Chapter 3
A Russian-speaking nation?
The promotion of the Russian language and its significance for ongoing efforts at Russian nation-building
The study explores Russia’s language policy in its connection to the nation-building project. The data demonstrate that, in the recent years, the policy-makers have increased their efforts at strengthening the position of Russian both in Russia and abroad. The policy analysis reveals that the intention is to use the language as a tool to foster national identity. However, this might be not as easy a task as one might assume because language itself influences the choice of strategy in the nation-building process.
Article outline
- Introduction
- 1.Language, nation, and the state
- 1.1Nation-building and language policy in Russia
- 1.2Legal institutional framework
- 1.3Language ideologies and state languages
- 2.An analysis of the language policy in three contexts
- 2.1Policy towards the “peoples of Russia”
- 2.1.1Sociolinguistic situation
- 2.1.2Language planning
- 2.2Policy towards migrants
- 2.2.1Sociolinguistic situation
- 2.2.2Language planning
- 2.3Policy towards “compatriots abroad” and beyond
- 2.3.1Sociolinguistic situation
- 2.3.2Language planning
- 3.Policy mechanisms of identity-building
- 3.1From problems to goals
- 3.2From resources to tools
- 3.3From actions to results
- Conclusion
-
References
References (27)
References
Analytical Note (2012). “Analiticheskaia zapiska s opisaniem i otsenkoi osobennostei funktsionirovaniia russkogo iazyka kak gosudarstvennogo iazyka Rossiiskoi Federatsii na sovremennom etape razvitiia rossiiskogo obshchestva s privedionnym perechnem istochnikov literatury”, available at: [URL], last accessed 25 November 2015.
Arefiev, Aleksandr (2012). Russkii iazyk na rubezhe XX-XXI vekov. Moscow: Tsentr sotsialnogo prognozirovaniia i marketinga.
Blommaert, Jan, and Jef Verschueren (1998). “The Role of Language in European Nationalist Ideologies”, in: Bambi B. Schieffelin, Kathryn A. Woolard and Paul V. Kroskrity (eds), Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory, pp. 189–210. New York: Oxford University Press.
Brubaker, Rogers (1996). Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Guboglo, Mikhail (1998). Iazyki etnicheskoi mobilizatsii. Moscow: Iazyki russkoi kultury.
Haarmann, Harald (1992). “Measures to Increase the Importance of Russian within and outside the Soviet Union – a Case of Covert Language Spread Policy”, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 95 (1): 109–129.
Koenig, Matthias (2000). “Social Conditions for the Implementation of Linguistic Human Rights through Multicultural Policies: The Case of the Kyrgyz Republic”, in: Sue Wright (ed.), Language Policy and Language Issues in the Successor States of the Former USSR, pp. 57–84. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Kolstø, Pål (2005). “Nation-Building in Russia”, in: Pål Kolst ø and Helge Blakkisrud (eds), Nation-building and Common Values in Russia, pp. 2–27. Lanham MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Laitin, David (1998). Identity in Formation: The Russian-Speaking Population in the Near Abroad. Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press.
Laruelle, Marlene (2009). In the Name of the Nation: Nationalism and Politics in Contemporary Russia. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Malinova, Olga (2010). “Simvolicheskaia politika i konstruirovanie makropoliticheskoi identichnosti v postsovetskoi Rossii”, Polis, 2: 90–105.
March, Luke (2012). “Nationalism for Export? The Domestic and Foreign Policy Implications of the New ‘Russian Idea’”, Europe-Asia Studies, 64 (3): 401–425.
Pavlenko, Aneta (2008). “Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries: Language Revival, Language Removal, and Sociolinguistic Theory”, The International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 11 (3/4): 275–314.
Population Census (2002). “Natsionalnyi sostav naseleniia i vladenie iazykami, grazhdanstvo. Itogi Vserossiiskoi perepisi naseleniia 2002 goda”, 4 (1). Moscow: Statistika Rossii, 2004.
Population Census (2010). “Naselenie Rossiiskoi Federatsii po vladeniiu iazykami: Prilozhenie 6. Informatsionnye materialy ob okonchatelnykh itogakh Vserossiiskoi perepisi naseleniia 2010 goda”, available at: [URL], last accessed 25 November 2015.
Rannut, Mart (2008). “Estonianization Efforts Post-Independence”, in: Aneta Pavlenko (ed.), Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries, pp. 149–165. Bristol: Multilingual Matters..
Ryazanova-Clarke, Lara (2014). “The Russian Language Challenged by Globalisation”, in: Lara Ryazanova-Clarke (ed.), The Russian Language outside the Nation, pp. 1–30. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Shevel, Oxana (2011). “Russian Nation-building from Yel’tsin to Medvedev: Ethnic, Civic or Purposefully Ambiguous?”, Europe-Asia Studies, 63 (2): 179–202.
Snetkov, Aglaya (2015). Russia’s Security Policy Under Putin: A Critical Perspective. London: Routledge.
Tishkov, Valerii (2013). “Reformirovanie etnicheskoi politiki v Rossii”, in: Valerii Tishkov and Valerii Stepanov (eds), Etnopoliticheskaia situatsiia v Rossii i sopredelnykh gosudarstvakh v 2012 godu. Ezhegodnyi doklad Seti etnologicheskogo monitoringa i rannego preduprezhdeniia konfliktov, pp. 13–18. Moscow: RAS Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology.
Tolz, Vera (2001). Russia: Inventing the Nation. London: Arnold Publishers.
Verkhovskii, Aleksandr (2014). “Etnopolitika federalnoi vlasti i aktivizatsiia russkogo natsionalizma”, Pro et Contra, 1: 19–33.
Vishnevskii, Anatolii (ed.) (2013). Naselenie Rossii 2010–2011. 18–19 iezhegodnyi demograficheskii doklad. Moscow: Higher School of Economics.
Yatsenko, Yelena B., Aleksandr A. Khrgiyan, Vitalii A. Kurennoy, Yelena V. Kozievskaya and Kirill A. Gavrilov (2008). Russkiy yazyk v novykh nezavisimykh gosudarstvakh. Moscow: Fond “Nasledie Ervazii”.
Zakharov, Sergei (ed.) (2015). Naselenie Rossii 2013. 21 iezhegodnyi demograficheskii doklad. Moscow: Higher School of Economics.
Zamyatin, Konstantin (2014). An Official Status for Minority Languages? A Study of State Languages in Russia’s Finno-Ugric Republics. Helsinki: Finno-Ugrian Society.
Zamyatin, Konstantin (2015). “The Evolution in Language Ideology of Post-Soviet Russia: The Fate of the State Languages of the Republics”, in: Heiko F. Marten, Michael Rießler, Janne Saarikivi and Reetta Toivanen (eds), Cultural and Linguistic Minorities in the Russian Federation and the European Union, pp. 279–313. Cham-Heidelberg-New York-Dordrecht-London: Springer International.
Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Malakhov, Vladimir & Alexander Osipov
2024.
Managing Ethnic Diversity in Post-Soviet Context: The Cases of Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan.
Problems of Post-Communism 71:5
► pp. 405 ff.
Osipov, Alexander
2024.
An Anatomy of Consent: The State and Formerly Deported Peoples in Russia.
Europe-Asia Studies 76:6
► pp. 909 ff.
Vardøy, Benedikte Fjellanger
2021.
Mapping young Russians’ perceptions of regional variation in Russian.
Journal of Linguistic Geography 9:1
► pp. 50 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 29 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.