Language choice and accommodation
Casual encounters in San Ysidro and Nogales
The present study investigates language choice in two bilingual speech communities in the United States: Nogales, AZ and San Ysidro, CA. Ethnically distinct fieldworkers approached members of these two communities under the guise of being lost tourists in order to engage in casual speech encounters. It was found that language choice varied between the two communities, with participants of the San Ysidro community more likely to engage in codeswitching. Ethnicity was also found to be a significant predictor of language choice, with more codeswitching taking place with the fieldworker of a Hispanic phenotype. Potential explanations and factors for future research are discussed.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 1.1Speech accommodation theory
- 1.2Previous research
- 1.3The speech communities
- 1.4The present study
- 2.Method
- 2.1Data collection
- 2.2Questionnaire
- 3.Results
- 4.Discussion
- 5.Conclusion
- Notes
-
References
This article is currently available as a sample article.
References (32)
References
Alarcón, Amado, and McC. Josiah Heyman. 2013. “Bilingual Call Centers at the US-Mexico Border: Location and Linguistic Markers of Exploitability.” Language in Society 42 (01): 1–21.
Bernsten, Jan. 1994. “English and Shona in Zimbabwe.” World Englishes 13 (3): 411–418.
Callahan, Laura. 2005. “Talking both Languages: 20 Perspectives on the Use of Spanish and English Inside and Outside the Workplace.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 26(4): 275–295.
Callahan, Laura. 2006. “English or Spanish?! Language Accommodation in New York City Service Encounters.” Intercultural Pragmatics 3 (1): 29–53.
Callahan, Laura. 2007. “Spanish/English Codeswitching in Service Encounters: Accommodation to the Customer’s Language Choice and Perceived Linguistic Affiliation.” Southwest Journal of Linguistics 261: 15–38.
Callahan, Laura. 2009. Spanish and English in U.S. Service Encounters. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Callahan, Laura. 2011. “Workplace Requests in Spanish and English: A Case Study of Email Communication between Two Supervisors and a Subordinate.” Southwest Journal of Linguistics 30 (1): 27–56.
Dibble, Sandra. 2010. “Number of Border Crossings Stabilizes.” San Diego Union Tribune. Accessed January 5, 2013. [URL]
Francom, Claudia. 2012. Análisis Sociolingüístico de Elección de Lengua en Encuentros de Servicio: Una Perspectiva Etnográfica y Experimental. Dissertation. University of Arizona.
Gardner-Chloros, Penelope. 1997. “Code-switching: Language selection in three Strasbourg department stores”. In Sociolinguistics. A Reader, ed. by Nikolas Coupland and Adam Jaworski, 361–375. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Giles, Howard, Richard Y. Bourhis, and Donald M. Taylor. 1977. “Towards a Theory of Language in Ethnic Group Relations.” In Language, Ethnicity, and Intergroup Relations, ed. by Howard Giles, 307–348. London: Academic.
Giles, Howard, and Nikolas Coupland. 1991. Language: Contexts and Consequences. Milton Keynes England: Open University Press.
Giles, Howard, and Peter F. Powesland. 1997. “Accommodation Theory.” In Sociolinguistics. A Reader, ed. by Nikolas Coupland and Adam Jaworski, 232–239. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Heller, Monica S. 1982. “Negotiations of language choice in Montreal.” In Language and Social Identity ed. by John J. Gumperz, 108–118. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hidalgo, Margarita. 1995. “Language and Ethnicity in the Taboo Region: The U.S.-Mexico Border.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 1141: 29–45.
Jaramillo, June A. 1995. “The Passive Legitimization of Spanish. A Macrosociolinguistic Study of a Quasi-Border: Tucson, Arizona”. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 1141: 67–91.
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 1993. Social Motivations for CodeSwitching. Evidence from Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 2006. Multiple Voices. An Introduction to Bilingualism. Blackwell Publishing.
Myers-Scotton, Carol. 2009. “Code-switching.” In The new sociolinguistics reader, ed. by Nikolas Coupland & Adam Jaworski, 473–489. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Nelson, Reid Anders. 2009. Effects of Similarity and Tourist Status on Prosocial Behavior: A Field Study in Spain. Dissertation. Western Washington University.
Pan, Yuling. 2000a. “Code-switching and social change in Guangzhou and Hong Kong”. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 146L1: 21–41.
Poplack, Shana. 1980. “Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en espanol: Toward a typology of code-switching”. In The bilingualism reader, ed. by Li Wei, 221–258. London: Routledge.
Poplack, Shana. 1993. “Variation Theory and Language Contact.” In American Dialect Research: An Anthology Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the American Dialect Society, ed. by Denis R. Preston, 251–286. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Toribio, Almeida Jackqueline. 2011. “Code-Switching Among US Latinos”. In The Handbook of Hispanic Sociolinguistics, ed. by Manuel Díaz-Campos, 530–552. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
Urciuoli, Bonnie. 1996. Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race, and Class. Oxford: Westview Press.
“U.S. Census Bureau”. 2010. Accessed February 25, 2013, [URL].
Valdés, Guadalupe, Herman García, and Diamantina Storment. 1982. “Sex-related speech accommodation among Mexican-American bilinguals: a pilot study of language choice in customer-server interactions.” In Bilingualism and Language Contact: Spanish, English, and Native American Languages, ed. by Florence Barkin, Elizabeth A. Brandt, and Jacob Ornstein-Galicia, 187–201. New York: Teachers College Press.
Weyers, Joseph R. 1999. “Spanish as an Ethnic Marker in El Paso, Texas.” Southwest Journal of Linguistics 18 (1): 103–116.
Zentella, Ana Celia. 1997. Growing up bilingual: Puerto Rico children in New York. Oxford: Blackwell.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
Mata, R.
2023.
Bilingualism is good but codeswitching is bad: attitudes about Spanish in contact with English in the Tijuana - San Diego border area.
Critical Inquiry in Language Studies 20:4
► pp. 386 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 16 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.