Index

• abbreviation4, 10, 181, 184, 193–195, 201–202, 234

• abstract1, 41–42, 66, 74, 95, 104, 109, 163, 184, 209, 212, 236, 238, 240–241, 249, 252

• acronym222

• ad hoc5, 38, 41, 48, 156–157, 161, 196, 233, 241, 247, 248, 250, 252

• adjective (attributive)39, 121, 169–170, 174

• adverbialisation51–52, 68–70

• affix6–9, 11–12, 53–55, 62, 93, 102–103, 105–107, 109–110, 119–124, 127, 132, 137–138, 182–183, 185, 197, 251

• agent/agentivity42, 73–74, 79, 88, 217–218

• alphabetism201, 222

• ambiguity171, 173, 192
  • avoidance177

• analogue68–70, 193

• applicative24

• autosegmental phonology185

• base140, 148–50, 152, 155–158, 160, 162–163, 165, 173–174, 183, 187, 191, 193–194, 213, 216, 221–225, 228, 234, 239, 243, 245–246, 249–252

• binomial198, 238

• bleaching46, 48

• blocking159, 185–187

• borrowing8, 35, 111, 119, 193

• boundary straddling5, 10, 12, 14, 75, 190, 235, 247, 252;; see also interface meandering

• camel case13, 169, 173

• canonical (incl. non-canonical)29, 159, 172–173, 210

• categorial unfaithfulness9–10, 12, 102, 106, 127, 131, 133, 145, 148–149, 152–153

• causative218

• C-domain125

• C-functor137–139, 141, 149

• clarity1–2, 215

• clitic7–9
  • cliticisation148, 150

• coinage19, 22, 52–53, 93, 193, 223–224, 228

• collocation47, 56, 69, 169–170, 233

• colloquial80, 82, 90, 93, 96, 182

• complexity6, 11, 19–20, 34–35, 37, 42, 47, 65, 161, 202, 236, 238, 240

• compositionality (incl. non-compositionality)9–10, 12–13, 65, 123, 131–134, 136, 139, 141, 143–150, 152–153, 198, 238

• compound/compounding4, 23, 132–133, 136–137, 144, 155–156, 160, 164, 182, 194–196, 241–242, 246–247
  • attributive/subordinate243–244, 246, 248, 251–252
  • coordinate14, 233, 235, 238, 241, 246–248, 252
  • endocentric12, 197, 222, 238
  • exocentric222, 244
  • nominal root133–134, 153
  • phrasal9, 47, 208
  • synthetic9, 12, 64–65

• compound frame136, 141–144, 146–147, 149–153

• concatenative (incl. non-concatenative)4, 13, 182, 202, 236

• condensing function11, 24, 34, 37, 40, 44, 47

• conformity1–2, 215

• conjunct52, 57, 60, 169, 199–200, 236–239, 249–250

• conspiracy29, 30, 42, 46

• constraint68, 184, 194, 201–202, 238
  • violation4–5, 7–8, 10–11, 13, 51, 76, 97, 155–156

• Construction Grammar / Construction Morphology6, 11–14, 20, 22, 35, 74, 76, 209, 239, 249, 251

• Content matching139–144, 147–152

• context-dependent20, 96, 159–160, 197, 200, 234, 239, 245, 252

• contextual246, 252

• Contrastive Focus Reduplication10, 156, 160, 196

• conventionalisation88, 139, 185, 238, 245

• conversion207–208, 224

• creativity2, 4–5, 28, 30, 37, 52–53, 76–83, 90, 96, 133, 223, 225, 248

• DegP124

• degrammaticalisation8

• derivation4, 6–11, 13, 35, 51–54, 56, 58–59, 62, 64–66, 68, 70, 74–77, 86, 91, 95–96, 105, 123, 131–132, 134, 136–144, 149–151, 153, 182, 189, 194, 197, 215–216, 246, 250

• deviance/deviant form4, 28, 34–35, 78–79, 97, 149, 157, 171, 181–182, 203, 248

• diachronic change, see language change

• diminutive9, 12, 101–103, 106–107, 109–112, 114, 119–127, 185–187

• dissimilarity constraint10, 13, 156, 183

• Distributed Morphology6, 11–12, 104–106, 109, 121, 123, 126, 137

• domain103–104, 127, 137

• DP105–106, 114–115, 119, 124, 145

• dummy it14, 208–211, 213, 218, 227, 229;; see also referential it

• economy1, 215

• emoji223, 228

• en-search139, 140–144, 147–152

• entrenchment21–22, 46, 68–69

• epenthetic9, 10, 12, 101–104, 106–111, 118–121, 124–127

• evaluative morphology9, 19–20

• exemplar11–12, 14, 51, 66, 68, 70, 236, 239

• exoskeletal syntax11–12, 131, 136–137, 141–146, 149, 153

• expressiveness1–3, 5, 12, 20, 53, 73, 76, 80, 82, 88, 90, 93–97, 102, 112, 176, 182–183, 191, 202, 207, 214–217, 225, 228–229

• extra-grammatical4, 80–81, 183

• formality (incl. informality)102, 112–113, 122, 124–125

• form-meaning pairing13, 74, 131, 133

• frequency8, 12, 20, 25, 27, 29–30, 33, 35, 37–44, 55, 57–61, 64–66, 68, 70, 82, 84–85, 87, 89, 96, 188, 208, 215, 219–220, 224, 228;; see also type frequency, token frequency

• gemination/geminate185–188, 201

• generalextender10, 14, 233–236, 250, 252

• genre51, 182, 219

• gerundive nominal132

• givenness38, 40, 44

• grammaticalisation1, 3, 77, 252

• hapax legomena8, 23, 27, 29, 37, 39, 42–43, 47, 57, 88, 91, 165, 208, 219

• Harry Potter adverb55–56, 59, 61

• head12–13, 38, 76, 103, 105, 111, 120–121, 124–125, 127, 133–135, 141–142, 157, 159, 161, 163, 195, 197, 208, 210

• hedging expression28, 34

• honorific9, 12, 101–104, 111–116, 119–127

• Horror Aequi Principle76

• humour11, 44, 46–47, 52, 90, 225

• Identical Constituent Compound (ICC)10, 13, 155–177, 182, 195, 196, 201

• ideophone10, 184, 193, 201–202

• idiom/idiomatic10, 12–13, 40, 133, 136–137, 144–147, 149–153, 185, 196, 198, 209

• idiosyncratic property75–76, 132, 185, 201, 221

• indexical/indexical categorization240, 246, 252

• inferential reasoning14, 238, 250–252

• inflection10, 35, 76–77, 95, 121, 131, 136, 157–158, 164, 267–168, 172, 182, 190, 201, 225

• inheritance132, 209, 249

• initialism193–195, 222

• innovative1–2, 4–5, 12, 37, 41, 59, 62–63, 69–70, 77–78, 80, 102, 132, 155

• institutionalisation245, 249

• intent2, 22, 51, 53, 79, 93, 96

• interface6–8, 10, 12, 102–106, 120, 127, 134, 139, 151, 153
  • meandering6–7, 10, 103, 106, 125,; see also boundary straddling

• interjection12, 26, 101–103, 106, 111–121, 123, 213, 222, 224, 228

• interpretation9, 12, 22, 39, 42, 63, 134–136, 144, 148–149, 151–153, 158, 160, 172, 174, 194, 196, 216, 220, 235, 239, 246, 249–252;; see also meaning

• irregularity4, 80, 132, 149, 183, 185

• -ish6–9, 215

• language change1–3, 47, 53, 69, 77, 82

• Late Insertion104, 109

• lemma212, 218–219, 221

• lengthening113, 185

• Lexical Integrity Hypothesis9–10, 197, 250

• lexicalisation13, 22, 28, 32, 41, 55, 88, 136, 156, 176–177, 184–185, 187

• linguistic norm2–4, 11, 23, 51, 68, 70, 76, 79–81, 96, 155, 157, 176, 182

• linking element13, 156–158, 160, 164, 167–168, 171–173, 176, 191, 196–197

• list skeleton237–238

• loanword36, 119, 164, 184, 188, 193, 201–202

• ludic4, 183,; see also playfulness

• marking9, 13, 77, 79–82, 84–92, 94–96, 103, 105, 131, 133, 135–137, 142, 151

• Maxim of Extravagance1–2, 4, 20–21, 51, 53, 77, 214–215

• meaning
  • affective182–183, 202
    • connotative52
  • denotational246, 249
  • emphatic3, 20, 192
  • expressive, see expressiveness
  • pejorative, see pejoration

• merger134, 138, 140–144, 147, 149–153

• metalinguistic comment22–23, 26–28, 46

• metaphor(incl. metaphorical extension)40, 78, 208, 211

• metonymy39–40, 197

• metrical foot184, 190–193, 201

• minimalist141, 143

• mismatch5, 9, 11, 14, 24, 34–36, 41–42, 45, 47, 229

• modification (internal)7, 146, 157, 159–160, 174

• modifier, modifier-head relation13, 157, 159, 161, 163, 195

• MonosuffixConstraint76

• monosyllabic186, 188, 190–191, 193–194

• morphological schema, see schema

• negation169–170, 174, 218–219, 225–226, 229

• neologism23, 32, 245

• network66–69, 77–78

• nickname formation182, 189, 191

• No Phrase Constraint9

• nonce-formation193, 197, 215–216, 219–222, 225, 239, 244–247, 249, 252

• novelty3–5, 11, 21, 23–24, 28, 32, 35, 42, 46, 57, 65, 76–78, 80, 82, 86–87, 91, 172, 208, 225

• NP64, 74, 170

• NumP105–106, 124

• Obligatory Contour Principle102–103, 107, 110, 118, 120, 126–127, 183

• onomatopoeia10, 184, 193, 201–202, 224

• paradigmatic214, 225, 227, 229, 236, 245, 249

• participant42, 55, 123, 217–218, 228–229

• particle36, 80, 89, 92, 170, 174, 207–211, 215–216, 221, 236
  • verb9, 12, 36, 75–76, 79, 83–86, 88, 95, 209, 211, 215

• passive-ornative24, 41

• pejoration19, 30, 191, 202

• Phase103, 105, 125, 134, 139, 141

• phonological
  • constraint202
  • faithfulness137
  • foot191, 193
  • hierarchy10, 13, 184–185, 191
  • index137, 139
  • word (p-word)13, 137, 139, 184, 191, 195, 201

• phonotactic generalization13, 184, 200

• playfulness4–5, 30, 48, 56, 79, 82, 97, 202, 206

• politeness (incl. anti-politeness)102, 112, 122–125, 127

• possessive24, 39–41, 48

• post-lexical184, 187–188, 196

• postulate irreconcilability6, 8–10, 76

• pragmatics6, 10, 47, 196, 215, 235, 246, 252

• prefix9, 20, 24–25, 35–36, 41, 63–65, 67, 188, 192, 195, 197, 222, 244, 246, 248–249, 251–252

• preposition80, 89, 148, 150, 198, 244

• prepositional
  • phrase75–76, 91–92
  • verb76, 83–85, 95

• Principle of No Synonymy81, 88

• processing34, 47, 210

• productivity4–6, 8, 12–13, 22–23, 42–43, 47–48, 52–59, 61, 65, 68, 70, 74, 105, 115–116, 118, 136, 141, 153, 165–166, 183, 186–187, 189, 191–192, 202, 209, 211, 238

• prohibition13, 107, 188, 192, 197, 202

• promiscuity182, 216–217, 221, 229

• pronoun113–114, 220, 222, 224, 228

• proposition31, 52, 200

• prosodic108, 109, 184, 189, 191–192, 202

• prototypicality177, 182, 196–197, 208, 217, 225

• pseudo-participle9, 11, 20, 22–47

• punctuation mark27, 93–94, 97, 224–225

• qualitative20, 23, 26, 31, 39–40, 175, 217, 220–221, 240

• quantitative20, 24, 26, 28, 40, 58, 217, 240

• quotation mark13, 30–34, 168, 173, 176, 225

• recursive132, 141, 153, 181, 195, 197

• redundancy181, 202

• reduplication/reduplicative4, 10, 13, 88, 156–158, 160, 162, 165, 168, 171–172, 176, 181–183, 189, 191–194, 196, 201–203, 223

• referential it 207–208, 210, 213, 218, 220–221, 229;; see also dummy it

• register56, 103, 116, 119, 182, 184, 187, 190, 196, 202

• Repeated Morph Constraint54

• repetition10, 13, 54, 78, 82–83, 88, 92–97, 156, 164, 181–185, 188, 190–198, 201–203, 223

• restriction5, 8, 10–11, 47, 54, 56, 79, 115–116, 119, 133, 184, 217–218, 225, 228, 238

• Right-Hand Head Rule76

• root104–105, 107, 116, 121, 124–127, 133–135, 137–144, 146–153, 167, 182–185, 187–188, 192–193

• rule-governed4, 81, 132

• salience11, 20–24, 28, 40, 42, 44, 46–48, 173, 176, 196, 207, 211, 229

• schema10, 12, 14, 23, 46–47, 66, 74–77, 233–236, 239, 241, 244–252
  • subschema93, 97

• scheme constancy172–173

• schwa107, 116, 164, 185, 190

• scope12, 14, 124–125, 184, 192, 250

• segmental level13, 185, 189–191, 193, 201

• semantics6, 101, 22, 37, 47–48, 102–103, 112, 122–125, 127, 157, 159–160, 166, 188, 195–196, 209, 215, 218, 223, 228, 235, 245–246, 249–250, 252;; see also meaning

• sentence adverb52, 57–58, 60–61, 64–65, 67–70

• S-functor137–138, 141–143, 151–152

• SizeP121, 124

• slang31, 80, 208, 212

• social
  • dimension21, 26, 46
  • distance112, 122–123, 125
  • success3, 21, 26, 53

• sociolect102, 113

• special syntax216–217, 225, 229

• Spell-out103, 105–106, 124–125, 134, 137, 139, 144

• stem allomorphy114, 132, 138, 185–186, 188, 242

• stereotype13, 24, 44–45, 47, 160

• subcategorisation frame/subcategorisation property132, 159

• Subset Principle104, 106, 125

• substandard93, 97, 101–103, 106, 111, 114–115, 182, 202

• suffix doubling83, 94–97

• surprise/surprisal11, 20–23, 34, 46–47, 112

• syllable13, 182, 184, 186–191, 193–194, 201–202
  • doubling189, 194, 202

• syntactic list235, 242, 244, 247–248

• syntax-phonology interface12, 103, 127

• template76, 80, 84, 86–90, 96, 207

• token frequency39–41, 55, 58–59, 61, 84–85, 87

• transitivity14, 24, 42, 47, 208, 214, 217–218, 225, 227–229

• truncation10, 189, 201

• type frequency41, 44, 57–61, 84, 87, 89

• type-token ratio38, 40–42, 57

• umlaut186, 188, 192, 201

• underspecification/underspecified105–106, 114, 191

• Unitary Base Hypothesis8, 76

• Unitary Output Hypothesis8

• Universal Grammar (UG)133, 148

• usage-based11, 13, 22, 185, 207

• variation2–3, 5, 10–11, 86, 89, 91, 109, 115, 132, 138, 155, 215, 218, 222, 225, 228, 238

• verbaliser208, 210–213, 229

• verby (incl. un-verby)10, 13, 208, 210, 216, 208, 218, 225, 228

• VP74, 91
  • modifier52, 57–58, 60–62, 65, 67

• word-based model of morphology14, 251

• word-formation4, 20, 24, 26, 35, 42, 93, 182, 194, 216, 247, 251
  • constraint156
  • pattern22, 156–157
  • process4, 7, 11, 13, 53
  • rule/norm5, 158, 176, 185
  • schema10, 14, 46, 74, 235, 239, 244

• XP-modifier52, 56–58, 60–61, 63–65, 67–70

• Zipf-Mandelbrot extrapolation43

• φ-features134–136