Listening strategies used by adult learners of Japanese to comprehend satellite television programs
This paper identifies listening comprehension strategies from the perspective of cognitive psychology, with a focus on the experience of Australian learners of Japanese as a foreign language (L2). In this study, a listening strategy is conceptualised as a mental operation undertaken by a learner to solve a listening comprehension problem in a non-interactional situation. Reading researchers in L2 identified one of the variables which affects text comprehension as formal schema or discourse organisation of text (Meyer and Freedle, 1984; Carrell and Eisterhold, 1988; Carrell, 1991). However, this variable has not been the subject of intensive and extensive research in L2 listening and consequently, there is little empirical evidence which has explored this important variable. With the increased availability of media technology, satellite programs offer rich content and have the potential to provide such information. This paper investigates how news and drama texts may affect the choice of listener strategies, and discusses how the strategies selected by listeners relate to L2 learners’ language proficiency. To collect data on strategies, an introspective ‘think-aloud’ procedure is used and the results are analysed quantitatively.
References
Anderson, J.R.
(
1995)
Cognitive psychology and its implications (4th ed.). New York, W.H. Freeman.

Bacon, S.M.
(
1992a)
Authentic listening in Spanish: how learners adjust their strategies to the difficulty of the input.
Hispania 751:398–412.


Bacon, S.M.
(
1992b)
Phases of listening to authentic input in Spanish: a descriptive study.
Foreign Language Annals 251:317–333.


Beile, W.
(
1980)
Methodische ûberlegungen zur entwicklung der hörverstehens-fähigkeit.
Zielsprache Deutsch 21:7–15.

Brown, A.L. and A.S. Palincsar
(
1982)
Inducing strategies learning from texts by mean of informed, self control training.
Topics in Leaning and Learning Disabilities 2,1:1–17.

Bryne, H.
(
1984)
The role of listening comprehension: a theoretical base.
Foreign Language Annals 17,4:317–334.


Bucknall, H.
(
1997)
An investigation into strategies used in interactive videodisc (IVD) Tasks for listening comprehension of Japanese as a second language. M.Ph. thesis, Brisbane, Griffith University.

Carrell, P.L. and J.C. Eisterhold
(
1988)
Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy. In
P.L. Carrell,
J. Devine and
D.E. Eskey (eds)
Interactive approaches to second language reading. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.


Carrell, P.L.
(
1991)
Awareness of text structure: effects on recall.
Language Learning 42,1:1–18.


Carrell, P.L.
(
1987)
Content and formal schemata in ESL reading.
TESOL Quarterly 21,3:461–481.


Chafe, W. and J. Danielewicz
(
1987)
Properties of spoken and written language. In
R. Horowitz and
S.J. Samuel (eds)
Comprehending oral and written language. San Diego, Academic Press.

Chamot, A.U. and J.M. O’Malley
(
1996)
The cognitive academic language learning approach (CALLA): a model for linguistically diverse classrooms.
The Elementary School Journal 96,3:259–273.


Conrad, L.
(
1985)
Cues in listening comprehension.
Studies in Second Language Acquisition 71:59–69.


Cziko, G.A.
(
1980)
Language competence and reading strategies comparison of first-and second – language oral reading errors.
Language Learning 30,1:101–114.


Ericsson, K A. and H.A. Simon
(
1980)
Verbal report as data.
Psychological Review 87,3:215–251.


Dunkel, P.
(
1991)
Listening in the native and second/foreign language: toward an integration of research and practice.
TESOL Quarterly 25,3:431–457.


Fujita, J.
(
1984)
A preliminary inquiry into the successful and unsuccessful listening strategies of beginning college Japanese students. Ph. D. thesis, Buffalo, Ohio State University.

Grime, T.
(
1980)
Audio-video correspondence and its role in attention and memory.
Educational Technology Research and Development 38,3:15–25.


Hammadou, J.
(
1991)
Interrelationships among prior knowledge, inference, and language proficiency.
Modern Language Journal 75,1: 27–38.


Japan Foundation
(
1995)
The Japan Foundation Japanese language proficiency test. Tokyo, Japan

Krashen, S.D.
(
1982)
Principles and practice in second language acquisition. New York, Pergamon.

Lee, J.F.
(
1986)
The effects of three components of background knowledge on second language reading.
Modern Language Journal 70,4:350–354.


Long, D.R.
(
1989)
Second language listening comprehension: a schema-theoretical perspective.
Modern Language Journal 73,1:32–40.


Long, D.R.
(
1990)
What you don’t know can’t help you: an exploratory study of background knowledge and second language listening comprehension.
Studies in Second Language Acquisition 12,1:65–80.


Markham, P.I. and M. Latham
(
1987)
The influence of religion-specific background knowledge on listening comprehension of adult second language students.
Language Learning 37,2:157–170.


Meyer, B. and R.O. Freedle
(
1984)
Effects of discourse type on recall.
American Educational Research Journal 21,1:121–143.


Murphy, J.
(
1985)
An investigation into the listening strategies of ESL college students. Ph.D. thesis, Columbia, Columbia University.

O’Malley, J.M. and A.U. Chamot
(
1990)
Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.


O’Malley, J.M., A.U. Chamot and L. Küpper
(
1989)
Listening comprehension strategies in second language acquisition.
Applied Linguistics 10,4:418–437.


Schmidt-Rinehart, B.C.
(
1994)
The effects of topic familiarity of second language listening comprehension.
Modern Language Journal 78,2:179–189.


Schneider, W. and R.M. Shiffrin
(
1977)
Controlled and automatic human information processing: 11. detection, search, and attention.
Psychological Review 841:1–66.


Tompson, I. and J. Rubin
(
1996)
Can strategy instruction improve listening comprehension? Foreign Language Annals 29,3:331–342.


Vandergrift, L.
(
1996)
The listening comprehension strategies of core French high school students.
Canadian Modern Language Review 52,2:200–223.


Weissenreider, M.
(
1987)
Listening to the news in Spanish.
Modern Language Journal 71,1:18–27.


Wolvin, A.D. and G.C. Coakley
(
1995)
Listening (4th ed.). Dubuque, IA, William, C. Brown Publishers.

Cited by
Cited by 1 other publications
Seo, Kyoko
2005.
Development of a Listening Strategy Intervention Program for Adult Learners of Japanese.
International Journal of Listening 19:1
► pp. 63 ff.

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 20 november 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.