Extra-sentential elements usually form independent intonational domains. Due to this property, they have been used in the phonological literature to define the intonational phrase. This study, using English and Catalan empirical data collected in three experiments, shows significant variation in the phrasing and accentuation of these constructions. We argue that their role is primarily semantic: they are supplementary, semantically non-restrictive, and anaphorically linked to their referent. Prosody signals their grammatical function by means of independent phrasing, by reductions in pitch span leading to total deaccentuation, and/or by tonal reduplication. We argue that both tonal and junctural cues are used in combination to mark extra-sentential elements as external to the phrase.
2020. Intonation. In The Handbook of English Linguistics, ► pp. 385 ff.
HANOTE, Sylvie
2019. Le discours rapporté dans un corpus d’anglais oral : formes et frontières. E-rea :17.1
Nadeu, Marianna
2016. Phonetic and phonological vowel reduction in Central Catalan. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 46:1 ► pp. 33 ff.
Arnhold, Anja
2014. Prosodic structure and focus realization in West Greenlandic. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 216 ff.
Chahal, Dana & Sam Hellmuth
2014. The intonation of Lebanese and Egyptian Arabic. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 365 ff.
Elordieta, Gorka & Jose I. Hualde
2014. Intonation in Basque. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 405 ff.
Fletcher, Janet
2014. Intonation and prosody in Dalabon. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 252 ff.
Frota, Sónia
2014. The intonational phonology of European Portuguese. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 6 ff.
Gooden, Shelome
2014. Aspects of the intonational phonology of Jamaican Creole. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 273 ff.
Gussenhoven, Carlos
2014. Complex intonation near the tonal isogloss in the Netherlands. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 324 ff.
Igarashi, Yosuke
2014. Typology of intonational phrasing in Japanese dialects. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 464 ff.
Sun-Ah Jun
2014. Prosodic Typology II,
Sun-Ah Jun
2014. Prosodic typology: by prominence type, word prosody, and macro-rhythm. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 520 ff.
Sun-Ah Jun
2014. Introduction. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 1 ff.
Jun, Sun-Ah & Janet Fletcher
2014. Methodology of studying intonation: from data collection to data analysis. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 493 ff.
Karlsson, Anastasia M.
2014. The intonational phonology of Mongolian. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 187 ff.
Keane, Elinor
2014. The intonational phonology of Tamil. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 118 ff.
Khan, Sameer ud Dowla
2014. The intonational phonology of Bangladeshi Standard Bengali. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 81 ff.
Prieto, Pilar
2014. The intonational phonology of Catalan. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 43 ff.
Remijsen, Bert, Farienne Martis & Ronnie Severing
2014. The marked accentuation pattern of Curaçao Papiamentu. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 302 ff.
Vicenik, Chad & Sun-Ah Jun
2014. An Autosegmental-Metrical analysis of Georgian intonation. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. 154 ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. Preface. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. vii ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. The Contributors. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. viii ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. Copyright Page. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. iv ff.
[no author supplied]
2014. List of Abbreviations. In Prosodic Typology II, ► pp. xiii ff.
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