Drawing on insights from historical film audience studies, this chapter aims to explore the role AVT has had in shaping the viewing experience of film audiences in the past, as well as the methods available to researchers for investigating AVT reception in a historical perspective. The chapter is organized into three main sections. Part 1 provides an overview of the range of studies on historical reception and AVT. It is argued that, although there has been wide and growing interest in the lived experiences of film audiences, little attention has been paid to translation and its implication for the reception of films and television products. In Part 2, selected studies conducted by film and AVT scholars are reported to explore how the issue of translation has affected the reception of films as well as the movie-going experience in different cultural contexts and in reference to different translation modes. Part 3 deals with theories, methods and research practices, looking at the vast array of empirical methods that have been employed in historical reception studies. Research methods based on classical sources such as press reviews, interviews, and articles are here illustrated, highlighting their potential and limitations compared to other methodologies. Studies dealing with different research approaches are reported to show how existing methods can be used in historical research and to consider whether new approaches can be devised.
1991Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
Balio, Tino
2010The Foreign Film Renaissance on American Screens 1946–1973. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
Barker, Martin
2010 “ ‘Typically French’?: Mediating Screened Rape to British Audiences.” In Rape in Art Cinema, ed by Dominique Russell, 145–158. New York: Continuum.
Barnier, Martin
2013 “Versions multiples et langues en Europe.” Mise au point 5. Online at [URL] (last accessed on 31 January 2017).
Betz, Mark
2001 “The Name above the (Sub)Title: Internationalism, Coproduction, and Polyglot European Art Cinema.” Camera Obscura 46 (16): 1–44.
Biltereyst, Daniel, Meers, Philippe and Van de Vijver, Lies
2011 “Social Class, Experiences of Distinction and Cinema in Postwar Ghent.” In Explorations in New Cinema History: Approaches and Case Studies, ed by Richard Maltby, Daniel Biltereyst and Philippe Meers, 101–124. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
Blinn, Miika
2009Dubbed or duped? Path dependence in the German film market. An inquiry into the origins, persistence, and effects of the dubbing standard in Germany. PhD Thesis, Freien Universität Berlin. Online at [URL].
Bouchard, Vincent
2010 “Commentary and Orality in African Film Reception.” In Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty First Century: Art Films and the Nollywood Video Revolution, ed by Ralph Austen and Mahir Saul, 95–107. Athens: Ohio University Press.
Châteauvert, Jean and Gaudreault, André
2001 “The Noises of Spectators, or the Spectator as Additive to the Spectacle.” In The Sounds of Early Cinema, ed by Richard Abel and Rick Altman, 183–191. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
Chomentowski, Gabrielle
2014 “Du cinéma muet au cinéma parlant: La politique des langues dans les films soviétiques.” Cahiers du monde russe 55 (3/4): 295–320.
Colvin, J. Brandon
2013 “Examining Ethnic Exhibition: The Success of Scandinavian-Language Films at Chicago’s Julian Theater in the 1930s.” Film History: An International Journal 25 (3): 90–125.
Cornu, Jean-François
2011 “Le public ? Quel public ? De l’influence négligeable des spectateurs sur les stratégies de traduction audiovisuelle des films en France.” In Traduction et médias audiovisuels, ed by Adriana Şerban and Jean-Marc Lavaur, 21–35. Villeneuve d’Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.
Cornu, Jean-François
2014Le doublage et le sous-titrage. Histoire et esthétique. Rennes: PUR.
Danan, Martine
1991 “Dubbing as an Expression of Nationalism.” Meta 36 (4): 606–614.
Danan, Martine
1996 “A la recherche d’une stratégie internationale : Hollywood et le marché français des années trente.” In Les transferts linguistiques dans les médias audiovisuels, ed by Yves Gambier, 109–130. Paris: Presses universitaires du Septentrion.
de Luna Freire, Rafael
2015 “The Introduction of Film Subtitling in Brazil.” Trans. Rita Isadora Pessoa. MATRIZes 9 (1): 187–210. Online at [URL] doi:
Dibbets, Karel
1997 “The introduction of sound.” In The Oxford History of World Cinema, (ed )Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, 211–219. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ďurovičová, Natasa
1992 “Translating America: the Hollywood Multilinguals 1929–1933.” In Sound Theory, Sound Practice, ed by Rick Altman, 139–153, 261–266. London/New York: Routledge.
Ďurovičová, Natasa
2009 “Vector, Flow, Zone: Towards a History of Cinematic Translation.” In World Cinemas, Transnational Perspectives, ed by Natasa Ďurovičová and Kathleen Newman, 90–120. London/New York: Routledge.
Dyer, Richard and Vincendeau, Ginette
(eds)1992Popular European Cinema. London/New York: Routledge.
Englert, Birgit and Moreto, Nginjai Paul
2010 “Inserting Voice: Foreign Language Film Translation as a Local Phenomenon in Tanzania.” Journal of African Media Studies 2 (2): 225–239.
Gambier, Yves
2003 “Screen Transadaptation: Perception and Reception.” The Translator 9 (2): 171–189.
Garncarz, Joseph
1994 “Hollywood in Germany: The Role of American Films in Germany.” In Hollywood in Europe. Experiences of a Cultural Hegemony, ed by David W. Ellwood and Rob Kroes, 94–135. VU University Press, Amsterdam.
Garncarz, Joseph
2004 “Making Films Comprehensible and Popular Abroad: The Innovative Strategy of Multiple-language Versions.” Cinema & Cie. International Film Studies Journal 4 (1): 72–79.
Garncarz, Joseph
2010 “‘Films That Are Applauded All Over the World’: Questioning Chaplin’s Popularity in Weimar Germany.” Early Popular Visual Culture VIII (3): 285–296.
Gomery, Douglas
1992Shared Pleasures: History of movie presentation in the United States. London: The University of Wisconsin Press.
Gürata, Ahmet
2008 “Hollywood in Vernacular: Translation and Cross-Cultural of American Films in Turkey.” In Going to the Movies: Hollywood and the Social Experience of Cinema, ed by Richard Maltby, Melvyn Stokes, Robert Clyde Allen, 333–350. Exeter: University of Exeter Press.
Hansen, Miriam
1991Babel and Babylon Spectatorship in American Silent Film. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
Hansen, Miriam
1993 “Early Cinema, Late Cinema: Permutations of the Public Sphere.” Screen 34 (3): 197–210.
Hansen, Miriam
1999 “The Mass Production of the Senses: Classical Cinema as Vernacular Modernism.” Modernism/Modernity 6 (2): 59–77.
Hawk, Howard
1932 Scarface. USA.
Hawk, Howard
1944 To Have and Have Not. USA.
Hicks, Jeremy
2005 “The international Reception of Early Soviet Sound Cinema: Chapaev in Britain and America.” Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 25 (2): 273–289.
Hicks, Jeremy
2008 “Lost in Translation? Early Soviet Sound Film Abroad.” In Russia and its Other(s) on Film: Screening Intercultural Dialogue, ed by Stephen Hutchings, 113–129. NewYork: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hollinshead, Ailsa
2011 ““And I Felt Quite Posh!” Art-House Cinema and the Absent Audience – The Exclusion of Choice.” Participations. Journal of Audience and Reception Studies 8 (2): 392–415.
Jacobs, Lea
2008The Decline of Sentiment: American Film in the 1920s. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press.
Jarvinen, Lisa
2012 "Hollywood and Spanish-Speaking Audiences”. In The Wiley-Blackwell History of American Film, ed by Roy Grundmann, Cynthia Lucia, Art Simon, 156–178. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell Publishing.
Jenkins, Henry
2000 “Reception theory and audience research: the mystery of the vampire’s kiss.” In Reinventing Film Studies, ed by Christine Gledhill and Linda Williams, 165–182. London: Arnold.
Kilborn, Richard
1993 ‘“Speak My Language”: Current Attitudes to Television Subtitling and Dubbing.” Media, Culture and Society 15 (4): 641–660.
Klinger, Barbara
1997 “Film History Terminable and Interminable: Recovering the Past in Reception Studies.” Screen, 38 (2): 107–128.
Kuhn, Annette
2002An Everyday Magic: Cinema and Cultural Memory. London: I.B. Tauris
Lacasse, Germain
1998 “Du cinéma oral au spectateur muet.” Cinémas : revue d’études cinématographiques/Cinémas: Journal of Film Studies 9 (1): 43–62.
Lacasse, Germain
2012 “The Film Lecturer.” In A Companion to Early Cinema, ed by André Gaudreault, Nicolas Dulac and Santiago Hidalgo, 487–497. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Lembach, Joachim
2003The Standing of the German Cinema in Great Britain after 1945. Lewiston, N.Y.: Edwin Mellen Press.
Mac Dubhghaill, Uinsionn
2006 “Harry Potter and the Wizards of Baile na hAbhann: Translation, Subtitling and Dubbing Policies in Ireland’s TG4, from the Start of Broadcasting in 1996 to the Present Day.” Mercator Media Forum 9 (1): 47–58.
Maltby, Richard, and Ruth Vasey
1994 “The International Language Problem: European Reactions to Hollywood’s Conversion to Sound.” In Hollywood in Europe: Experiences of a Cultural Hegemony, ed by David W. Ellwood, and Rob Kroes, 78–79. Amsterdam: VU University Press.
Mazdon, Lucy
2016 ““Kings of the Middle Way”: Continental Cinema on British Screens.” In Middlebrow Cinema, ed by Sally Faulkner, 181–195. London/New York: Routledge.
Mazdon, Lucy and Catherine Wheatley
(eds)2010Je t’aime … moi non plus: Franco-British Cinematic Relations. Oxford/New York: Berghahn Books.
Mazdon, Lucy and Wheatley, Catherine
2013French Film in Britain. Sex, Art and Cinephilia. Oxford: Berghan Books.
Meers, Philippe and Daniel Biltereyst
2012 “Film Audiences in Perspective: The Social Practices of Cinema-going”. In The Social Use of Media: Cultural and social scientific perspectives on audience research, Helena Bilandzic, Geoffroy Patriarche and Paul Traudt (eds), 123–140. Chicago: Intellect/University of Chicago Press.
Meers, Phillipe
2001 “Is there an audience in the house?: New Research Perspectives on (European) Film Audiences.” Journal of Popular Film & Television 29 (3): 138–144.
Mereu Keating, Carla
2016The Politics of Dubbing. Film Censorship and State Intervention in the Translation of Foreign Cinema in Fascist Italy. Bern: Peter Lang.
Mereu Keating, Carla
Forthcoming a). “A ‘delirium tremens’: The Reception of Paramount, MGM ahe Reception of Paramount, MGM and Fox’ Italian-Language Film Versions and Early Dubbings (1930–33).” In ‘Splendid Innovations:’ The Translation of Films, 1900–1944 ed by Carol O’Sullivan and Jean-François Cornu Oxford Oxford University Press
Mereu Keating, Carla
(Forthcoming b). “Locked into Dubbing: Retracing the Origins, Establishment and Fortune of Italy’s Mainstream AVT Practice.” In Reassessing Dubbing ed by Irene Ranzato and Serenella Zanotti
Mingant, Nolwenn
2010Hollywood à la conquête du monde: marchés, stratégies, influences. Paris, France: CNRS éditions.
Mingant, Nolwenn
2012 “ ‘Do you understand me?’ Assessing Hollywood’s Efforts to Speak Arabic.” Paper presented at
The translation and reception of multilingual films/La traduction et reception de films multilingues. University of Montpellier 3, 15–16 June 2012.
Mingant, Nolwenn
(Forthcoming). “When the Thief of Baghdad Tried to Steal the Show: The Short-Lived Dubbing of Hollywood Films into Arabic in the 1940s.” In Reassessing Dubbing ed by Irene Ranzato and Serenella Zanotti
Musser, Charles
1991Before the Nickelodeon: Edwin S. Porter and the Edison Manufacturing Company. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Nornes, Abé Mark
2007Cinema Babel – Translating Global Cinema. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Nathaus, Klaus
2016Made in Europe: The Production of Popular Culture in the Twentieth-Century. London/New York: Routledge.
O’Brien, Charles
2005Cinema’s Conversion to Sound: Technology and Film Style in France and the U.S. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
O’Brien, Charles
2010 “The ‘Cinematization’ of Sound Cinema in Britain and the Dubbing into French of Hitchcock’s Waltzes from Vienna (1934).” In Je t’aime … moi non plus: Franco-British Cinematic Relations, ed by Lucy Mazdon and Catherine Wheatley, 37–49. Oxford and New York: Berghahn Books.
2010 “Subtitling Versus Dubbing: An OTX Case-Study Report to the UK Film Council.” Online at [URL]. Accessed February 7, 2017.
Pafort-Overduin, Clara
2011 “Distribution and Exhibition in the Netherlands, 1934–1936.” In Explorations in New Cinema History: Approaches and Case Studies, ed by Richard Maltby, Daniel Biltereyst and Philippe Meers, 125–139. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
Pérez-González, Luis
2014aAudiovisual Translation: Theories, Methods and Issues. London/New York: Routledge.
Perkins, V. F.
1992 “The Atlantic Divide.” In Popular European Cinema, ed by Richard Dyer and Ginette Vincendeau, 194–205. London/New York: Routledge.
Plantinga, Carl
2009Moving Viewers: American Film and the Spectator’s Experience. University of California Press, Berkeley City.
Pozner, Valérie
2004 “Le bonimenteur rouge: Retour sur la question de l’oralité à propos du cas soviétique.” Cinémas 14 (2–3): 143–178.
Razlogova, Elena
2014 “Listening to the Inaudible Foreign: Simultaneous Translators and Soviet Experience of Foreign Cinema.” In Sound, Music, Speech in Soviet and Post-Soviet Cinema, ed by Lilya Kaganovsky and Masha Salazkina, 162–178. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Razlogova, Elena
2015 “The Politics of Translation at Soviet Film Festivals during the Cold War.” SubStance 44 (2): 66–87.
Rich, Ruby
2004 “To Read or Not to Read: Subtitles, Trailers and Monolingualism.” In Subtitles: On the Foreignness of Film, ed by Ian Balfour and Atom Egoyan, 153–169. Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge MIT Press.
Rossholm, Sophia
2006Reproducing Languages, Translating Bodies: Approaches to Speech, Translation and Cultural Identity in Early European Sound Film. Stockholm: Almkvist & Wiksell.
Segrave, Kerry
2004Foreign Films in America: A History. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co.
Smoodin, Eric
2011 “Going to the Movies in Paris, around 1933: Film Culture, National Cinema, and Historical Method.” The Moving Image: The Journal of the Association of Moving Image Archivists 11(1): 25–55.
Srinivas, Lakshmi
2002 “The Active Audience, Spectatorship, Social Relations and the Experience of Cinema in India.” Media Culture and Society 24 (2): 155–173.
Staiger, Janet
1992Interpreting Films. Studies in the Historical Reception of American Cinema. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Stempel, Tom
2001American Audiences on Movies and Moviegoing. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press.
Stigsdotter, Ingrid
2007 “'Very Funny if You Can Keep Up with the Subtitles: The British Reception of ‘Le Fabuleux Destin d Amélie Poulain’.” In France at the Flicks: Trends in Contemporary French Popular Cinema, ed by Darren Waldron and Isabelle Vanderschelden, 198–211. New Castle: Cambridge Scholars.
Stokes, Melvyn
1999 “Introduction: Reconstructing American Cinema Audience.”. In American Movie Audiences: From the Turn of the Century to the Early Sound Era, ed by Melvyn Stokes and Richard Maltby, 1–11. London: British Film Institute.
Szczepanik, Petr
2012 “Hollywood in Disguise. Practices of Exhibition and Reception of Foreign Films in Czechoslovakia in the 1930s.” In Cinema, Audiences and Modernity. New Perspectives on European Cinema History, ed by Daniel Biltereyst, Richard Maltby, and Philippe Meers, 166–186. London/New York: Routledge.
Thompson, Elizabeth
2010 “Scarlett O’Hara in Damascus: Hollywood, Colonial Politics, and Arab Spectatorship during World War II”. In Globalizing American Studies, ed by Brian Edwards and Dilip Parameshwar Gaonkar, 184–208. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Treveri Gennari, Daniela and Sedgwick, John
2015 “Memories in Context: The Social and Economic Function of Cinema in 1950s Rome.” Film History: An International Journal 27 (2): 76–104.
Vasey, Ruth
1997The World According to Hollywood. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Vasilyev, Georgi and Segei
1934 Chapaev. USSR.
Vincendeau, Ginette
1988 “Hollywood Babel: The Coming of Sound and the Multiple Language Version.” Screen 29 (2): 24–39.
Wellman, William
1931 Public Enemy. UK.
Wilinsky, Barbara
2001Sure Seaters: The Emergence of Art House Cinema. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Wolf, Julia
1947 “The Continental Film in Britain.” Penguin Film Review 4 (1): 89–94.
Zanotti, Serenella
2015 “Investigating Redubs: Motives, Agents, and Audience Response.” In Audiovisual Translation in a Global Context – Mapping an Ever-changing Landscape, ed by Baños Piñero, Rocío and Jorge Díaz Cintas, 110–139. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cited by
Cited by 4 other publications
Di Giovanni, Elena
2020. Reception Studies and Audiovisual Translation. In The Palgrave Handbook of Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility [Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting, ], ► pp. 397 ff.
2020. Audiovisual Translation through the Ages. In The Palgrave Handbook of Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility [Palgrave Studies in Translating and Interpreting, ], ► pp. 33 ff.
Zanotti, Serenella
2022. Audiovisual Translation. In The Cambridge Handbook of Translation, ► pp. 440 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 9 may 2023. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.