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Article published In:
Impersonal human reference in Sign Languages
Edited by Gemma Barberà and Patricia Cabredo Hofherr
[Sign Language & Linguistics 21:2] 2018
► pp. 257–283
Special issue articles

Agent-backgrounding in Turkish Sign Language (TİD)

| Boğaziçi University
| Boğaziçi University | İstanbul Bilgi University
| Boğaziçi University

This paper investigates agent-backgrounding constructions in Turkish Sign Language (TİD). TİD displays many of the agent-backgrounding strategies reported in the literature that signed (and spoken) languages employ (Barberà & Cabredo Hofherr, this volume). Use of non-specific indefinite pronominals is a major strategy, and this paper is the first study that identifies these forms in TİD. Moreover, we show that TİD has ways of marking clusivity distinctions of indefinite arguments, and has a special sign that derives exclusive indefinite pronominals, other. We argue that (i) whereas lateral-high R-locus is unambiguously associated with non-specificity, non-high (lateral and central) loci are underspecified in terms of specificity; (ii) the R-locus of indefinite arguments observed in agent-backgrounding contexts in TİD consists of two spatial features [+high] and [+lateral] which express non-specificity and exclusivity. This study further shows that clusivity, usually associated with personal pronouns, must be extended to indefinite pronouns.

Keywords: impersonal agents, agent-backgrounding, indefinites, non-specificity, clusivity, high R-locus
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.No overt expression of the agent
    • 2.1Null subjects
    • 2.2Agent-reduction
  • 3.Null subjects interpreted as impersonal 3rd person plural pronouns
    • 3.1Plural marking of the verb
    • 3.2Mouthing of the Turkish verb inflected for 3rd person plural
  • 4.First and second person pronouns with generic uses
  • 5.Indefinite agents: Pronouns and/or verb agreement
    • 5.1Non-specific indefinite pronouns
    • 5.2Exclusive-inclusive distinction in indefinite pronouns
      • 5.2.1 other
      • 5.2.2 One lat-high and One central-low
    • 5.3Expressing impersonal agents through agreement
      • 5.3.1Agreement in lateral-high R-locus
      • 5.3.2Single argument agreement verbs signed in high R-locus
  • 6.Discussion of the findings and conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 22 March 2019
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00020.kel
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Saral, Burcu & Meltem Kelepir
2020. The universal quantifier ‘all’ in Turkish Sign Language. In Morphological Complexity within and across Boundaries [Studies in Language Companion Series, 215], ► pp. 354 ff. DOI logo

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