Index

• academic language 4–5, 146, 152

• academic literacy 9, 35, 116, 146 ; See also language of science; scientific language

• affective 44, 171, 172, 176–179

• assessment: formative assessment 150–151, 152, 158–159
  • summative assessment 150–151, 159

• backwash effect 144, 147, 159, 161

• bilingual teachers 18, 19, 36

• clarification: clarification request 27, 71
  • seek clarification 97, 99, 100, 101, 113

• classroom discourse 70, 172

• classroom talk 72, 76, 80, 86, 87, 88–89, 92, 102, 104–105, 107, 108, 176

• co-construction: co-construction of knowledge 71, 173
  • co-construction of concept meaning127
  • knowledge co-construction89

• Cognitive Discourse Functions (CDFs)45

• collaborative learning 128, 130

• communicative approach 89, 120, 128

• communicative methodology18

• communicative language classrooms33

• communicative language use 44, 55

• Concept + Language Mapping (CLM) 10, 118–120, 129, 137, 175

• CLM approach 118–119, 135–137, 138

• CLM pedagogy 119, 134, 135, 136–137

• concept mapping 116–117, 118, 175

• concept sketch 10, 87, 88, 91, 92, 105, 107, 176

• conceptual scaffolding 8, 75–76, 80, 155

• content objectives 146, 162

• content-oriented episodes 154, 155, 174

• co-teaching 49, 57

• dialogic 88, 89, 120, 129–130

• discursive strategies 172–173

• elicitation 93, 95, 96, 100, 102

• English Medium Instruction (EMI) 2, 3, 18, 19, 64, 135, 136, 144, 148–149

• epistemic 176–177

• explicit instruction29

• explicit instruction of language 5, 32, 33, 38

• explicit language instruction 157, 161, 170

• explicit language scaffolding 157, 158, 161, 162

• explicit teaching 24, 35

• general academic vocabulary 21, 34

• genres 4, 177, 179

• grammatical metaphor20

• Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) 70, 76, 172, 173

• language objectives 145, 146, 161, 162

• language of science 4, 20, 85, 106, 136, 170, 177, 180

• language-aware (content) teacher 64, 66, 70

• language-focused episode (LFE) 9, 21–22, 32–35

• language-oriented episode 152, 155, 156, 177

• meaning-making 86–87, 106, 107, 174–176

• mediate 79, 88, 106

• mediation 71, 75, 78, 80, 173

• modes 86–87, 89, 103, 105, 175

• monolingual teachers 19, 20, 32, 33, 34–36

• multimodal: multimodal literacy 85, 89
  • multimodal representation 170, 180
  • multimodality 8, 89, 103
  • multimodalities175
  • Multimodalities-Extextualisation-Cycle (MEC)8

• negotiation of meaning 19, 28, 37

• nominalization 20, 35 ; See also grammatical metaphor

• non-technical vocabulary 21, 25–27, 28, 33–34

• pedagogical content knowledge 47, 66

• pedagogical language knowledge47

• probing 75, 76, 80, 103, 105, 172

• reformulate 71, 76, 105

• reformulation 80, 102

• registers 4–5, 75

• repetition with variation 119, 134–135

• scaffolded interaction 67, 80, 171, 172

• scaffolding: designed scaffolding 119–120, 128–129, 130, 135, 136, 137
  • instructional scaffolding148
  • interactional scaffolding105
  • linguistic scaffolding8
  • spontaneous scaffolding 10, 120, 130–134, 135, 137, 172

• scaffolding strategies 75–76, 80, 172

• scientific language 46, 73, 170, 177

• semantic patterns117

• semantic relationships 117, 130, 134, 137, 174–176, 179

• semiotic resources 10, 86, 87

• social constructivism86

• social constructivist 6–7, 71, 147

• social semiotics 174–175

• subject-specific terminology146

• subject-specific vocabulary 4, 126 ; See also technical vocabulary

• Systemic Functional Linguistics 4, 35, 173

• talk moves 91, 113, 172

• teacher language awareness 10, 63, 65, 79–80

• teacher questioning 88, 105, 106

• technical vocabulary 20–21, 25, 29, 34, 176

• thematic patterns 10, 116, 117–118, 119, 130–131, 133–134, 135–136

• translanguaging 37, 78, 175, 178

• visual representation 10, 87, 88, 105, 117

• visuals 8, 9, 10