Article published In:
TargetVol. 5:1 (1993) ► pp.1–20
From ‘Is’ to ‘Ought’
Laws, Norms and Strategies in Translation Studies
Translation studies need to cater for both description and evaluation. This can be achieved via the study of translation norms. The norms governing translation are: (a) professional norms concerning the translation process (= norms of accountability, communication and target-source relation); and (b) expectancy norms concerning the form of the translation product, based on the expectations of the prospective readership. While general translation laws account for the behaviour of translators in general, normative laws describe the translation behaviour of a subset of translators, namely, competent professionals, who establish the norms. Normative laws originate in rational, normdirected strategies which are observed to be used by professionals. These laws are empirical, spatio-temporally falsifiable, probabilistic, predictive and explanatory.
Article outline
- 1.Descriptive Plus Evaluative
- 2.Laws and Norms
- 3.Validation of Norms
- 4.Translation Norms
- 4.1.Professional Norms
- 4.2.Expectancy Norms
- 5.A Normative Science
- 6.Strategies and Normative Laws
- 7.Empirical Status
- 7.1.Prediction
- 7.2.Explanation
- 8.Applications
-
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