Index
A
- African American English
20, 213
- non-standard verbal concord
214
- African American English, Earlier
247
- African American English, Rural
247
- African American English, Urban
247
- American English
120
- Appalachian English
127, 247
- Anglophone Caribbean
261
- English lexifier creoles
270
C
- corpora
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
153
- Australian National Corpus
164
- Corpus of Earlier African American English-Letters
240
- Corpus of Earlier African American English-Liberia, Transcribed Speech
240
-
ain’t as generic indicator
251
- comparison with other varieties via WAVE247
- comparison with semi-literate letters
252
- existential/presentational there
249
- features in semi-literate letters
244
- zero marking of third person singular
250
- Corpus of Early English Correspondence
3, 142
- Corpus of Historical American English
124
- Corpus of Irish English
151
- Corpus of Irish English Correspondence
2, 119, 125, 164, 192
- the McCullough letters
202
- Corpus of Nineteenth-century Scottish Correspondence
68
- Corpus of Older African American Letters
20, 214
- authenticity of variation
217
- heterogeinity of letters
221
- non-standard verbal concord
229
- Northern Subject Rule
223
- second person plural pronouns
226
- second person singular pronouns
222
- the Skipworth Family letters
225
- zero marking on third person singular
228
- Corpus of Oz Early English
164
- Dictionary of American Regional English
38
- Hamburg Corpus of Irish English
4
- Interesting Items Visualisation Tool
88
- Irish Emigration Database
126, 193
- nineteenth-century Scottish emigrants’ letters
68
-
Oceans of Consolation
166
- Origins of New Zealand English
186
- Panama Letters
263
- further grammatical features
281
- past tense marker – variable (-ed)
269
- geographical distribution
279
- phonological environment
278
- temporal disambiguation
275
- relationship to vernacular usage
266
- Petworth Emigration to Canada Corpus
19
- Southern Plantation Overseer Corpus
226
- Survey of Irish English Usage
148
- the Lough letters
88
- Annie Lough Collection
90
- Julia Lough Collection
90
- UCREL Semantic Analysis System
96
- work with small corpora
117
- World Atlas of Varieties of English
219, 240
D
- demography
- Irish and Maori in New Zealand
199
- Irish emigration to America
88
- Irish-Argentine community
141
- nineteenth century emigration
- switch to Spanish in Argentina
141
- dictionaries
- Oxford English Dictionary
153
E
- emigrant letters
- contact with source community
142
- difference from familiar letters
4
- education levels of writers
68
- expression of appreciation
73
- expression of emotion
88, 96
- objects and activities
104
- features of Irish-Australian letters
179
- inclusive and exclusive we
75
- Irish migrant correspondence (Miller)
12, 88
- issues surrounding orthography
165
- memory and personal identity
6
- National Library of Ireland material
11, 14
- orality considerations
143
- Principle of Filter Removal (Schneider)
220
- recipients versus addressees
69
- spelling and punctuation
11
- status as ‘imagined speech’
127
- theoretical approaches
87
- time lapse for letters
76
- view of the source country
78
G
- grammar
- negation
- distribution in late twentieth-century Englishes
123
- percentage of variants
134
- Northern Subject Rule
130, 145, 146, 170
H
- Irish English
- grammar
14
- absence of personal pronoun
16
-
after perfective
148, 150, 173
- auxiliary be for have
176
- comparatives with than what
176
- copula and auxiliary be deletion
176
- finite verb form deletion
194, 200
-
for to infinitives
17, 174, 194
- infinitive for finite verb form
16
- lack of indefinite article
16, 175
- lack of present perfect
173
- non-standard verbal concord
17, 170, 197
- occurrence with compound subjects
204
- occurrence with there
203
- question word order in sentential complements
17, 174
- second person plural pronouns
17, 169
- subordinating and
148, 149, 177
- topicalisation strategies
178
- unbound reflexive pronouns
154
- unmarked third person singular
16
- grammatical features
- non-standard verbal concord
198, 201
- indication of pronunciation
14
- phonology
165
- pre-rhotic /a/-raising
168
- short vowel ~ /r/ metathesis
167
- unraised Middle English long mid vowel
17, 166
- transportation overseas
144
L
- Liberian English, Vernacular
247
- Liberian Settler English
247
N
- New Zealand English
121, 170, 187
S
- sociolinguistics
- Irish English in contact with Spanish
155
- linguistic innovation
128
- networks and coalitions
5
- new dialect formation
164, 186
- Dynamic Model
187
- Phase 2 (exonormative stabilisation)
205
- post-colonial varieties
121, 185
- vernacular correspondence
163
- Southern White Vernacular English
226