Part of
Grammaticalization and Language Change: New reflectionsEdited by Kristin Davidse, Tine Breban, Lieselotte Brems and Tanja Mortelmans
[Studies in Language Companion Series 130] 2012
► pp. 299–326
Edited by Kristin Davidse, Tine Breban, Lieselotte Brems and Tanja Mortelmans
[Studies in Language Companion Series 130] 2012
► pp. 299–326
The many careers of negative polarity items
This study focuses on “the many careers of negative polarity items”, taking a diachronic perspective on NPIs in general and on scalar NPIs in particular. Its main thesis is that scalar NPIs are prototypical NPIs. The downward entailing contexts of NPIs can be explained and made cognitively accessible by the pragmatic mechanisms associated with scalar NPIs, viz. the capacity to evoke alternatives (ALT) and the scalar interpretation of these alternatives (SCALE). NPIs with standard contexts of distribution are, or are otherwise tied to, scalar expressions, while NPIs with an idiosyncratic range of contexts are not. The diachronic development of core NPIs crucially involves the loss, change or replacement of ALT and/or SCALE. Non-scalar elements can also become NPIs, but non-prototypical ones, viz. escort particles, analogy NPIs, or mimicry NPIs.
Cited by (64)
Cited by 64 other publications
Beaver, David & Kristin Denlinger
2020. Negation and Presupposition. In The Oxford Handbook of Negation, ► pp. 369 ff. 
Bohn, Manuel, Josep Call & Christoph J. Völter
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2020. The Neurology of Negation. In The Oxford Handbook of Negation, ► pp. 725 ff.
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2020. Types of Negation. In The Oxford Handbook of Negation, ► pp. 58 ff.
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Grodzinsky, Yosef, Virginia Jaichenco, Isabelle Deschamps, María Elina Sánchez, Martín Fuchs, Peter Pieperhoff, Yonatan Loewenstein & Katrin Amunts
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Papeo, Liuba & Manuel de Vega
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2020. Negation in Event Semantics. In The Oxford Handbook of Negation, ► pp. 301 ff.
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Breitbarth, Anne
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[no author supplied]
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[no author supplied]
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[no author supplied]
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[no author supplied]
2014. Preface. In The History of Low German Negation, ► pp. viii ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. List of figures. In The History of Low German Negation, ► pp. xii ff.
[no author supplied]
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[no author supplied]
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[no author supplied]
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