The creativity and limitations of AI neural machine translation
A corpus-based study of DeepL’s English-to-Chinese translation of Shakespeare’s plays
Hu Kaibao | Shanghai International Studies University
Li Xiaoqian | Shanghai International Studies University
This study examines the performance of the neural machine translation system DeepL in translating Shakespeare’s
plays Coriolanus and The Merchant of Venice. The aim here is to explore the strengths and
limitations of an AI-based English-Chinese translation of literary texts. Adopting a corpus-based approach, the study investigates
the accuracy and fluency rates, the linguistic features, and the use of various methods of translation in the Chinese translations
of Shakespeare’s plays conducted via DeepL. It compares these to the translations by Liang Shiqiu, a well-known Chinese
translator. The study finds that DeepL performs well in translating these works, with an accuracy and fluency rate of above 80% in
sampled texts, showing the potential of the use of neural machine translation in translating literary texts across distant
languages. Our research further reveals that the DeepL translations exhibit a certain degree of creativity in their use of
translation methods such as addition, explicitation, conversion and shift of perspective, and in the use of Chinese sentence-final
modal particles, as well as Chinese modal verbs. On the other hand, the system appears to be limited in that a certain amount of
translation errors are present, including literal translations.
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