This paper focusses upon an experiment in which 9 adult non-native speakers of English were required to ‘think aloud’ as they undertook a writing task of an expository kind. The experiment aimed to accumulate data about the sub-processes of writing (planning, rehearsing, revising, re-reading, commenting etc.) in order to understand better what actually happens in the writing process.
(1982) Psychology and composition: past, present and future. In M. Nystrand (ed.) What writers know: the language, process and structure of written discourse. New York, Academic Press: 211–267.
Emig, J.
(1971) The composing processes of twelfth graders. Urbana, Illinois, N.C.T.E.
Flower, L.
(1979) Writer-based prose: a cognitive basis for problems in writing. College English. 411:19–37.
Flower, L. and J.R. Hayes
(1980a) The dynamics of composing: making’ plans and juggling constraints. In L.W. Gregg and E.R. Steinberg (eds.) Cognitive processes in writing. Hillsdale, New Jersey, L. Erlbaum:31–50.
Flower, L. and J.R. Hayes
(1980b) The cognition of discovery: defining a rhetorical problem. College Composition and Communication. 31/1:21–32.
Flower, L. and J.R. Hayes
(1981) A cognitive process theory of writing. College Composition and Communication. 31/5:311–324.
Graves, D.
(1975) An examination of the writing processes of seven-year-old children. Research in the Teaching of English. 9/3:227–241.
Graves, D.
(1983) Writing: children and teachers at work. Exeter, New Hampshire and London, Heinemann Educational Books.
(1987b) Process or genre in teaching ESL students to write? Paper presented at ATESOL 5th Summer School, Sydney.
Horowicz, D.
(1986) Process not product: less than meets the eye, TESOL Quarterly. 21/1:141–144.
Jones, C.S.
(1982) Attention to rhetorical information while composing in a second language. Proceedings of the 4th Los Angeles Second Language Research Forum. Los Angeles. (Cited from prepubllcatlon copy).
Jones, C.S.
(1985) Problems with monitor use in second language composing. In M. Rose (ed.) Studies on writer’s block and other composing process problems. New York, Guildford Press: 96–118.
Jones, C.S. and J. Tetroe
(1987) Composing in a second language. In A. Matsuhashi (ed.) Writing in real time: modelling production processes. New York, Longman: 34–57.
Matsuhashi, A.
(1982) Explorations in the real-time production of written discourse. In M. Nystrand (ed.) What writers know: the language. process and structure of written discourse. New York, Academic Press: 269–290.
Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency
(1965) Form B. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan.
Murray, D.
(1968) A writer teaches writing. Boston, Houghton Mifflin.
Murray, D.
(1978) Internal revision: a process of discovery. In C.R. Cooper and L. Odell (eds.) Research on composing: points of departure. Urbana, Illinois, N.C.T.E.: 85–103.
Murray, D.
(1980) Writing as process. In T.R. Donovan and B.W. McClelland (eds.) Eight approaches to teaching composition. Urbana, Illinois, N.C.T.E.: 3–20.
Perl, S.
(1979) The composing processes of unskilled college writers. Research in the Teaching of English. 13/4:317–336.
Perl, S.
(1980a) A look at basic writers in the process of composing. In L.N. Kasden and D.R. Hoeber (eds.) Basic writing. Urbana, Illinois, N.C.T.E.: 13–32.
Perl, S.
(1980b) Understanding composing. College Composition and Communication. 31/4:363–369.
Perl, S.
(1981) Coding the composing process: a guide for teachers and researchers. Ms written for National Institute of Education, Washington, D.C.
Pianko, S.
(1979) A description of the composing process of college freshman writers. Research in the Teaching of English. 131:5–22.
Plimpton, G.
(ed.) (1977) Writers at work: the Paris review interviews. 4th series introduced by Wilfried Sheed. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, Penguin Books.
Raimes, A.
(1983) Anguish as a second language: remedies for composition teachers. In A. Freedmanet al. (eds.) Learning to write: first language/second language. London and New York, Longman: 258–272.
Raimes, A.
(1985) What unskilled BSL students do as they write: a classroom study of composing. TESOL Quarterly. 19/2:229–258.
Scardamalia, M., C. Bereiter and H. Goelman
(1980) The role of production factors in writing ability. In M. Nystrand (ed.) What writers know: the language, process and structure of written discourse. New York, Academic Press: 173–210.
Sommers, N.
(1980) Revision strategies of student writers and experienced adult writers. College Composition and Communication. 31/4:378–388.
Sommers, N.
(1982) Responding to student writing. College Composition and Communication. 33/2:148–156.
Vygotsky, L.
(1934) (1962)Thought and language. (E. Haufmann and G. Vakar, editors and translators). Cambridge, Massachusetts M.I.T. Press.
Zamel, V.
(1982) Writing: the process of discovering meaning. TESOL Quarterly. 16/2:195–209.
Zamel, V.
(1983) The composing processes of advanced ESL students: 6 case studies. TESOL Quarterly. 17/2:165–187.
Cited by
Cited by 4 other publications
Abdel Latif, Muhammad M.
2009. Toward a New Process-Based Indicator for Measuring Writing Fluency: Evidence from L2 Writers' Think-Aloud Protocols. The Canadian Modern Language Review 65:4 ► pp. 531 ff.
1998. The impact of teacher written feedback on individual writers. Journal of Second Language Writing 7:3 ► pp. 255 ff.
Latif, Muhammad M. M. Abdel
2014. Recent Developments in Writing Fluency Measurement. In Exploring EFL Fluency in Asia, ► pp. 196 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 25 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.