Semantic and Lexical Universals
Theory and empirical findings
Editors
This set of papers represents a unique collection; it is the first attempt ever to empirically test a hypothetical set of semantic and lexical universals across a number of genetically and typologically diverse languages. In fact the word 'collection' is not fully appropriate in this case, since the papers report research undertaken specifically for the present volume, and shaped by the same guidelines. They constitute parallel and strictly comparable answers to the same set of questions, coordinated effort with a common aim, and a common methodology.The goal of identifying the universal human concepts found in all languages, is of fundamental importance, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view, since these concepts provide the basis of the “psychic unity of mankind”, underlying the clearly visible diversity of human cultures. They also allow us to better understand that diversity itself, because they provide a common measure, without which no precise and meaningful comparisons are possible at all. A set of truly universal (or even near-universal) concepts can provide us with an invaluable tool for interpreting, and explaining all the culture-specific meanings encoded in the language-and-culture systems of the world. It can also provide us with a tool for explaining meanings across cultures — in education, business, trade, international relations, and so on.
The book contains 13 chapters on individual languages including Japanese (by Masayuki Onishi), Chinese (by Hilary Chappel), Thai (by Anthony Diller), Ewe (Africa, by Felix Ameka), Miskitu languages of South America (by Kenneth Hall), Australian Aboriginal languages Aranda, Yankunytjatjara and Kayardild (by Jean Harkins & David Wilkins, Cliff Goddard, and Nicholas Evans), the Austronesian languages Samoan, Longgu, Acehnese and Mangap-Mbula (by Ulrike Mosel, Deborah Hill, Mark Durie and Robert Bugenhagen), the Papuan language Kalam (by Andrew Pawley), and, last but not least French (by Bert Peters).In addition to the chapters on individual languages the book includes three theoretical chapters; “Semantic theory and semantic universals” (by Goddard), “Introducing lexical primitives” (by Goddard and Wierzbicka), and “Semantic primitives across languages: a critical review” (by Wierzbicka).
The book contains 13 chapters on individual languages including Japanese (by Masayuki Onishi), Chinese (by Hilary Chappel), Thai (by Anthony Diller), Ewe (Africa, by Felix Ameka), Miskitu languages of South America (by Kenneth Hall), Australian Aboriginal languages Aranda, Yankunytjatjara and Kayardild (by Jean Harkins & David Wilkins, Cliff Goddard, and Nicholas Evans), the Austronesian languages Samoan, Longgu, Acehnese and Mangap-Mbula (by Ulrike Mosel, Deborah Hill, Mark Durie and Robert Bugenhagen), the Papuan language Kalam (by Andrew Pawley), and, last but not least French (by Bert Peters).In addition to the chapters on individual languages the book includes three theoretical chapters; “Semantic theory and semantic universals” (by Goddard), “Introducing lexical primitives” (by Goddard and Wierzbicka), and “Semantic primitives across languages: a critical review” (by Wierzbicka).
[Studies in Language Companion Series, 25] 1994. viii, 510 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins Publishing Company
Table of Contents
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Acknowledgements | p. vii
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Opening StatementAnna Wierzbicka | p. 1
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Part 1: General
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1 Semantic Theory and Semantic UniversalsCliff Goddard | p. 7
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2 Introducing Lexical PrimitivesCliff Goddard and Anna Wierzbicka | p. 31
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Part 2: Individual Language Studies
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3 EweFelix K. Ameka | p. 57
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4 The Exponents of Semantic Primitives in Mangap-MbulaRobert Bugenhagen | p. 87
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Mandarin Semantic PrimitivesHilary Chappell | p. 109
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6 ThaiAnthony Diller | p. 149
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7 AcehneseMark Durie, Bukhari Daud and Mawardi Hasan | p. 171
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8 KayardildNicholas Evans | p. 203
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9 Lexical Primitives in YankunytjatjaraCliff Goddard | p. 229
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10 Preliminary Observations on Lexical and Semantic Primitives in the Misumalpan Languages of NicaraguaKenneth L. Hale | p. 263
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11 Mparntwe Arrernte and the Search for Lexical UniversalsJean Harkins and David P. Wilkins | p. 285
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12 LongguDeborah Hill | p. 311
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13 SamoanUlrike Mosel | p. 331
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14 Semantic Primitives in JapaneseMasayuki Onishi | p. 361
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15 Kalam Exponents of Lexical and Semantic PrimitivesAndrew Pawley | p. 387
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16 Semantic and Lexical Universals in FrenchBert Peeters | p. 423
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Part 3: Review
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17 Semantic Primitives Across Languages: A Critical ReviewAnna Wierzbicka | p. 445
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Notes on Contributors | p. 501
-
Index | p. 505
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1996. Japanese Cultural Scripts: Cultural Psychology and “Cultural Grammar”. Ethos 24:3 ► pp. 527 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2001. Australian Culture and Australian English: A Response to William Ramson. Australian Journal of Linguistics 21:2 ► pp. 195 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2002. Right and wrong: from philosophy to everyday discourse. Discourse Studies 4:2 ► pp. 225 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2003. Singapore English: A semantic and cultural perspective. Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication 22:4 ► pp. 327 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2003. ?Reasonable man? and ?reasonable doubt?: the English language, Anglo culture and Anglo-American law. Forensic Linguistics 10:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
WIERZBICKA, ANNA
2005. Empirical Universals of Language as a Basis for the Study of Other Human Universals and as a Tool for Exploring Cross-Cultural Differences. Ethos 33:2 ► pp. 256 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2005. Universal human concepts as a tool for exploring bilingual lives. International Journal of Bilingualism 9:1 ► pp. 7 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. Being REASONABLE. In English, ► pp. 103 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. Anglo Cultural Scripts Seen through Middle Eastern Eyes. In English, ► pp. 20 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. English,
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. I THINK. In English, ► pp. 204 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. PROBABLY. In English, ► pp. 247 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. The “Cultural Baggage” of English and Its Significance in the World at Large. In English, ► pp. 299 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. Being FAIR. In English, ► pp. 141 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. The Story of right and wrong and Its Cultural Implications. In English, ► pp. 61 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2006. English as a Cultural Universe. In English, ► pp. 3 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2008. Why there are no ‘colour universals’ in language and thought. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14:2 ► pp. 407 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2009. What makes a good life? A cross-linguistic and cross-cultural perspective. The Journal of Positive Psychology 4:4 ► pp. 260 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2009. Language and Metalanguage: Key Issues in Emotion Research. Emotion Review 1:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2009. Exploring English Phraseology with Two Tools. Journal of English Linguistics 37:2 ► pp. 101 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2015. Natural Semantic Metalanguage. In The International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction, ► pp. 1 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2017. Gdy skrypty kulturowe wchodzą w kolizję: Nieporozumienia komunikacyjne w „wielokulturowej” Australii. In Lingwistyka kulturowa i międzykulturowa. Antologia,
Wierzbicka, Anna
2019. The biblical roots of English ‘love’. International Journal of Language and Culture 6:2 ► pp. 225 ff.
Wierzbicka, Anna
2022. I and Thou: Universal human concepts present as words in all human languages. Russian Journal of Linguistics 26:4 ► pp. 908 ff.
[no author supplied]
2001. Dedication. In What Did Jesus Mean?, ► pp. v ff.
[no author supplied]
2001. Epigraph. In What Did Jesus Mean?, ► pp. vii ff.
[no author supplied]
2001. Copyright Page. In What Did Jesus Mean?, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2002. Dedication. In Foundations of Language, ► pp. ii ff.
[no author supplied]
2002. Copyright Page. In Foundations of Language, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2006. Copyright Page. In English, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2012. The Contributors. In Motion Encoding in Language and Space, ► pp. viii ff.
[no author supplied]
2012. Abbreviations. In Motion Encoding in Language and Space, ► pp. xii ff.
[no author supplied]
2012. Copyright Page. In Motion Encoding in Language and Space, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2012. Preface. In Motion Encoding in Language and Space, ► pp. vii ff.
[no author supplied]
[no author supplied]
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 26 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
Subjects
Main BIC Subject
CF: Linguistics
Main BISAC Subject
LAN009000: LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General