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Article published In:
Asian Languages and Linguistics
Vol. 2:2 (2021) ► pp.249–291

Is it possible to prove the Altaic theory on the basis of negative forms in Mongolian, Manchu and Turkish?

Comparison of negative forms in Altaic languages – Part I [*] *

| University of Warsaw

The research question posed in this article is whether the Altaic theory is possible, if it is discussed on the basis of chosen negative forms in Mongolian, Turkish, Manchu and its Sibe dialect. The supporters of the Altaic theory assume that these languages (and some include Japanese, Korean and Ainu to this list (Miller, 1967)) emerged from the same root. The opponents of this theory think that the similarities in these languages have resulted from historical contacts between their speakers (Doerfer, 1966, p. 122). This article consists of the analysis of negative forms in various stages of Mongolian, Manchu and Turkish languages carried out on the basis of literary monuments and contemporary resources. The conclusions concerning the possibility of the Altaic theory based on the described negative forms have been presented at the end, accompanied by the Index of negative particles and suffixes.

Keywords: Altaic languages, negative forms, historical comparative linguistics
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Methodology
  • 2.Comparison of negative forms
    • 2.1Classical Mongolian
      • a.Particle ügei
      • b.Particle ese
      • c.Particle ülü
      • d.Particle busu/bisi
      • e.Particle büü
    • 2.2Middle Mongolian
      • a.Particle ügei
      • b.Particle ese
      • c.Particle ülü
      • d.Particle busu
      • e.Particle büü
    • 2.3Contemporary Mongolian
      • a.Particle (ү)гүй
      • b.Particle эс
      • c.Particle үл
      • d.Particle биш
      • e.Particle бүү
      • f.Particle битгий
      • g.Particle бус
      • h.Nominal form алга with the meaning of deprivation
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • List of abbreviations
  • References
Published online: 27 January 2022
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/alal.21023.dol
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