Chapter published in:
Information-Structural Perspectives on Discourse Particles
Edited by Pierre-Yves Modicom and Olivier Duplâtre
[Studies in Language Companion Series 213] 2020
► pp. 136–159

Final or medial

Morphosyntactic and functional divergences in discourse particles of the same historical sources

| Fuji Women’s University
| Hokkaido University of Education
Some Japanese final particles find their origins in the same historical sources as interjectional (or medial) particles, with the former occurring in sentence-final position while the latter in sentence-medial position. The two types of particles, though identical in form, are less likely to be used in the same sentence. This study demonstrates that they developed along different pathways and acquired respectively unique discourse-pragmatic functions, mediated by the traits of the positions they occupy in sentences. Our research highlights three discourse-pragmatic functions: information status, addressee-directedness, and speaker gender. We argue that the final and interjectional particles of the same form do not co-occur in a single sentence when they show contrastive features in one of these functions.
Published online: 04 March 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.213.05izu
References

References

Abbott, Barbara
2000 Presuppositions as nonassertions. Journal of Pragmatics 32(10): 1419–1437. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Abraham, Werner
1991 The grammaticization of the German modal particles. In Approaches to Grammaticalization, Vol. II: Types of Grammatical Markers [Typological Studies in Language 19], Elizabeth Closs Traugott & Bernd Heine (eds), 331–380. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Asakawa, Tetsuya & Takebe, Ayumi
2014 Rekishiteki Henka-kara Rikaisuru Gendai Nihongo Bunpoo (Modern Japanese Grammar from the Perspective of Historical Change). Tokyo: Ohfu.Google Scholar
Beeching, Kate & Detges, Ulrich
(eds.) 2014 Discourse Functions at the Left and Right Periphery: Crosslinguistic Investigations of Language Use and Language Change. Leiden: Brill. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Birner, Betty J. & Ward, Gregory
1998 Information Status and Noncanonical Word Order in English [Studies in Language Companion Series 40]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Chafe, Wallace
1976 Givenness, contrastiveness, definiteness, subjects, topics, and point of view. In Subject and Topic, Charles N. Li (ed.), 25–55. New York NY: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Chafes, Wallace
1994 Discourse, Consciousness, and Time: The Flow and Displacement of Conscious Experience in Speaking and Writing. Chicago IL: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Cook, Haruko Minegishi
2006 The acquisition of the particles ne, yo, and no . In The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics, Vol. 2: Japanese, Mineharu Nakayama, Reiko Mazuka & Yasuhiro Shirai (eds), 103–109. Cambridge: CUP. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Degand, Liesbeth, Cornillie, Bert & Pietrandrea, Paola
(eds) 2013 Discourse Markers and Modal Particles: Categorization and Description [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 234]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Diewald, Gabriele
2006 Discourse particles and modal particles as grammatical elements. In Approaches to Discourse Particles, Kerstin Fischer (ed.), 403–425. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
2013 “Same same but different” – Modal particles, discourse markers and the art (and purpose) of categorization. In Degand, Cornillie & Pietrandrea (eds.), 19–45.Google Scholar
Evans, Nicholas
2007 Insubordination and its uses. In Finiteness: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations, Irina Nikolaeva (ed.), 366–431. Oxford: OUP.Google Scholar
Ford, Cecilia E. & Thompson, Sandra A.
1996 Interactional units in conversation: Syntactic, intonational, and pragmatic resources for the management of turns. In Interaction and Grammar, Elinor Ochs, Emanuel A. Schegloff & Sandra A. Thompson (eds), 134–184. Cambridge: CUP.Google Scholar
Hasegawa, Yoko
2015 Japanese: A Linguistic Introduction. Cambridge: CUP. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Hashimoto, Shinkichi
1948 Kokugohoo Kenkyuu (A Study of the Japanese Language Usage). Tokyo: Iwanamishoten.Google Scholar
Iori, Isao, Takanashi, Shino, Nakanishi, Kumiko & Yamada, Toshihiro
2000 Shokyuu-o Oshieru Hito-no-tameno Nihongo Bunpoo Handobukku (Grammar Handbook for Teachers of Japanese to Beginners). Tokyo: 3A Network.Google Scholar
2001 Chuujookyuu-o Oshieru Hito-no-tameno Nihongo Bunpoo Handobukku (Grammar Handbook for Teachers of Japanese to Intermediate and Advanced Learners). Tokyo: 3A Network.Google Scholar
Izuhara, Eiko
2008 Kantoojoshi shuujoshi-no danwakanri kinoo bunseki (Discourse management analysis of interjectional and sentence-final particles). The Journal of Aichi Gakuin University. Humanities & Sciences 56(1): 67–82.Google Scholar
2011 Kantoojoshi-wa donoyooni ichizukeraretekita-ka (How have interjectional particles been positioned?). The Journal of Aichi Gakuin University, Humanities & Sciences 58(3): 1–12.Google Scholar
Izutsu, Katsunobu & Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita
2013a From discourse markers to modal/final particles: What the position reveals about the continuum. In Degand, Cornillie & Pietrandrea (eds), 217–235.Google Scholar
Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Izutsu, Katsunobu
2013b Kore-tte hoogendatta-sa: Kyoodoochuui-no kanten-kara mita Hokkaido-hoogen-no shuujoshi “sa” (This is dialect! An analysis of sentence-final particle -sa from the viewpoint of joint attention). Proceedings of the 31st Congress of the Japanese Association of Sociolinguistic Sciences, 78–81. Tokyo: JASS.Google Scholar
Kamio, Akio
1990 Joohoo-no Nawabari Riron: Gengo-no Kinooteki Bunseki (The Theory of Territory of Information: A Functional Analysis of Language). Tokyo: Taishukan Publishing.Google Scholar
Kinsui, Satoshi
1993 Shuujoshi -yo, -ne (Sentence-final particles -yo and -ne ). Gekkan Gengo (Language Monthly) 22(4): 118–121.Google Scholar
Konoshima, Masatoshi
1966 Kokugo Joshi-no Kenkyuu: Joshishi-no Sobyoo (A Study of Japanese Particles: A Sketch of a History of Particles). Tokyo: Ohfu.Google Scholar
Kuroda, Shige-Yuki
1972 The categorical and the thetic judgment: Evidence from Japanese syntax. Foundations of Language 9: 153–185.Google Scholar
Lambrecht, Knud
1994 Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus and the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents. Cambridge: CUP. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Duck-Young
2007 Involvement and the Japanese interactive particles -ne and -yo . Journal of Pragmatics 39: 363–388. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Masuoka, Takashi
1991 Modaritii-no Bunpoo (The Grammar of Modality). Tokyo: Kurosio.Google Scholar
Masuoka, Takashi & Yukinori, Takubo
1992 Kiso Nihongo Bunpoo (Basic Japanese Grammar), revised edition. Tokyo: Kurosio.Google Scholar
Matsumura, Akira
(ed.) 1969 Kotengo Gendaigo Joshi Jodooshi Syoosetsu (A Detailed Explanation of Particles and Auxiliaries in Classical and Modern Japanese). Tokyo: Gakutosya.Google Scholar
(ed.) 1971 Nihon Bunpoo Daijiten (A Comprehensive Dictionary of Japanese Grammar). Tokyo: Meijishoin.Google Scholar
Maynard, Senko K.
1993 Discourse Modality: Subjectivity, Emotion, and Voice in the Japanese Language [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 24]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Morita, Emi
2005 Negotiation of Contingent Talk: The Japanese Interactional Particles ne and sa [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 137]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Nagasaki, Yasuko
2012 Dantei Hyoogen-no Tsuujiteki Kenkyuu (A Diachronic Study of Copular Expressions). Tokyo: Musashinoshoin.Google Scholar
NINJAL (National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics)
1951 Gendaigo-no Joshi, Jodooshi: Yoorei-to Jitsurei (Bound Forms (Particles and Auxiliaries) in Modern Japanese: Uses and Examples). Tokyo: Shuei Shuppan.Google Scholar
Nitta, Yoshio
1982 Joshi (Particles). Nihongo Kyooiku Jiten (The Dictionary of Japanese Language Education), 146–154. Tokyo: Taishukan.Google Scholar
NKD = Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (Shogakukan Unabridged Dictionary of the Japanese Language)
2000–2002 14 Vols, 2nd edition. Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Henshuu Iinkai (ed.). Tokyo: Shogakukan.Google Scholar
Ochs, Elinor, Schegloff, Emanuel A. & Thompson, Sandra A.
(eds) 1996 Interaction and Grammar. Cambridge: CUP. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Oe, Motoki
2015 Hatsuwataido-toiu kanten-kara mita kantoojoshi: Kantoojoshi-no shutsugen-ichi-to hatsuwarensa-ni chakumokushite (Interjectional particles from the viewpoint of utterance attitudes: with special attention to their positions and utterance sequences). Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the Pragmatics Society of Japan, 187–191.Google Scholar
2017 Kantoojoshi-no ichizuke-no saikentoo: Shuujoshi-tono hikaku-o tooshite (Reconsideration of interjectional particles in comparison with final particles). Studies in Pragmatics 19: 90–99.Google Scholar
Ogi, Naomi
2017 Involvement and Attitude in Japanese Discourse: Interactive Markers [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 272]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Ohso, Mieko
1986 Goyoo bunseki 1: ‘Kyoo-wa ii tenki-desu-ne’ – ‘Hai, soo-desu’ (Error analysis 1: ‘It’s a nice weather today, isn’t it?’ – ‘Yes, it is.’). Nihongogaku (Japanese Linguistics) 5(9): 91–94.Google Scholar
Ono, Susumu
1977 Nihongo-no jodooshi-to joshi (Japanese auxiliaries and particles). In Iwanami Kooza 7: Bunpoo II (Iwanami Lecture Series 7: Grammar II), 1–28. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Ono, Susumu, Satake, Akihiro & Maeda, Kingoro
(eds) 1990 Iwanami Kogojiten, hoteiban (The Iwanami Classical Japanese Dictionary, revised and enlarged edition). Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.Google Scholar
Onodera, Noriko O.
2004 Japanese Discourse Markers: Synchronic and Diachronic Analysis [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 132]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Polinsky, Maria
1999 Review article, Information structure and sentence form: Topic, focus, and the mental representations of discourse referents by Knud Lambrecht. Language 75(3): 567–582. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Prince, Ellen
1981 Toward a taxonomy of given-new information. In Radical Pragmatics, Peter Cole (ed.), 223–255. New York NY: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Suzuki, Ryoko
1990 The role of particles in Japanese gossip. Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 315–324. Berkeley CA: BLS.Google Scholar
Takubo, Yukinori & Kinsui, Satoshi
1997 Discourse management in terms of mental spaces. Journal of Pragmatics 28: 741–758. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Thurmair, Maria
1989 Modalpartikeln und ihre Kombinationen. Tübingen: Niemeyer. CrossrefGoogle Scholar
Tokieda, Motoki
1954 Nihonbunpoo: Bungo-hen (Japanese Grammar: Classical Japanese). Tokyo: Iwanamishoten.Google Scholar
Uchio, Kumi
1973 Joshi-no hensen (Historical changes of particles). In Hinshibetsu Nihonbunpoo Kooza 9: Joshi (Lectures of Japanese Grammar with Specific Reference to Parts of Speech 9: Particles), Kazuhiko Suzuki & Oki Hayashi (eds), 70–106. Tokyo: Meijishoin.Google Scholar
Usami, Mayumi
(ed.) 2005 BTS-niyoru Tagengo Hanashi Kotoba Koopasu – Nihongo Kaiwa 1: Nihongo Bogowashadooshi-no Kaiwa (Multilingual Corpus of Spoken Language by Basic Transcription System (BTS) – Japanese Conversation 1: Conversations between Native Speakers of Japanese). Tokyo: Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.Google Scholar
Uyeno, Tazuko
1971 A Study of Japanese Modality: A Performative Analysis of Sentence Particles. PhD dissertation, The University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Yamada, Toshihiro
2004 Kokugo Kyooshi-ga Shitteokitai Nihongo Bunpoo (Japanese Grammar that Japanese Teachers Should Know). Tokyo: Kuroshio.Google Scholar
Yamada, Yoshio
1908 Nihon Bunpooron (A Theory of Japanese Grammar). Tokyo: Hobunkan.Google Scholar
1936 Nihon Bunpoogaku Gairon (An Introduction to Japanese Grammar). Tokyo: Hobunkan.Google Scholar