Article published In:
Translation and Interpreting Studies: Online-First ArticlesAuthenticating otherness
The English translation of Chinese thinking on painting
Chinese painting is a foreign other to the Anglo-American world. This article explores how Chinese thinking on painting is
translated into English and what implications it carries for the English translation of Chinese traditional culture in general.
Early Chinese Texts on Painting, an academic book targeting academics and China enthusiasts, is taken as a case study.
Using the notion of cultural translation as a theoretical foundation, this study finds that three strategies are used to translate Chinese
painting into English: pluralizing meanings of key notions, contextualizing otherness through the recurrence of Taoist, Confucian, and
Chinese literary ideas, and restructuring temporal and thematic ideas. These findings imply that cultural authenticity of foreign otherness
can be approximated despite temporal, cultural, and linguistic distances. This study seeks to provide new answers to generic questions about
the role of language in cross-cultural studies.
Keywords: Chinese painting, cultural translation, cross-cultural invention, cultural hybridity, third space
Article outline
- Introduction
- Cultural translation: A conceptual tool
- Strategies of accommodating Chinese painting in English
- Pluralizing the meanings of key notions
- Contextualizing otherness through the recurrence of Taoist, Confucian, and literary ideas
- Restructuring temporal and thematic ideas in translation
- Implications for translating traditional Chinese culture into English
- Concluding remarks
- Note
-
References
Published online: 29 March 2024
https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.22039.son
https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.22039.son
References (45)
Apter, Emily. 2013. Against
World Literature: On the Politics of Untranslatability. New York: Verso.
Asad, Talal. 1986. “The
concept of cultural translation in British Social
Anthropology.” In Writing Cultures: The Poetics and Politics of
Ethnography, ed. by James Clifford and George. F. Marcus, 141–164. Oakland: University of California Press.
Ashcroft, Bill, Gareth Griffiths, and Helen Tiffin, eds. 1995. The
Post-Colonial Studies Reader. New York: Routledge.
Bachmann-Medick, Doris. 2006. “Meanings
of translation in cultural anthropology.” In Translating
Others, ed. by Theo Hermans, 33–42. Manchester: St. Jerome.
Bush, Susan and Hsio-yen Shih. 2012. Early
Chinese Texts on Painting. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Bush, Susan. 2012. “Preface
to the second edition.” In Early Chinese Texts on
Painting, authored and translated by Susan Bush and H. Shih, ix–x. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Chan, Tak-hung Leo. 2013. “Hidden translation as
academic practice: Translating Xiaoshuo (Small Talk) and American Sinology.” Korea Journal of
Chinese Language and
Literature 31: 1–28.
. 2020. Western Theory in East Asian
Contexts: Translation and Transtextual
Rewriting. London: Bloomsbury.
Delabastita, Dirk. 2008. “Status,
origin, features: Translation and beyond.” In Beyond Descriptive
Translation Studies: Investigations in Homage to Gideon Toury, ed. by Anthony Pym, Miriam Shlesinger and Damiel Simeoni, 233–246. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Gladston, Paul. 2016. “Contemporary
Chinese visual culture and cultural translation.” Modern China
Studies 23(1): 1–5.
Guo, Baoyun. 2020. “深度翻译视角下的中国画名称英译研究” [A study of the English translation of
titles of Chinese painting from the perspective of deep translation]. Journal of Zhejiang
Business Technology
Institute 19(3): 13–16.
He, Changqun. 1999. 魏晋清谈思想初论 [On the qingtan Idea of the Wei and Jin
Dynasties]. Beijing: Commercial Press.
Hermans, Theo. 2003. “Cross-cultural
translation studies as thick translation.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African
Studies 66(3): 380–389.
Heubel, Fabian and Xuetao Li. 2011. “‘Hanxue’ yu ‘Guoxue’: Li Xuetao yu He Fabi duitan” [Sinology and Chinese Studies: Dialogue Between Li Xuetao and Fabian
Heubel]. Zhonghuadushubao 171: 18.
Hui, Juan and Xiaoqing Jia. 2019. “论中国画术语的英译” [On the English translation of Chinese
painting terms]. Chinese Science & Technology Translators
Journal 32(1): 44–51.
Ingold, Tim. 1993. “The
art of translation in a continuous world.” In Beyond Boundaries:
Understanding, Translation, and Anthropological Discourse, ed. by Gísli Pálsson, 210–230. Providence: Berg.
Ke, Xiaogang. 2020. 生命的默化:当代社会的古典教育 [The Cultivation of Life: Classics Education in
Modern Society]. Shanghai: Tongji University Press.
Lienhardt, Godfrey. 1954. “Modes
of thought.” In The Institutions of Primitive Society: A Series of
Broadcast Talks, ed. by E. E. Evans-Pritchard et al., 95–107. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Liu, Yameng. 1999. “Justifying
my position in your terms: Cross-cultural argumentation in a globalized
world.” Argumentation 131(1999): 297–315.
Longinovic, Tomislav. 2002. “Fearful
asymmetries: A manifesto of cultural translation.” Journal of the Midwest Modern Language
Association 35 (2): 5–12.
Shen, Xinyou. 2020. 芥子园画谱 [Manual of the Mustard Seed
Garden]. Beijing: People’s Fine Arts Publishing House.
Shih, Hsio-yen. 1995. “Translation
of Chinese texts on calligraphy and painting.” In An Encyclopedia of
Translation: Chinese-English· English-Chinese, ed. by Sin-Wai Chan and David. E. Pollard, 267–276. Hong Kong: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press.
Song, Ge. 2020. “Re-conceptualizing
foreignness: Strategies and implications of translating Chinese calligraphic culture into English since the twentieth
century.” Perspectives: Studies in Translation Theory and
Practice 28(5): 777–791.
. 2021. “Cosmopolitan
translation in multilingual cities: A Macao experience.” Language and Intercultural
Communication 22(1): 35–49.
Sturge, Kate. 2007. Representing
Others: Translation, Ethnography and the
Museum. Manchester: St. Jerome.
Trivedi, Harish. 2007. “Translating
culture vs. cultural translation.” In Translation: Reflections,
Refractions, Transformations, ed. by Paul St-Pierre and Prafulla C. Kar, 277–287. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Vidal Claramonte, MªCarmen África. 2022. Translation and Contemporary Art:
Transdisciplinary
Encounters. London: Routledge.
Wei, Shu. 2013. “符际翻译视域下中国画作品借鉴英译初探” [A study on English translation of
introduction of Chinese paintings from the perspective of intersemiotic translation]. Journal of
Anhui University of Technology (Social Sciences
Edition) 30(6): 74–75.
Weng, Chen. 2021. “从中国画论西传阐释到 ‘间性文本’ 的生成及规定 — 以 《芥子园画传》 英译本 ‘树谱’为例” [From
the Western interpretation of Chinese painting theory to the generation and regulation of an “inter-textual text” – Examples
of the “Volume of Tree” in the English Translation of The Mustard Seed Garden Manual of
Painting
]. Journal of Aesthetics and Art
Review 221: 128–209.
Zhang, Manhua. 2021. 中国画论中的审美品鉴特征与方法析要 [Appreciating features and methods of
appreciating Chinese theories on painting]. Journal of Nanjing Art
College 51: 146–151.
Zhang, Mingwei. 2018. “‘一带一路’ 视域下中国画论典籍的译介生态体系构建研究 —以清代石涛的《画语录》为例” [A Study on
building an ecological translation system of Chinese classics of painting theories in the context of the ‘Belt and Road’
Initiative – A case study of Shi Tao’s painting Huayulu]. Journal of Nanjing Institute of
Technology (Social Sciences
Edition) 18(1): 23–26.
. 2020. “中国画论典籍的文本特点及美国汉学家考尔曼的翻译策略研究” [A study on the textual
features of Chinese classics of painting theories and American Sinologist Coleman’s translation
strategies]. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences
Edition) 20(4): 1–6.
Zhang, Yijing. 2019. “‘气韵生动’ 概念的西译与现代阐释” [Western translation and modern
interpretation of the concept of ‘A Sense of Movement Through Spirit Consonance’]. Journal of
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Social Sciences
Edition) 21(2): 85–90.
Zhao, Xiaolu. 2017. “文化视域下中国画艺术的翻译研究” [A Study of Translating Chinese Painting
into English from a Cultural Perspective]. Journal of Hunan University of Science and
Engineering 38(1): 150–153.