Cover not available
Part of
Child Bilingualism and Second Language Learning: Multidisciplinary perspectives
Edited by Fangfang Li, Karen E. Pollock and Robbin Gibb
[Bilingual Processing and Acquisition 10] 2020
► pp. 113–136

Chapter 7
Phonetic characteristics of filled pauses in Hungarian-English bilingual and Hungarian monolingual speech

| Eötvös Loránd University
| Association for Educational Needs/NILD
| University of California
| University of Houston

We analyzed Hungarian filled pauses produced by monolingual Hungarian-speaking children (ages 6 to 9 years) and their bilingual Hungarian- and English-speaking peers in connected speech samples to investigate whether the hesitations produced by the groups would differ due to cross-linguistic influences on bilingual children’s speech or adhere to the phonology of the target language in both groups. Our results indicated specific effects of English on Hungarian filled pauses of our bilingual participants. At the same time, the Hungarian hesitations produced by both groups largely adhered to the phonology of the target language, reinforcing the notion that speech and language acquisition in bilinguals differs – at least in some respects – from speech patterns produced by monolingual peers (cf. Grosjean, 1989).

Article outline
  • Introduction
    • Hypothesis
  • Method
    • Participants
    • Materials
    • Speech analysis procedure
  • Results
    • V type hesitations
    • V+Cnasal type hesitations
  • Discussion and conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Note
  • References
Published online: 1 December 2020
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/bpa.10.07bon
References

References

Bloomfield, L.
(1935) Language. London: George Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Boersma, P., & Weenink, D.
(2008) Praat: Doing phonetics by computer (Version 5.0.1). Retrieved from [URL]
Bóna, J.
(2014) Kisiskolások spontán beszédének temporális sajátosságai különböző beszédtípusokban [Timing characteristics of 6- to 8-year-olds spontaneous speech in different types of speech samples]. In Szilvia Bátyi, Judit Navracsics, & Melinda Vígh-Szabó (Eds.), Nyelvelsajátítási-, nyelvtanulási- és beszédkutatások. Pszicholingvisztikai tanulmányok IV (pp. 79–89). Budapest – Veszprém, Hungary: Gondolat Kiadó.Google Scholar
(2015) 6–13 éves iskolások megakadásai különböző beszédtípusokban [Dysfluencies in different types of speech samples produced by 6- to 13-year-olds]. Anyanyelv-pedagógia, 8(2). Retrieved from [URL]> (20 August 2017).
Bóna, J., Imre, A., Markó, A., Váradi, V., & Gósy Mária
(2014) GABI – Gyermeknyelvi beszédadatbázis és információtár [Hungarian children’s speech database and information repository]. Beszédkutatás 2014, 246–251.Google Scholar
Bosker, H. R., Pinget, A. F., Quené, H., Sanders, T., & De Jong, N. H.
(2013) What makes speech sound fluent? The contributions of pauses, speed and repairs. Language Testing, 30(2), 159–175. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bunta, F., Davidovich, I., & Ingram, D.
(2006) The relationship between the phonological complexity of a bilingual child’s words and those of the target languages. International Journal of Bilingualism, 10(1), 71–88. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bunta, F., & Ingram, D.
(2007) The acquisition of speech rhythm by bilingual Spanish- and English-speaking four- and five-year-old children. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50(4), 999–1014. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bunta, F., Fabiano-Smith, L., Goldstein, B., & Ingram, D.
(2009) Phonological whole-word measures in 3-year-old bilingual children and their age-matched monolingual peers. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 23(2), 156–175. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Christenfeld, N.
(1996) Effects of a metronome on the filled pauses of fluent speakers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 39(6), 1232–1238. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Clark, H. H., & Tree, J. E. F.
(2002) Using uh and um in spontaneous speaking. Cognition, 84(1), 73–111. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cucchiarini, C., Strik, H., & Boves, L.
(2002) Quantitative assessment of second language learners’ fluency: Comparisons between read and spontaneous speech. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 111(6), 2862–2873. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
De Leeuw, E.
(2007) Hesitation markers in English, German, and Dutch. Journal of Germanic Linguistics, 19(2), 85–114. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Duez, D.
(2001) Acoustico-phonetic characteristics of filled pauses in spontaneous French speech: Preliminary results. In Mark Core (Ed.). Proceedings of DiSS ’01. ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop (ITRW) on Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech (pp. 41–44). Edinburgh: University of Edinburg.Google Scholar
Eklund, R.
(2004) Disfluency in Swedish human-human and human-machine travel booking dialogues (Doctoral dissertation). Linköping University Electronic Press, Linköping, Sweden.Google Scholar
Fletcher, J.
(2010) The prosody of speech: Timing and rhythm. In William J. Hardcastle, John Laver, & Fiona E. Gibbon (Eds.). The handbook of phonetic sciences (2nd ed., pp. 521–602). Singapore: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Francis, D., Carlson, C., Fletcher, J., Foorman, B., Goldenberg, C., Vaughn, S., & Papanicolau, A.
(2005) Oracy/literacy development of Spanish-speaking children: A multi-level program of research on language minority children and the instruction, school and community contexts, and interventions that influence their academic outcomes. Perspectives (The International Dyslexia Association), 31, 8–12.Google Scholar
Furman, R., & Özyürek, A.
(2007) Development of interactional discourse markers: Insights from Turkish children’s and adults’ oral narratives. Journal of Pragmatics, 39(10), 1742–1757. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gildersleeve-Neumann, C., Kester, E., Davis, B., & Peña, E.
(2008) English speech sound development in preschool-aged children from bilingual English-Spanish backgrounds. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 39, 314–328. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gini, C.
(1921) Measurement of inequality of incomes. The Economic Journal, 31(121), 124–126. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, B. A., & Bunta, F.
(2012) Positive and negative transfer in the phonological systems of bilingual speakers. International Journal of Bilingualism, 16(4), 388–401. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gósy, M.
(1984) Hangtani és szótani vizsgálatok hároméves gyermekek nyelveben. [Phonological and morphological analyses of three-year-olds language samples]. Budapest, Hungary: Akadémiai Kiadó.Google Scholar
Gósy, M., Bóna, J., Beke, A., & Horváth, V.
(2014) Phonetic characteristics of filled pauses: the effects of speakers’ age. In Susanne Fuchs, Martine Grice, Anne Hermes, Leonardo Lancia, & Doris Mücke (Eds.), Proceedings of the 10th International Seminar on Speech Production (pp. 150–153). Cologne, Germany: ISSP2014.Google Scholar
Gósy, M., Gyarmathy, D., & Beke, A.
(2016) Az anyanyelv tükröződése az idegen nyelv kitöltött szüneteiben [Reflections of the native language in the filled pauses of the second language]. In K. É. Kiss, A. Hegedűs, & L. Pintér (Eds), Nyelvelmélet és kontaktológia 3 (pp. 155–178). Budapest – Piliscsaba, Hungary: Szent István Társulat.Google Scholar
Grosjean, F.
(1989) Neurolinguists, beware! The bilingual is not two monolinguals in one person. Brain and Language, 36(1), 3–15. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hambly, H., Wren, Y., McLeod, S., & Roulstone, S.
(2012) The influence of bilingualism on speech production: A systematic review. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 48(1), 1–24. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Horváth, V.
(2010) Filled pauses in Hungarian: Their phonetic form and function. Acta Linguistica Hungarica, 57(2), 288–306. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(2017) Megakadásjelenségek és időzítési sajátosságaik 6–9 éves gyermekek spontán narratíváiban [Dysfluencies and their timing in the spontaneous samples of 6- to 9-year-olds]. In J. Bóna (Ed.). Új utak a gyermeknyelvi kutatásokban (pp. 97–120). Budapest, Hungary: ELTE Eötvös Kiadó.Google Scholar
Hudson Kam, C. L., & Edwards, N. A.
(2008) The use of uh and um by 3-and 4-year-old native English-speaking children: Not quite right but not completely wrong. First Language, 28(3), 313–327. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Johnson, C., & Lancaster, P.
(1998) The development of more than one phonology: A case study of a Norwegian-English bilingual child. International Journal of Bilingualism, 2, 265–300. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kormos, J., & Dénes, M.
(2004) Exploring measures and perceptions of fluency in the speech of second language learners. System, 32(2), 145–164. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Künzel, H. J.
(1987) Sprechererkennung: Grundzüge forensischer Sprachverarbeitung. [Speaker recognition: Basic features of forensic speech processing]. Heidelberg, Germany: Kriminalistik-Verlag.Google Scholar
Lengyel, Z.
(1981) A gyermek nyelve [Child language]. Budapest, Hungary: Gondolat Kiadó.Google Scholar
Levelt, W. J. M.
(1989) Speaking: From intention to articulation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lléo, C., & Kehoe, M.
(2002) On the interaction of phonological systems in child bilingual acquisition. International Journal of Bilingualism, 6(3), 233–237. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
MacWhinney, B., & Osser, H.
(1977) Verbal planning functions in children’s speech. Child Development 48(3), 978–985. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Meisel, J.
(2004) The bilingual child. In T. K. Bhatia & W. C. Ritchie (Eds.), The handbook of bilingualism (pp. 91–113). Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Miller, J. F., Heilmann, J., Nockerts, A., Iglesias, A., Fabiano, L., & Francis, D. J.
(2006) Oral language and reading in bilingual children. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 21(1), 30–43. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Miller, J. F., & Iglesias, A.
(2010) Systematic analysis of language transcripts (SALT), Research Version 2010 [Computer software]. Madison WI: SALT Software, LLC.Google Scholar
Paradis, J.
(2001) Do bilingual two-year-olds have separate phonological systems? International Journal of Bilingualism, 5, 19–38. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Riazantseva, A.
(2001) Second language proficiency and pausing a study of Russian speakers of English. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 23(4), 497–526. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Roggia, A. B.
(2012) Eh as a polyfunctional discourse marker in Dominican Spanish. Journal of Pragmatics, 44(13), 1783–1798. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rose, R.
(2015) Temporal variables in first and second language speech and perception of fluency. In Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Retrieved from [URL]> (11 June 2020).
Shillcock, R., Kirby, S., McDonald, S., & Brew, C.
(2001) Filled pauses and their status in the mental lexicon. In: Proceedings of DiSS ’01 Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech. University of Edinburgh, Scotland. 53–56.Google Scholar
Shriberg, E.
(2001) To ‘errrr’is human: Ecology and acoustics of speech disfluencies. Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 31(1), 153–169. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Swerts, M., Wichmann, A., & Beun, R. J.
(1996) Filled pauses as markers of discourse structure. In H. T. Bunnel & W. Idsardi (Eds.), Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (Vol. 2, pp. 1033–1036). New Castle, DE: Citation Delaware. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Szabó, K.
(2008) Megakadásjelenségek nyolcévesek spontán beszédében [Dysfluencies in the spontaneous speech of 8-year-olds]. Anyanyelv-pedagógia 2008(2). [URL]> (11 June 2020).
Szende, T.
(1994) Illustrations of the IPA: Hungarian. Journal of the International Phonetic Alphabet, 24(2). 91–94. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Tavakoli, P.
(2010) Pausing patterns: Differences between L2 learners and native speakers. ELT journal, 65(1), 71–79. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Trofimovich, P., & Baker, W.
(2006) Learning second language suprasegmentals: Effect of L2 experience on prosody and fluency characteristics of L2 speech. Studies in second language acquisition, 28(1), 1–30. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
(2007) Learning prosody and fluency characteristics of second language speech: The effect of experience on child learners’ acquisition of five suprasegmentals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 28(2), 251–276. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Van Der Wege, M. M., & Ragatz, E. C.
(2004) Learning to be fluently disfluent. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 26, 1647.Google Scholar
Veiga, A., Candeias, S., Lopes, C., & Perdigão, F.
(2011) Characterization of hesitations using acoustic models. Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, ICPhS XVII, 2054–2057.Google Scholar
Ward, N.
(2000) The challenge of non-lexical speech sounds. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 2, 571–574.Google Scholar
Watanabe, M., Hirose, K., Den, Y., & Minematsu, N.
(2008) Filled pauses as cues to the complexity of upcoming phrases for native and non-native listeners. Speech Communication, 50(2), 81–94. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wu, C. H.
(2008) Filled pauses in L2 Chinese: A comparison of native and non-native speakers. Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics, 1, 213–227.Google Scholar
Cited by

Cited by 1 other publications

Foursha-Stevenson, Cass, Elena Nicoladis, René Trombley, Kurt Hablado, Derek Phung & Kaley Dallaire
2023. Pronoun comprehension and cross-linguistic influence in monolingual and bilingual children. International Journal of Bilingualism ► pp. 136700692311709 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 15 april 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.