Article outline

• 4.1What’s in this chapter
• 4.2Statistical and grammatical learning at the FGI
• 4.3A four-step operation
  • 4.3.1STEP 1: Inactivated labels
  • 4.3.2STEP 2: Building chunks
  • 4.3.3STEP 3: Variation sets
  • 4.3.4STEP 4: Contingency learning
• 4.4Labeling takes time
• 4.5Why variation sets?
• 4.6Variation sets in language acquisition
• 4.7Variation sets and frequent frames
• 4.8Theoretical implications for the use of variation sets
• 4.9Variation sets and contingency learning of asymmetric chunks are a perfect match
• 4.10To sum up