Adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching
Avoidance of grammatical gender in bi/multilingual speech
María del Carmen Parafita Couto | Leiden University
The current study investigates DP-internal adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching (CS). Specifically, we
analyze two concomitant phenomena that have been previously investigated; namely, the distributional frequency and placement of
adjectives in mixed determiner phrases (DPs). A total of 1680 DPs (477 monolingual Spanish and 1203 Spanish/English DPs),
extracted from sociolinguistic interviews with 62 consultants from Northern Belize, were quantitatively examined. This paper is
the first of its kind to examine adjectives in the innovative Spanish/English CS variety of Northern Belize, an understudied
context where bilingual CS has thrived among younger generations. The distributional and statistical analyses revealed that the
avoidance of Spanish attributive adjectives and overt gender marking is a distinguishing characteristic of mixed DPs but not
monolingual Spanish DPs, a finding that supports Otheguy and Lapidus’ (2003) adaptive
simplification hypothesis. In terms of adjective placement, both the Matrix Language Frame model and the Minimalist approach to CS
were able to account for mixed noun-adjective DPs, with the exception of a few cases that could only be predicted by the former
model. The present analysis highlights the pivotal role that simplification and convergence play in code-switchers’ optimization
of linguistic resources in bi/multilingual discourse.
Keywords: Northern Belize, Spanish/English CS, adjectives, convergence
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Northern Belize
- 3.Methodology
- 3.1Purpose
- 3.2Data and analysis
- 4.Results
- 4.1Adjectives in monolingual Spanish versus mixed noun-adjective DPs
- 4.2Mixed noun-adjective DPs
- 5.Discussion and conclusion
- Notes
-
References
Published online: 27 August 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/sic.00034.bal
https://doi.org/10.1075/sic.00034.bal
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