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Uralic Essive and the Expression of Impermanent State
Edited by Casper de Groot
[Typological Studies in Language 119] 2017
► pp. 283–307

Chapter 12
The Komi answer to the essive question

This chapter describes forms and constructions in Komi, a language without an essive or translative case marker, where other Uralic languages may use the essive or translative. The description of the properties of these forms and construc-tions follows the linguistic questionnaire that captures the contexts in which essive and translative markers may occur in the Uralic languages. The study spe-cifically investigates the opposition between permanent and impermanent state in non-verbal predications. The linguistic domains involved are non-verbal main predication, secondary predication, complementation, and manner, temporal, and circumstantial adverbial phrases. Finally, the syntactic position of elements marked by this form is discussed in relation to the position of focus constituents.
Keywords: Komi, depictive, instrumental case, impermanent state
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1The case system of Komi
    • 1.2The distribution of the instrumental and other relevant cases
    • 1.3General characterization of the functions in Komi: From locative *-n to instrumental and inessive
  • 2.Non-verbal predication
    • 2.1Case marking in non-verbal predications
    • 2.2Agreement phenomena
  • 3.Secondary predication
    • 3.1Depictives
      • 3.1.1Depictives coreferential with the subject
      • 3.1.2Depictives coreferential with the object
    • 3.2Converbs as depictives
  • 4.Predicative complements
  • 5.Adverbials
    • 5.1General
    • 5.2Instrumental in manner adverbials
  • 6.Temporality and location
    • 6.1Instrumental in temporal adverbials
      • 6.1.1The use of the instrumental to express a segment in time is common in Komi-Zyryan (and Udmurt), and most regular in Komi-Permyak
      • 6.1.2For time-frame adverbials the instrumental is used, however only in Komi
      • 6.1.3Instrumental has a sociative-temporal meaning, where the event time is determined by another event
      • 6.1.4The instrumental is used in Komi in a distributive-temporal meaning: periods that last and are repeated at intervals, with plural temporal expression
    • 6.2Instrumental in locational adverbials
  • 7.Instrumental in simile expressions
  • 8.Word order
  • 9.Conclusion and final remarks
  • References
  • Sources of examples
Published online: 30 November 2017
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.119.12lei
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