In this chapter, I discuss lexical development in third language (L3) acquisition. One of the most researched aspects within this area is cross-linguistic influence (CLI), that is the role of previously acquired languages, the first and/or second language (L1 and L2), on the learning and use of… read more
This paper explores the role of the L1 and the L2 in L3 oral production, both as regards lexicon and syntax. Previous research has shown that both L1 and L2 are used in L3 oral production, and different explanatory factors have been put forward, e.g. (psycho)typology and L2 status. However, these… read more
In her overview of research on the advanced L2 learner, Bartning (1997) aims at characterizing the advanced learner variety. This characterization is above all based on morphosyntactic traits. The aim of this contribution is to present additional characteristics of the advanced learner as defined… read more
This is a follow-up on earlier studies of vocabulary acquisition and cross-linguistic influence (CLI) in advanced learners’ spoken French L3 (Lindqvist 2009, 2010; Lindqvist, Bardel & Gudmundson 2011). The purpose is to study advanced learners’ word choices in oral retellings of video films,… read more
In her overview of research on the advanced L2 learner, Bartning (1997) aims at characterizing the advanced learner variety. This characterization is above all based on morphosyntactic traits. The aim of this contribution is to present additional characteristics of the advanced learner as defined… read more
This study is a follow-up to Lindqvist et al. (to press), where we investigated lexical frequency profiles of learners of French and Italian at different proficiency levels. By analyzing the proportion of low-frequency words used by the learners, we could distinguish proficiency levels that differ… read more