Zhiming Bao

Cao, Luwen and Zhiming Bao. 2018. Negation in Singapore English. Negation and Negative Concord: The view from Creoles, Déprez, Viviane and Fabiola Henri (eds.), pp. 153–170

Singapore English is a new variety of English that has developed unique grammatical characteristics due to contact with the heritage languages of Singapore, especially Chinese. In this paper, we document the morphosyntax of negation in Singapore English, using data culled from available databases,… read more | Chapter

Bao, Zhiming and Luwen Cao. 2017. Negative raising in Singapore English. Negation and Contact: With special focus on Singapore English, Ziegeler, Debra and Zhiming Bao (eds.), pp. 151–170

Negative raising is common in English and Singapore English, and a casual visitor to Singapore can easily observe instances of this phenomenon. It is not attested in Chinese, the main heritage language of Singapore. We know that Singapore English has incorporated grammatical constructions from… read more | Article

Ziegeler, Debra and Zhiming Bao. 2017. Introduction. Negation and Contact: With special focus on Singapore English, Ziegeler, Debra and Zhiming Bao (eds.), pp. 1–10

Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2013. Review of Lim & Gisborne (2011): The Typology of Asian Englishes. English World-Wide 34:2, pp. 241–244

Review

Bao, Zhiming and Khin Khin Aye. 2012. Bazaar Malay topics. Pidgins and Creoles in Asia, Ansaldo, Umberto (ed.), pp. 151–167

Bazaar Malay is a Malay-lexified pidgin with a Chinese substratum spoken in the marketplace of Singapore (and elsewhere in Southeast Asia). Although it is no longer a lingua franca in Singapore today, it is nevertheless still spoken by older Singaporeans. Like Chinese and Malay, Bazaar Malay is a… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2011. One in Singapore English. Language Change in Contact Languages: Grammatical and prosodic considerations, Clements, J. Clancy and Shelome Gooden (eds.), pp. 79–106

This paper investigates the grammar and usage of one in Singapore English, which exhibits the influence of both Chinese and English, the two dominant languages in the multilingual ecology of Singapore English, as well as the influence of relevant linguistic universals. The grammar of one is… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2011. Convergence-to-substratum and the passives in Singapore English. Creoles, their Substrates, and Language Typology, Lefebvre, Claire (ed.), pp. 253–270

Singapore English is a non-native variety of English that has emerged from intense contact with the local languages, mainly Chinese and Malay. It has two passive forms appropriated from the local languages, in addition to the English passives (be V-en and get V-en). In this paper, I study the usage… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2010. Review of Branner (2006): The Chinese rime tables: Linguistic philosophy and historical-comparative phonology. Chinese Language and Discourse 1:1, pp. 134–137

Review

Bao, Zhiming and Khin Khin Aye. 2010. Bazaar Malay topics. Pidgins and Creoles in Asian Contexts, Ansaldo, Umberto (ed.), pp. 155–171

Bazaar Malay is a Malay-lexified pidgin with a Chinese substratum spoken in the marketplace of Singapore (and elsewhere in Southeast Asia). Although it is no longer a lingua franca in Singapore today, it is nevertheless still spoken by older Singaporeans. Like Chinese and Malay, Bazaar Malay is a… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2009. One in Singapore English. Language Change in Contact Languages: Grammatical and prosodic considerations, Clements, J. Clancy and Shelome Gooden (eds.), pp. 338–365

This paper investigates the grammar and usage of one in Singapore English, which exhibits the influence of both Chinese and English, the two dominant languages in the multilingual ecology of Singapore English, as well as the influence of relevant linguistic universals. The grammar of one is… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming and Lye Hui Min. 2005. Systemic Transfer, Topic Prominence, and the Bare Conditional in Singapore English. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 20:2, pp. 269–291

Colloquial Singapore English has a novel conditional construction in which the conditional clause is not marked morphosyntactically, and must precede the consequent clause. We show that Singapore English, like Chinese, the main substrate language, is topic prominent, and the novel conditional… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming. 2003. Review of Chappell (2001): Sinitic grammar: Synchronic and diachronic perspectives. Functions of Language 10:1, pp. 116–122

Review

Bao, Zhiming. 2001. The origins of empty categories in Singapore English. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 16:2, pp. 275–319

The system of empty categories in Singapore English, a contact language with an endogenous ecology, arises through the interaction of three parameters: [topic-prominence], [pro-drop], and [wh-movement]. These parameters are reset under the pressure of the languages in the contact ecology, mainly… read more | Article

Alsagoff, Lubna, Zhiming Bao and Lionel Wee. 1998. Why You Talk Like That? The Pragmatics of a Why Construction in Singapore English. English World-Wide 19:2, pp. 247–260

In this paper, we examine one wh-construction in Singapore English, which signals a demand for justification, and show that there is a systematic correlation between its structural and pragmatic properties. We suggest that this wh-construction is based on the imperative, and inherits the structural… read more | Article

Bao, Zhiming, Ruiqing Shen and Kunmei Han. 2023. Languages and language contact in China. Language Contact with Chinese, Bao, Zhiming (ed.), pp. 1–13

China is ethnically and linguistically diverse. There are 56 officially recognized ethnic groups in the country, including the majority Han, with a 1.2 billion-strong population and Tatar, the smallest minority group with only 3,556 people residing in Xinjiang, according to the 2010 Population… read more | Introduction

Journals

Concentric (ConSL)

Edited by Hsiao-Hung Iris Wu and Li-Hsin Ning

International Journal of Chinese Linguistics (IJChL)

Edited by Wei-Tien Dylan Tsai, Ning Yu and Hongming Zhang

Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages (JPCL)

Edited by Bettina Migge and Anthony P. Grant

Language and Linguistics (L&L)

Edited by Edith Aldridge

Titles

Language Contact with Chinese

Edited by Zhiming Bao

Negation and Contact: With special focus on Singapore English

Edited by Debra Ziegeler and Zhiming Bao

Articles