Teacher perceptions of immersion professional development experiences emphasizing language-focused content
instruction
The knowledge and pedagogies needed for immersion classrooms are unique and complex. Although there is a growing body of research
on immersion pedagogy, there is a dearth of research on professional development (PD) experiences that positively impact immersion
teacher practices. This chapter focuses on exploring immersion teacher perceptions of PD experiences in the area of language-focused
content instruction that have a positive impact on their teaching. The theoretical framework guiding the study is “communities of
practice” (CoP) (Wenger, 1998), and survey and focus group data were analyzed in
relation to Wenger’s four realms of CoP (community, practice, meaning, and identity). Findings revealed specific features of high
impact assignments and PD experiences. The chapter concludes with implications for designing meaningful and effective PD experiences
for immersion educators and others who teach in CBI settings.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction: The case for a focus on language in immersion teaching
- 2.Background to the study
- 3.Theoretical framework
- 3.1Defining communities of practice
- 3.2CoP-informed research on teacher learning
- 4.The study
- 4.1Context
- 4.2Research questions
- 4.3Participants
- 4.4Data sources
- 4.4.1Online survey
- 4.4.2Focus groups
- 4.5Data analysis
- 5.Results
- 5.1RQ(a) – High-impact assignments
- 5.2RQ(b) Features of high impact assignments and experiences
- 5.2.1Practice – learning as doing
- 5.2.2Meaning – learning as experience
- 5.2.3Identity – learning as becoming
- 6.Discussion, implications, and conclusion
- 6.1Discussion and reflection on the CoP social theory of learning
- 6.2Limitations
- 6.3Implications for future inquiry and teacher professional development and conclusion
-
Notes
-
References
-
Appendix
References (38)
References
Adair-Hauck, B., Glisan, E. W., & Troyan, F. J. (2013). Implementing
Integrated Performance Assessment. Alexandria, VA: American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.
Allen, P., Swain, M., Harley, B., & Cummins, J. (1990). Aspects
of classroom treatment: Toward a more comprehensive view of second language
education. In B. Harley, P. Allen, J. Cummins, & M. Swain (Eds.), The
development of second language
proficiency (pp. 57–81). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Calderhead, J., & Gates, P. (Eds.). (1993). Conceptualising
reflection in teacher development. Bristol, PA: Falmer.
Cammarata, L., & Tedick, D. J. (2012). Balancing
content and language in instruction: The experience of immersion teachers. Modern Language
Journal, 96(2), 251–269.
Clift, R. T., Houston, W. R., & Pugach, M. C. (Eds.). (1990). Encouraging
reflective practice: An analysis of issues and programs. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Cuddapah, J. L., & Clayton, C. D. (2011). Using
Wenger’s communities of practice to explore a new teacher cohort. Journal of Teacher
Education, 62(1), 62–75.
Escamilla, K., Hopewell, S., Butvilofsky, S., Sparrow, W., Soltero-González, L., Ruiz-Figueroa, O., & Escamilla, M. (2014). Biliteracy
from the start: Literacy squared in
action. Philadelphia: Caslon.
Flint, A. S., Zisook, K., & Fisher, T. R. (2011). Not
a one-shot deal: Generative professional development among experienced teachers. Teaching and
Teacher Education, 27, 1163–1169.
Fortune, T. W., Tedick, D. J., & Walker, C. L. (2008). Integrated
language and content teaching: Insights from the immersion
classroom. In T. W. Fortune & D. J. Tedick (Eds.) Pathways
to multilingualism: Evolving perspectives on immersion
education (pp. 71–96). Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Garet, M. S., Porter, A. C., Desimone, L., Birman, B. F. & Yoon, K. S. (2001). What
makes professional development effective? Results from a national sample of teachers. American
Educational Research
Journal, 38(4), 915–945.
Genesee, F. (1987). Learning
through two languages: Studies of immersion and bilingual education. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Kong, S. (2009). Content-based
instruction: What can we learn from content-trained teachers’ and language-trained teachers’
pedagogies? Canadian Modern Language
Review, 66, 233–269.
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated
learning: Legitimate peripheral
participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Llinares, A., Morton, T., & Whittaker, R. (2012). The
roles of language in CLIL. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lyster, R. (2019). Making research on instructional SLA relevant for teachers through professional development. Language Teaching Research, 23(4), 494–513.
Lyster, R., & Ballinger, S. (2011). Content-based
language teaching: Convergent concerns across divergent contexts. Language Teaching
Research, 15, 279–288.
Lyster, R., Collins, L., & Ballinger, S. (2009). Linking
languages: A bilingual read-aloud project. Language
Awareness, 18, 366–383.
Mak, B., & Pun, S. -H. (2015). Cultivating
a teacher community of practice for sustainable professional development: Beyond planned
efforts. Teachers and
Teaching, 21(1), 4–21.
Nikula, T., Dafouz, E., Moore, P., & Smit, U. (2016). Conceptualising
integration in CLIL and multilingual
education. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
Potowski, K. (2007). Language
and identity in a dual immersion school. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Saldaña, J. (2013). The
coding manual for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
Salomone, A. (1992). Immersion
teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and practices: Results of a descriptive
analysis. In E. B. Bernhardt (Ed.), Life
in language immersion
classrooms (pp. 9–44). Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Shasavar-Arshad, V. (2015). Learning
to bridge language and content: Teachers’ experiences during a professional development initiative on content-based
instruction (Unpublished MA thesis). McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Spilka, I. (1976). Assessment
of second language performance in immersion programs. The Canadian Modern Language
Review, 32(5), 543–561.
Takahashi, S. (2011). Co-constructing
efficacy: A “communities of practice” perspective on teachers’ efficacy beliefs. Teaching and
Teacher Education, 27, 732–741.
Tedick, D. J., & Fortune, T. W. (2013). Bilingual/immersion
teacher education. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The
encyclopedia of applied
linguistics (pp. 438–443). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
Tedick, D. J. & Young, A. I. (2016). Fifth
grade two-way immersion students’ responses to form-focused instruction. Applied
Linguistics, 37(6), 784–807.
Tsui, A. B. M. (2007). Complexities
of identify formation: A narrative inquiry of an EFL teacher. TESOL
Quarterly, 41(4), 657–680.
Wei, R. C., Darling-Hammond, L., Andree, A., Richardson, N., & Orphanos, S. (2009). Professional
learning in the learning profession: A status report on teacher development in the United States and
abroad. Dallas, TX: National Staff Development Council.
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities
of practice: Learning, meaning, and
identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wenger-Trayner, E., & Wenger-Trayner, B. (2015). Communities
of practice: A brief introduction. <[URL]>
Wesely, P. M. (2013). Investigating
the community of practice of world language educators on Twitter. Journal of Teacher
Education, 64(4), 305–318.
Wiggins, G., & McTighe, J. (2005). Understanding
by design (2nd ed.). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Gozdawa-Gołębiowski, Romuald, Małgorzata Foryś-Nogala & Magdalena Walenta
2024.
Investigating Polish EHE teachers’ practices and beliefs. A survey-based analysis..
Journal of English for Academic Purposes 68
► pp. 101354 ff.
Ní Dhiorbháin, Aisling, Sylvaine Ní Aogáin & Pádraig Ó Duibhir
2024.
‘I learned more than the children learned’. A dual-focused professional development initiative to support immersion teachers.
Teacher Development 28:4
► pp. 475 ff.
Ní Dhuinnín, Sarah, TJ Ó Ceallaigh & Sylvaine Ní Aogáin
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 3 september 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.