Chapter published in:
Eye-tracking in Interaction: Studies on the role of eye gaze in dialogue
Edited by Geert Brône and Bert Oben
[Advances in Interaction Studies 10] 2018
► pp. 197–232

Chapter 9
Gaze, addressee selection and turn-taking in three-party interaction

In this paper, I argue that gaze behavior in multiparty interaction is essential for addressee selection and for next-speaker selection by current speaker. The two conversational tasks are related, but – at least in longer turns – not identical and should be distinguished analytically. In multiparty interaction, addressee selection by gaze is a non-trivial issue, as most bodily arrangements make it hard or impossible for the current speaker to look at all (intended) addressees at the same time. As a solution to this problem, current speakers alternatingly look at the co-participants they want to address. For the selection of a next speaker, only the current speaker's gaze during the last phase of the turn is relevant.

Keywords: three-party interaction, turn-taking, next-speakership, conversational analysis, addressee selection
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Gaze and turn-taking: A short overview
  • 3.Speaker gaze in three-party interaction: Addressee selection and next-speaker selection
  • 4.Speakers regularly address more than one co-participant simultaneously, although only one of them can be looked at at a time
    • 4.1Loosely structured sequential contexts
    • 4.2Tightly structured sequential contexts
  • 5.The addressee looked at toward the end of a turn constructional unit is given privileged access to the following turn
    • 5.1Micro-negotiations of turn-taking by gaze
    • 5.2Gaze and the timing of turn-transition
  • 6.Why speaker’s gaze is not always strong enough to select the next speaker
  • 7.Discussion
  • Transcription conventions for gaze (the remainder of the segmental and multimodal transcription follows GAT2, see Selting et al., 2011)
  • Acknowledgments
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 13 November 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/ais.10.09aue
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