This paper reviews some of the predictions and assumptions made by different versions of the Critical Period Hypothesis which assumes that language acquisition will in principle be more successful in younger subjects. Findings from investigations of early vs. delayed acquisition of both a first and a second language which support this claim are presented. The question is then addressed whether the overall difference in ultimate attainment is a consequence of a loss of neural plasticity, or of the stabilizing of neural connections through the language learning process itself. The findings from a study of the L1 attrition of Korean adoptees in France are presented in support of the latter explanation.
2009. Maturational Constraints and First Language Attrition. Language Learning 59:3 ► pp. 687 ff.
Flaherty, Mary
2015. What We Can Learn From Hearing Parents of Deaf Children. Australasian Journal of Special Education 39:1 ► pp. 67 ff.
Herschensohn, Julia
2009. FUNDAMENTAL AND GRADIENT DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 31:2 ► pp. 259 ff.
Karayayla, Tuğba & Monika S. Schmid
2019. First Language Attrition as a Function of Age at Onset of Bilingualism: First Language Attainment of Turkish-English Bilinguals in the United Kingdom. Language Learning 69:1 ► pp. 106 ff.
Kasparian, Kristina & Karsten Steinhauer
2016. Confusing similar words: ERP correlates of lexical-semantic processing in first language attrition and late second language acquisition. Neuropsychologia 93 ► pp. 200 ff.
Kasparian, Kristina & Karsten Steinhauer
2017. When the Second Language Takes the Lead: Neurocognitive Processing Changes in the First Language of Adult Attriters. Frontiers in Psychology 08
Kasparian, Kristina, Francesco Vespignani & Karsten Steinhauer
2017. First Language Attrition Induces Changes in Online Morphosyntactic Processing and Re-Analysis: An ERP Study of Number Agreement in Complex Italian Sentences. Cognitive Science 41:7 ► pp. 1760 ff.
Kim, Kitaek & Hyunwoo Kim
2022. Sequential bilingual heritage children's L1 attrition in lexical retrieval: Age of acquisition versus language experience. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 25:4 ► pp. 537 ff.
Kotzor, Sandra, Swetlana Schuster & Aditi Lahiri
2021. Still ‘native’? Morphological processing in second-language-immersed speakers. International Journal of Bilingualism 25:5 ► pp. 1389 ff.
Malik-Moraleda, Saima, Manuel Roca & Edward Gibson
2022. Color naming in Tsimane’–Spanish bilinguals indicates that differential experience with content domains affects lexical access. Scientific Reports 12:1
Montrul, Silvina
2009. Knowledge of tense-aspect and mood in Spanish heritage speakers. International Journal of Bilingualism 13:2 ► pp. 239 ff.
Montrul, Silvina & Rebecca Foote
2014. Age of acquisition interactions in bilingual lexical access: A study of the weaker language of L2 learners and heritage speakers. International Journal of Bilingualism 18:3 ► pp. 274 ff.
Nergis, Ayşegül
2011. To what extent does neurolinguistics embody EFL teaching methods?. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 15 ► pp. 681 ff.
Norrman, Gunnar & Emanuel Bylund
2016. The irreversibility of sensitive period effects in language development: evidence from second language acquisition in international adoptees. Developmental Science 19:3 ► pp. 513 ff.
Paradowski, Michał B. & Aleksandra Bator
2018. Perceived effectiveness of language acquisition in the process of multilingual upbringing by parents of different nationalities. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 21:6 ► pp. 647 ff.
Park, Eun Sung
2018. Language Attrition. In The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching, ► pp. 1 ff.
PARK, HYEON-SOOK
2015. Korean adoptees in Sweden: Have they lost their first language completely?. Applied Psycholinguistics 36:4 ► pp. 773 ff.
Polinsky, Maria & Gregory Scontras
2020. Understanding heritage languages. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23:1 ► pp. 4 ff.
Ramonaitė, Jogilė Teresa & Meilutė Ramonienė
2021. How, when and why can the mother-tongue language be forgotten? The case of international adoption. Taikomoji kalbotyra 16 ► pp. 1 ff.
Scharp, Kristina M, Cimmiaron F Alvarez & Brittan A Barker
2023. Conceptualizing other-resilience: exploring how hearing parents enact resilience for themselves and their children who use cochlear implants. Human Communication Research
Scharp, Kristina M, Brittan A Barker, Sidney N Rucker & Hannah D Jones
2018. Exploring the Identities of Hearing Parents who Chose Cochlear Implantation for their Children with Hearing Loss. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 23:2 ► pp. 131 ff.
2010. Quantitative analyses in a multivariate study of language attrition: the impact of extralinguistic factors. Second Language Research 26:1 ► pp. 125 ff.
Scontras, Gregory, Zuzanna Fuchs & Maria Polinsky
2015. Heritage language and linguistic theory. Frontiers in Psychology 6
Slavkov, Nikolay
2015. Language attrition and reactivation in the context of bilingual first language acquisition. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 18:6 ► pp. 715 ff.
Steinhauer, Karsten & Kristina Kasparian
2020. Brain Plasticity in Adulthood—ERP Evidence for L1‐attrition in Lexicon and Morphosyntax After Predominant L2 Use. Language Learning 70:S2 ► pp. 171 ff.
Tracy, Rosemarie
2009. Multitasking: Mehrsprachigkeit jenseits des „Streitfalls“. In Streitfall Zweisprachigkeit – The Bilingualism Controversy, ► pp. 163 ff.
Veríssimo, João, Vera Heyer, Gunnar Jacob & Harald Clahsen
2018. Selective Effects of Age of Acquisition on Morphological Priming: Evidence for a Sensitive Period. Language Acquisition 25:3 ► pp. 315 ff.
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