This article is meant to give a state-of-the-art picture of cognitive linguistic studies on humour. Cognitive linguistics has had an immense impact on the development of humour research and, importantly, humour theory over the past few decades. On the one hand, linguists, philosophers and psychologists working in the field of humour research have put forward proposals to explain the cognitive processes underlying specifically humour production and reception (e.g. the incongruity-resolution framework and its refinements). On the other hand, humour research has drawn on theories and concepts advanced in contemporary cognitive linguistics taken as a whole (e.g. mental spaces, conceptual blending, salience or conceptual metaphor). The different notions and approaches originating in these strands of research are in various ways interwoven in order to give new insights into the cognitive workings of humour.
Antonopoulou, E. (2002). A cognitive approach to literary humour devices: Translating Raymond Chandler. In J. Vandaele (Ed.), Humour and translation. Special issue of The Translator
, 8(2), 235–257.
Antonopoulou, E. A., & Nikiforidou, K. (2009). Deconstructing verbal humour with construction grammar. In G. Brone & J. Vandaele (Eds.), Cognitive poetics: Goals, gains and gaps (pp. 289–314). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Antonopoulou, E., Nikiforidou, K., & Tsakona, V. (2015). Construction grammar and discoursal incongruity. In G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics and humor research (pp. 13–48). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Apter, M. J. (1982). The experience of motivation: The theory of psychological reversals. London: Academic Press.
Attardo, S. (1994). Linguistic theories of humor. New York: Mouton.
Attardo, S. (2015). Humorous metaphors. In G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Humor and cognitive linguistics (pp. 91–110). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Attardo, S., & Raskin, V. (2017). Linguistics and humour theory. In S. Attardo (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and humor (pp. 49–63). Oxon: Routledge.
Aymone, A. (2007). Interview with Victor Raskin. In D. Popa, & S. Attardo (Eds.), New approaches to the linguistics of humour (pp. 217–225). Galati: Editura Academica.
Bergen, B. K. (2003). To awaken a sleeping giant: Cognition and culture in September 11 political cartoons. In M. Achard & S. Kemmer (Eds.), Language, culture, and mind (pp. 23–35). Stanford, CA: CSLI.
Bergen, B. K., & Binsted, K. (2015). Embodied grammar and humor. In G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics meets humor research: Current trends and new developments (pp. 49–68). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Brandt, L. (2003). Humor and meaning construction in everyday speech: A mental space analysis. Paper presented at the
8th International Cognitive Linguistics Conference
, University of La Rioja, Spain.
Brône, G. (2008). Hyper- and misunderstanding in interactional humor. Journal of Pragmatics, 40(12), 2027–2061.
Brône, G. (2012). Humour and irony in cognitive pragmatics. In H. Schmid (Ed.), Cognitive pragmatics (pp. 463–504). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Brône, G. (2017). Cognitive linguistics and humor research. In S. Attardo (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of language and humor (pp. 250–266). Oxon: Routledge.
Brône, G., & Coulson, S. (2010). On the cognitive processing of deliberate ambiguity in newspaper headlines: The case of double grounding. Discourse Processes, 471, 212–236.
Brône, G., & Feyaerts, K. (2004). Assessing the SSTH and GTVH: A view from cognitive linguistics. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 17(4), 361–372.
Brône, G., Feyaerts, K., & Veale, T. (2006). Introduction: Cognitive linguistic approaches to humor. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(3), 203–228.
Bryant, G., & Gibbs, R. (2015). Behavioral complexities of ironic humor. In G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics and humor research (pp. 147–166). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Canestrari, C., & Bianchi, I. (2012). Perception of contrariety in jokes. Discourse Processes, 491, 539–564.
Cori, V., Canestrari, C., & Bianchi, I. (2016). The perception of contrariety and the processing of verbal irony. Gestalt Theory, 38(2–3), 253–266.
Coulson, S. (1996). The Menendez brothers virus: Analogical mapping in blended spaces. In A. E. Goldberg (Ed.), Conceptual structure, discourse, and language (pp. 67–81). Palo Alto: CSLI.
Coulson, S. (2000). Semantic leaps: Frame-shifting and conceptual blending in meaning construction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Coulson, S. (2005a). “What’s so funny?”: Cognitive semantics and jokes. Cognitive Psychopathology, 21, 67–78.
Coulson, S. (2005b). Extemporaneous blending: conceptual integration in humorous discourse from talk radio. Style, 391, 107–122.
Coulson, S. (2005c). Sarcasm and the space structuring model. In S. Coulson, & B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk (Eds.), The literal and the nonliteral in language and thought (pp. 129–144). Berlin: Peter Lang.
Coulson, S. (2015). Frame-shifting and frame semantics: Joke comprehension on the space structuring model. In: G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics and humor research (pp. 167–190). Berlin, Germany: Mouton de Gruyter.
Coulson, S., & Kutas, M. (1998). Frame-shifting and sentential integration. Cognitive Science Technical Report, 98.02. UCSD.
Coulson, S. & Kutas, M. (2001). Getting it: Human event-related brain response to jokes in good and poor comprehenders . Neuroscience Letters, 3161, 71–74.
Coulson, S., & Severens, E. (2007). Hemispheric asymmetry and pun comprehension: When cowboys have sore calves. Brain and Language, 1001, 172–187.
Coulson, S., Urbach, T. P., & Kutas, M. (2006). Looking back: Joke comprehension and the space structuring model. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(3), 229–250.
de Jongste, H. (2013). Negotiating humorous intent. In M. Dynel (Ed.), Developments in linguistic humour theory (pp. 179–210). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
de Jongste, H. (2016). Mental models and humorous intent. Journal of Pragmatics, 951, 107–119.
de Jongste, H. (2017). Culture and incongruity in The Office (UK). Language & Communication, 551, 88–99.
Dynel, M., (2009a). Humorous garden-paths: A pragmatic-cognitive study. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Dynel, M. (2009b). Metaphor is a birthday cake: Metaphor as the source of humour. metaphorik.de, 171, 27–48.
Dynel, M. (2011). Blending the incongruity-resolution model and the conceptual integration theory: The case of blends in pictorial advertising. International Review of Pragmatics, 3(1), 59–83.
Dynel, M. (2014). Isn’t it ironic?: Defining the scope of humorous irony. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 27(4), 619–639.
Dynel, M. (2017). Academics vs. American scriptwriters vs. Academics: A battle over the etic and emic “sarcasm” and “irony” labels. Language & Communication, 551, 69–87.
Dynel, M. (2018). Irony, deception and humour: Seeking the truth about overt and covert untruthfulness. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Fauconnier, G. (1985). Mental spaces: Aspects of meaning construction in natural language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Fauconnier, G. (1997). Mappings in thought and language. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M. (2002). The way we think: Conceptual blending and the mind’s hidden complexities. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Forabosco, G. (1992). Cognitive aspects of the humour process: The concept of incongruity. Humor, 51, 9–26.
Forabosco, G. (2008). Is the concept of incongruity still a useful construct for the advancement of humor research?Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 41, 45–62.
Gentner, D. (1983). Structure-mapping: A theoretical framework for analogy. Cognitive Science, 7(2), 155–170.
Gibbs, R. (2005). Embodiment and cognitive science. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gibbs, R. (2017). Metaphor wars: Conceptual metaphor in human life. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Gibbs, R., & Colston, H. (Eds.). (2007). Irony in language and thought: A cognitive science reader. New York: Erlbaum.
Giora, R. (1991). On the cognitive aspects of the joke. Journal of Pragmatics, 16(5), 465–486.
Giora, R. (1997). Understanding figurative and literal language: The graded salience hypothesis. Cognitive Linguistics, 71, 183–206.
Giora, R. (2003). On our mind: Salience, context and figurative language. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Giora, R. & Fein, O. (1999). Irony comprehension: The graded salience hypothesis. Humor, 12(4), 425–436.
Giora, R., Fein, O., Kotler, N., & Shuval, N. (2015). Know hope: Metaphor, optimal innovation and pleasure. In G. Brône, K. Feyaerts, & T. Veale (Eds.), Cognitive linguistics and humor research (pp. 129–146). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Giora, R., Fein, O., Kronrod, A., Elnatan, I., Shuval, N., & Zur, A. (2004). Weapons of mass distraction: Optimal innovation and pleasure ratings. Metaphor and Symbol, 191, 115–141.
Giora, R., Givoni, S., Heruti, V., & Fein, O. (2017). The role of defaultness in affecting pleasure: The optimal innovation hypothesis revisited. Metaphor & Symbol, 32(1), 1–18.
Goldberg, A. (1995). Constructions: A construction grammar approach to argument structure. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Hampe, B. (Ed.). (2017). Metaphor: Embodied cognition and discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hofstadter, D., & Gabora, L. (1989). Frame blends. Humor, 21, 417–440.
Jabłońska-Hood, J., (2015). A conceptual blending theory of humour: Selected British comedy productions in focus. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models: Towards a cognitive science of language, inference, and consciousness. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Kihara, Y. (2005). The mental space structure of verbal irony. Cognitive Linguistics, 161, 513–530.
Koestler, A. (1964). The act of creation. London: Hutchison.
Kotthoff, H. (2006). Pragmatics of performance and the analysis of conversational humor. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(3), 271–304.
Langacker, R. (1987). Foundations of cognitive grammar: Theoretical prerequisites. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Langacker, R. (2008). Cognitive grammar: A basic introduction. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Maier, N. (1932). A gestalt theory of humour. British Journal of Psychology, 231, 69–74.
Martin, R. (2007). The psychology of humor: An integrative approach. Burlington, MA: Elsevier.
Mayerhofer, B. (2013). Perspective clashing as a humour mechanism. In M. Dynel (Ed.), Developments in linguistic humour theory (pp. 211–234). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Mayerhofer, B., Maier, K., & Schacht, A. (2015). Priming interpretations: Contextual impact on the processing of garden path jokes. Discourse Processes, 53(8), 675–694.
Mayerhofer, B., & Schacht, A. (2015). From incoherence to mirth: Neuro-cognitive processing of garden-path jokes. Frontiers in Psychology, 61, 550.
Morreall, J. (2010). Humor as cognitive play. Journal of Literary Theory, 3(2), 241–260.
Nerhardt, G. (1976). Incongruity and funniness: Towards a new descriptive model. In A. J. Chapman, & H. C. Foot (Eds.), Humour and laughter: Theory, research and applications (pp. 55–62). London: Transaction Publishers.
Oring, E. (1992). Jokes and their relations. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky.
Oring, E. (2003). Engaging humor. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Partington, A. (2006). The linguistics of laughter: A corpus-assisted study of laughter-talk. London: Routledge.
Pollio, H. (1996). Boundaries in humor and metaphor. In S. Mio, & A. Katz (Eds.), Metaphor: Implications and applications (pp. 231–253). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Raskin, V. (1985). Semantic mechanisms of humor. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
Ritchie, D. (2005). Frame-shifting in humor and irony. Metaphor and Symbol, 20(4), 275–294.
Ritchie, G. (2004). The linguistic analysis of jokes. London: Routledge.
Ritchie, G. (2006). Reinterpretation and viewpoints. Humor, 19(3), 251–270.
Shelley, C. (2001). The bicoherence theory of situational irony. Cognitive Science, 251, 775–818.
Shultz, T. (1972). The role of incongruity and resolution in children’s appreciation of cartoon humor. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 131, 456–477.
Suls, J. (1972). A two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and cartoons: An information processing analysis. In J. Goldstein & P. McGhee (Eds.), The psychology of humor (pp. 81–100). New York: Academic Press.
Suls, J. (1983). Cognitive processes in humor appreciation. In P. McGhee & J. Goldstein (Eds.), Handbook of humor research, Vol. 1 (pp. 39–57). New York: Springer.
Tourangeau, R., & Sternberg, R. J. (1981). Aptness in metaphor. Cognitive Psychology, 13(1), 27–55.
Turner, M. (2014). The origin of ideas: Blending, creativity, and the human spark. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Turner, M. (2015). Blending in language and communication. In E. Dąbrowska & D. Divjak (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive linguistics (pp. 211–232). Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.
Uekermann, J., Daum, I., & Channon, S. (2007). Toward a cognitive and social neuroscience of humor processing. Social Cognition, 25(4), 553–572.
van Dijk, T. A. (2008). Discourse and context: A sociocognitive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
van Dijk, T. A. (2009). Society and discourse: How social contexts influence text and talk. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
van Dijk, T. A. (2014). Discourse and knowledge: A sociocognitive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Veale, T. (2008). Figure-ground duality in humour: A multi-modal perspective. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 4(1), 63–81.
Veale, T., Feyaerts, K., & Brône, G. (2006). The cognitive mechanisms of adversarial humor. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 19(3), 305–340.
Veale, T., & Valitutti, A. (2017). Tweet dreams are made of this: Appropriate incongruity in the dreamwork of language. Lingua, 1971, 141–153.
Yus, F. (2017). Incongruity-resolution cases in jokes. Lingua, 1971, 103–122.
2021. Cognitive strategies and figurative language in subversive stand-up comedy: the case of trumping (Estrategias cognitivas y lenguaje figurativo en el monólogo humorístico subversivo: el caso de la baza lúdica). Studies in Psychology 42:2 ► pp. 428 ff.
2020. Book review. Journal of Pragmatics 155 ► pp. 349 ff.
Buján Navarro, Marta
2019. Humour in interaction and cognitive linguistics: critical review and convergence of approaches. Complutense Journal of English Studies 27 ► pp. 139 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 15 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.