Notion index

• Aboutness topicsee topic

• Absolute statesee state

• Accessible informationsee information

• Activation (of a referent)284

• Activation statesee state

• Additive focussee focus

• Adjacency
  • Linear adjacency 197, 203, 206, 208, 209, 211

• Afterthought 161–162, 166, 169, 183, 188 ; see also appendix

• Alignment
  • Alignment split 196, 202–203, 212–213
  • Harmonic Alignment 204–207

• Anaphora 242, 251
  • Anaphoric demonstrative236

• Annexed statesee state

• Antipassive228

• Antitopic 127–128, 154 ; see also (right-edged) topic

• Appendix 183, 187–188, 363, 376, 380–381, 386–388 ; see also afterthought

• Argument Focussee focus

• Assertion-correction338

• Background 403, 417, 422, 424

• Biclausal 219, 230, 238, 240, 248, 261, 335

• Bidirectional case markingsee case marking

• Broad focussee focus

• Calquing336

• Categoriality 120, 153

• Cleft 145–150, 153–154, 170, 219, 225, 230–231, 239–241, 245–250, 253–262, 335, 342–343, 346–347, 349, 351, 354
  • Continuous topic cleft238
  • Informative-presupposition it-cleft238
  • It-cleft 171–172, 238–239, 247–249, 260, 262
  • Pseudo-cleft 247–250, 253–254, 258–260, 262

• Cognate infinitive 318–319, 324

• Comment 360–361, 363, 371–373, 375–377, 379, 381–391, 394–395

• Conditional 407, 411, 432

• Constituent structure 20, 25 ; see also word order

• Continuous topic cleftsee cleft

• Contrast 219, 231–233, 236–239

• Contrastive focussee focus

• Contrastive topicsee topic

• Coordination 157, 159–160, 162–163, 165, 167, 169, 188

• Copula 330–331, 335–336, 340–342, 344, 346–348, 350–354

• Corpus
  • Corpus method 330–331, 340, 349, 352–354
  • Corpus(-based) study 25, 35, 46, 359–360
  • Spoken corpus 330, 353

• Corrective focussee focus

• Counter-expectational focussee focus

• Data
  • Elicited data 197, 201
  • Experimental data 22, 37, 77

• Dependency 161, 166–171, 177, 183

• Detransitivization 228–229

• Differential
  • Differential argument marking 195–196, 204
  • Differential object marking306See also markedness

• Discourse
  • Discourse structure 404–405, 432–433
  • Discourse topicsee topic
  • Discourse tree 404–405, 407, 429

• Dislocation
  • Left-dislocation 170–171, 210–211, 277
  • Right-dislocation277

• Downstep 21, 33

• Dysfluency 157, 159–162, 164–165, 167, 188

• Elicitation 330–331, 336–340, 349–354

• Embedded focussee focus

• Embedding 219, 226–227, 229

• Equational clause 239–241

• Ergative 196, 203–204, 212–213
  • Ergativity
    • Pragmatic ergativity 197, 213
    • Optional ergativity 196–197, 204, 213

• Exhaustive focussee focus

• Ex-situ 330–332, 340, 343, 347–348, 350–352, 354

• Extraction 225, 330–331, 335 ; see also fronting

• Flagging 300, 305–306, 323

• Focalization 219, 225

• Focus 23, 36, 43, 245, 246, 259, 403, 405, 417, 428
  • Additive focus 149–151, 153
  • Argument Focus 85, 88, 98–101, 103, 105–107, 109–111, 198, 231, 233, 236–237
  • Broad focus 137–138, 153, 261, 315, 319
  • Cleft focus153
  • Contrastive focus 56–57, 59–61, 64, 68, 70, 74–77, 96, 133, 143, 153, 246, 251, 258, 260–262, 318, 324, 337–338
  • Corrective focus 56, 59–61, 64, 68, 70, 72, 74–77, 144–145, 153, 246
  • Counter-expectational focus 339, 350
  • Embedded focus 425–428
  • Exhaustive focus 147–148, 153, 317, 324
  • Focus domain 46, 417, 419, 428
  • Focus fronting 335–337, 339–340, 351, 354
  • Focus marker 51, 53, 55–57, 77, 198–201, 213, 330–331, 335, 338, 340–344, 346–351, 353–354, 406
  • Focus on the verbal lexemesee predicate focus
  • Focus phrase 245, 247
  • Focus pronoun 340–341, 344–346, 349, 353–354
  • Focus-marking copula330
  • In-situ focus 120, 129, 132, 139–141, 152–153, 331–332, 338, 340, 343, 347–352, 354
  • Narrow focus 23–24, 53, 101, 121, 139–141, 145, 153–154, 315–316, 320, 426
  • New information focus338
  • Predicate focus 104, 109, 198–199, 231, 301, 316–318, 324, 338–340, 342, 348, 352, 354
  • Sentence focus 150, 298, 301, 315, 319–325

• Framesetting topicsee topic

• Frequency 339–340, 344, 349–354

• Fronting 225, 260, 330, 335–336, 352 ; see also extraction; topic

• Gender 267–268, 274, 290–291

• ‘Given-before-new’ 85, 87, 109–112

• Givenness 39–41, 46, 119, 122, 151–152, 413–415, 417, 419

• Grammaticalisation 335–336, 340, 342, 350–351, 354
  • Apparent grammaticalisation 336, 340, 342, 350–351, 354

• Harmonic Alignmentsee alignment

• Identifying Clause 171–178, 186–187

• Illocution 362, 366, 368–373, 381
  • Illocutionary force 166, 172, 360, 364, 366, 372, 377–379, 381, 388–389, 395
  • Illocutionary type 363, 365, 377, 380, 392
  • Illocutionary Unit 164–165, 167, 171, 181, 188–189

• Indexing 298–299, 303, 305–307, 323

• Information
  • Accessible information122
  • Information function 361, 363, 369, 379–381, 386, 388, 391–392
  • Information pattern 360, 368, 370–373, 375–376, 379–382, 386, 390, 394–395
  • Information unit 360–361, 363, 368, 370–372, 376, 379–380, 383, 388, 390–392, 395

• In-situ focussee focus

• Intonation 306, 309–310, 324, 332, 402, 414, 436, 438–439
  • Intonation unit 87, 89–90, 122–124, 128, 130, 137, 152–153, 161–162, 168, 176, 187, 218, 226, 235, 237, 239, 270–271, 278, 280, 288, 286
  • Pause intonation 337, 353

• Inverse 221–222, 224, 227–230

• It-cleftsee cleft

• Lab speechsee speech

• Left-dislocationsee dislocation

• Lengthening 200, 209–211

• Linear adjacencysee adjency

• Macrosyntax 157, 159, 161–163, 179

• Marked
  • Marked construction 316–317, 335
  • Marked pronoun 329–330, 332, 336–337, 339, 352 ; See also pronoun

• Markedness 195, 204
  • Markedness-based account (of differential argument marking/case marking) 197, 202, 212

• Match constraints 24, 32–33

• Microsyntax 167, 171

• Monoclausal 230, 240, 335

• ‘More-newsworthy-first’ 85, 87, 109–111

• Morphology 120, 127, 151–153
  • Morphological marking 52–53, 57, 72, 74, 77–78

• Multifunctionality341

• Narrow focussee focus

• Negation 227–229

• New information focussee focus

• Non-at-issue material 407, 411, 428–429, 431–432, 434

• Non-terminal prosodic breaksee prosody

• Non-verbal clause 331–332, 342, 350, 354

• Nucleus 165–172, 174, 177–176, 179, 181–189, 377, 380

• Post-nucleus 165–166, 169, 182–183, 187, 189

• Pre-nucleus 165–166, 170–171, 174, 176, 181–184, 186–187, 189

• Prosodic nucleus388

• Syllabic nucleus37

• Number 267–268, 274, 290–291

• Object 196–198, 200–213, 266–267, 269, 271–275, 277–278, 282, 284, 288, 290–291

• Onset 24, 37–38, 40–41, 45

• Optimality Theory 204, 207, 214
  • Stochastic Optimality Theory 207–208

• Parallel structures 418, 422, 435

• Pause intonationsee intonation

• PENTA (Parallel Encoding and Target Approximation) 88–89, 92, 104

• Phonetic exponent 52, 57, 61, 74, 76–77

• Piles 157, 160, 162–164, 167–168, 188

• Plural marker 332, 341, 345

• Polysemy336

• Post-nucleussee nucleus

• Postposing 342–343

• Postverbal material 17, 21–24, 35–36, 40–41

• Pragmatics360

• Predicate focussee focus

• Predicate nominal 230, 236, 239

• Prefix 372, 380–382, 388

• Pre-nucleussee nucleus

• Processing212

• Pro-drop 342–343, 347

• Prominence 195, 204, 206–207, 209, 211–212

• Pronoun 196, 202–204, 206, 208–211, 218–221, 223–227, 229–241

• Pronominal
  • Pronominal predicate 225–227
  • Pronominality 195–196, 202–204, 206–208
  see pronoun

• Prosody 86, 89, 92, 111, 120, 122–124, 127, 129–130, 132, 134–135, 137–138, 141–142, 145, 151–154, 175, 237, 239, 360–361, 370, 372, 376, 378, 386, 394
  • Prosodic boundary 33, 40, 86, 91, 111, 118, 268, 270–272, 277–278
  • Prosodic break 161–162, 165, 172, 183, 364, 370
    • Terminal prosodic break 162, 165, 364, 366, 369, 378
    • Non-terminal prosodic break 165, 370, 372, 378, 380–381
  • Prosodic constituent 21, 27–28, 33, 35
  • Prosodic marking 51–53, 77
  • Prosodic pattern 360, 373, 380–382
  • Prosodic unit 85, 89, 91, 110, 360–361, 363–364, 368, 370–373, 376–377, 380, 383, 386, 388, 390

• Pseudo-cleftsee cleft

• Question-answer pairs 333, 338, 353

• Reanalysis336

• Reference unit 360–361, 366, 369–370, 372–373, 394

• Referential hierarchy228

• Reformulation 160, 165, 190

• Relativization 225, 228

• Resumption 330, 337
  • Resumptive pronoun 329, 335

• Right-dislocationsee dislocation

• Rising contour 32–33, 35, 38, 41

• Root 168, 173, 177–178, 186, 371–373, 377–383, 388

• Scripted speechsee speech

• Secondary topicsee topic

• Sentence 158–160, 163, 170, 172, 175, 189

• Sentence focussee focus

• Sentence topicsee topic

• SOVsee word order

• SOVXsee word order

• Speech
  • Lab speech17
  • Scripted speech 18–21, 24–25, 42–47
  • Speech act 360–361, 370, 376, 382, 394
  • Spontaneous speech 17–19, 25, 42–44, 46–49, 197, 201–202

• Spoken corpussee corpus

• Stanza370

• State
  • Absolute state 269, 273, 275, 284, 286, 290
  • Activation state 121–122, 124, 152
  • Annexed state 268, 273, 280, 284, 290

• Stress
  • Nuclear stress 298, 306, 312–316, 319, 322–325
  • Word stress22

• Subject 195–216, 222, 245–254, 256–266, 268–270, 272–275, 277–278, 284–285, 288, 290–292

• Subordination243

• Subtopic shiftsee topic

• Suffix 372, 386

• SVOsee word order

• Syllabic nucleussee nucleus

• Syntax 120, 127, 129, 137, 145, 151–153
  • Syntactic island 172, 363

• Terminal prosodic breaksee prosody

• Thetic structure 298, 319

• Tone 51–55, 61–62, 72, 75–76
  • Tonal335

• Topic 121, 125, 127–137, 147, 151–152, 154–155, 361, 365, 371, 376, 379, 381–386, 388, 396–395, 405–406, 413, 415, 417, 422–424, 426, 434–435
  • Aboutness topic 97, 101, 103–107, 109–111, 113, 134, 170, 172, 417
  • Contrastive topic 97, 99, 101, 103, 106–111, 113, 422, 424, 432–434, 441
  • Discourse topic 96, 127, 222–223, 234, 236, 282–284, 301, 309
  • Framesetting topic 97–98, 101, 106–110, 112
  • Left-edged topic 182–183
  • Right-edged topic 166, 182–183 ; see also antitopic
  • Secondary topic 302–305, 327
  • Sentence topic 217, 219, 231, 233, 238
  • Subtopic shift 278, 280
  • Topic phrase 301, 329–330
  • Topic pronoun 301, 337, 345–346, 349, 354 ; see also pronoun

• Topicality 222, 306, 326, 437

• Topicalization 128–129, 138, 142, 152, 154, 238, 244, 284–285

• Topicworthiness 202–207

• Transitivity 172, 191, 196, 198, 208

• Turn-taking 157, 159, 163, 168–169

• Universal 205, 334

• Universal Dependencies Grammar 157, 177, 188

• Unmarked construction 316–317, 340

• Utterance 360–366, 368–373, 375–376, 378–379, 381–383, 385–389, 391–392, 394

• Verbal clause
  • SOV 20–22, 24–25, 43
  • SOVX216
  • SVO 20–25, 35, 43–44
  • V-final 20–21, 29, 31, 35, 40, 43, 45
  • Verb-initial 218, 225 ; see also constituent structure

• φ-phrase 21, 24, 28, 31–33, 35