, 197, 200–203, 224, 227–228, 232–234, 236–237, 243–247

• self-promotion 34, 38, 40, 75, 94, 233

• semiotic 2, 5–6, 8, 12, 15, 24–25, 27, 36, 39, 43–45, 49, 53, 61, 102, 129, 134–137, 152, 154, 206, 227–229, 234–237, 243, 248, 251, 257–258, 264, 273, 277

• semiotics 51, 54, 195, 247, 277, 301

• Senft 157, 174, 176, 197, 201, 203, 226, 281, 301

• sharing-life-in-the-moment 13, 20–21, 23, 38–39

• Shuman 266–267, 272

• small stories 6, 13, 17, 22, 24, 28, 38, 41, 146, 173, 195, 241, 248, 250–252, 274–276, 300

• Snapchat 1, 21, 29, 276, 288

• spotlight 147, 250, 253, 263–269, 271–274

• stancetaking 16, 97, 224–225, 275, 300

• storyteller 22, 28, 33, 36

• storytelling 11, 13, 17, 20–25, 27, 31, 34, 76, 146, 250–252, 255–256, 261, 266–267, 272, 275–276, 284, 300–301

• storyworld 252, 255, 260–262, 264, 266–267, 269–270, 272, 291

• taleworld 28, 284, 287–288, 291

• Tannen 42, 252, 259, 266–267, 277, 295–296, 298, 301

• technographic 21, 24, 26, 38

• technography 6, 24–25, 41

• tellability 250–251, 253, 255–259, 261, 263, 265–267, 269, 271, 273–275, 277

• tellable 84, 251–252, 256, 264, 273

• thumbnail 13, 250, 252–253, 257–272

• Tiktok 4, 21, 40, 42–43, 46, 74, 96, 98

• Tolson 79, 81, 98, 108, 127, 201, 221–222, 226, 278, 280–281, 297, 301

• Tovares 50, 74, 201, 226

• transgressive 44, 69

• troll144

• trope 47, 50, 57, 59, 70, 169

• tweet(s) 1, 128, 134–142, 154, 178, 230, 248–249

• twitter 6, 96, 130–131, 134–137, 140–142, 144–145, 147, 151, 172, 225–226, 232, 247–249, 300

• ugly selfie 30–33

• unfiltered 28–29, 32, 80, 86, 193, 233

• user-generated 14, 148–149, 152, 158

• Varis 40–41, 45, 51, 74, 134, 147

• viewer(s) 34, 39, 44–45, 49, 51, 56, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 100–101, 104, 120, 125, 208, 211–214, 218–219, 223–224, 232, 236, 239–241, 246, 253, 280–283, 290–291, 296–298, 300

• visibility 1, 4, 12, 16, 40, 51, 56, 70, 75, 94, 97, 129, 132, 134, 141, 143, 145–146, 149, 230, 233, 241, 245

• visual content 37, 90, 182

• waletzky 213, 225, 256, 276, 286, 301

• Wanghong 18, 43, 45–47, 49, 55, 57, 64–65, 70–72, 74, 127

• watching stage 209, 213, 218

• weibo 21, 47, 51–52, 56–57, 60, 64, 72

• wellness 40, 149, 157

• Werner 204–205, 221, 226

• zappavigna 33, 42, 208, 226, 230, 241, 246, 249, 252, 277