Part of
The Development of Aspirated Fricatives in Gothic: A contact-linguistic perspectiveSeiichi Suzuki
[Studies in Germanic Linguistics 9] 2024
► pp. xiii–xvi
Seiichi Suzuki
[Studies in Germanic Linguistics 9] 2024
► pp. xiii–xvi
List of symbols and abbreviations
[+ cont]
[+ continuant] (feature)
[+obs]
[+obstruent] (feature)
[Ð]
voiced unaspirated fricative (phone)
[Ðh]
voiced aspirated fricative (phone)
[slack]
[slack vocal cords] (feature)
[spread]
[spread glottis] (feature)
[stiff]
[stiff vocal cords] (feature)
[T]
voiceless stop (phone)
[Th]
voiceless aspirated stop (phone)
[Þ]
voiceless unaspirated fricative (phone)
[Þh]
voiceless aspirated fricative (phone)
* prefixed
reconstructed as an earlier form
* suffixed
not attested in the Gothic corpus
/Ð/
voiced (unaspirated) fricative (phoneme)
/D/
voiced stop (phoneme)
/Dh/
voiced aspirated stop (phoneme), in opposition to /D/
/T/
voiceless stop, aspirated or unaspirated (phoneme); voiceless unaspirated stop (phoneme), in opposition to /Th/
/Th/
voiceless aspirated stop (phoneme), in opposition to /T/
/Þ/
voiceless fricative, aspirated or unaspirated (phoneme)
~
varies with
1 Cor.
1 Corinthians
1 Thess.
1 Thessalonians
1 Tim.
1 Timothy
2 Cor.
2 Corinthians
2 Thess.
2 Thessalonians
2 Tim.
2 Timothy
acc.
accusative
C
consonant; (only in Chapter 3) voiced or unaspirated consonant, in opposition to
Ch
CG
Classical Greek
Ch
voiceless or aspirated consonant (only in Chapter 3)
Ð
voiced or unaspirated fricative, in opposition to Þ (only in Chapter 3)
dat.
dative
Dor.
Doric
Eph.
Ephesians
FD
Final Devoicing
Fr.
French
Gal.
Galatians
gen.
genitive
GH
Glottal Height
Gk.
Greek
GL
Grassmann’s Law
Gmc.
Germanic
Go.
Gothic
GT
Glottal Tension
GW
Glottal Width
Lar
Laryngeal
Lat.
Latin
LH
Larynx Height
Lith.
Lithuanian
loc.
locative
Matt.
Matthew
MDu.
Middle Dutch
MG
Modern Greek
MHG
Middle High German
nom.
nominative
NWGmc.
Northwest Germanic
OE
Old English
OFris.
Old Frisian
OHG
Old High German
OIr.
Old Irish
ON
Old Norse
OS
Old Saxon
PGmc.
Proto-Germanic
PGo.
Proto-Gothic
Phil.
Philippians
PIE
Proto-Indo-European
pl.
plural
pres.
present
pret.
preterite
R
resonant
RL
recipient language
Russ.
Russian
sg.
singular
Skt.
Sanskrit
SL
source language
TL
Thurneysen’s Law
Ukr.
Ukrainian
V
vowel
VL
Verner’s Law
Þ
voiceless or aspirated fricative, in opposition to Ð (only in Chapter 3)
σ
syllable
