List of tables
1.1
Comparison between the static and the dynamic pradigms, extracted and slightly adapted from Bailey (1973, p. 34).
2.1
Jesuit Missions in the Kawapanan area (after Fuentes, 1988, p. 17; Ochoa-Gilonne, 2007, p. 33)
3.1
Shawi person-marking suffixes
3.2
Shawi consonant inventory.
3.3
Keywords for consonants
3.4
Means of F1 and F2 after 16 tokens
3.5
Distribution of consonantal phonemes. (Y) indicates a consonant occurs in position (X) while (N) indicates that it does not. (-) indicates that, although that combination is possible, such a syllable is not existent in the corpus. ‘#_’ stands for word initial; ‘._/’, for syllable initial, ‘V._’, for post-vocalic; ‘_.’, for syllable final, ‘_#’, for word final; and ‘_(x)y’, for preceding vowel (x), with a particular phonemic contrast (y).
3.6
Shawi Alphabets
3.7
Common nouns in Shawi
3.8
Possession paradigm
3.9
Oblique case markers in Shawi
3.10
Subject suffixes in the non-future tense
3.11
Subject suffixes in the future tense
3.12
Subject suffixes in the subjunctive
3.13
Subject agreement suffixes in the dubitative mood
3.14
Subject suffixes in the purposive
3.15
Subject suffixes in the sequential mood
3.16
Subject suffixes in the simultaneous
3.17
Subject suffixes in the hypothetical mood
3.18
Person object forms in Shawi
3.19
Compound verbs
3.20
Common adjectives in Shawi
3.21
Personal pronouns
3.22
Interrogative pronouns in Shawi
3.23
Deictics in Shawi
3.24
Numerals in Shawi
3.25
Place adverbs in Shawi
3.26
Common temporal adverbs in Shawi
3.27
Modal adverbs in Shawi
3.28
Quantity adverbs in Shawi
3.29
Conjunctions
3.30
Common interjections in Shawi
3.31
Lexical vs. morphological causatives in Shawi
3.32
Valency increasing -
te
3.33
Valency decreasing –
te
3.34
Verbaliser -
te
3.35
Performer/agent nominalisation (EM_NOM_Balsapuerto_CYP_310714)
3.36
Resultative nominalisations
3.37
Instrumental nominalisations
3.38
Person-marking in Shawi
3.39
Grammatical relations in Shawi
4.1
Maquiritari, Hixkaryana, Waiwai, Galibi, Carib, E’napa Woromaipu, and Macuchi pronouns
4.2
Eastern Bolivian Guarani, Paraguayan Guarani, Mundurukú, Aché, and Urarina pronouns
4.3
The Kawapanan and Puelche pronominal systems. The table also includes Proto-Kawapanan (P. M. Valenzuela Bismarck, 2011; L. M. Rojas-Berscia & Nikulin, 2016) for comparative purposes.
4.4
The Kawapanan and Puelche subject suffixes/prefixes systems, based on Rojas-Berscia and Nikulin (2016) for Proto-Kawapanan (Proto-Kawapanan) and Viegas Barros (2017) for Puelche.
4.5
The Kawapanan object suffix system compared to the Puelche second prefix system.
4.6
Proto-Kawapanan and Puelche lexical affinities
4.7
A comparison of the languages between the Kawapanan-Puelche space. Forms that show some resemblance appear in bold.
5.1
Features shared by the major Andean languages (Quechua and Aymara) and Kawapanan languages. Red asterisks indicate a discrepancy between my analysis and that in Valenzuela (2015, p. 47). Some sections from the original were left out.
5.2
Features which Kawapanan and the major Andean languages do not share. Bold indicates a discrepancy with Valenzuela’s (2015, p. 13) analysis.
5.3
Case systems in Quechua, Aymara (based on Cerrón-Palomino (2008)), Shawi and Shiwilu (Barraza de García, 2005a; L. M. Rojas-Berscia, 2013; Valenzuela et al., 2013)
5.4
A comparison between the Quechua, 18th-century Shiwilu and Shawi numeral systems. Quechua loans are marked in bold.
5.5
Non-future verbal paradigm for the verb ‘to eat’ in Quechumara (Cerrón-Palomino, 2008) and Kawapanan (L. M. Rojas-Berscia, 2019a; van Schie, 2018)
5.6
Selk’nam OVS (L. M. Rojas-Berscia, 2014)
5.7
Lexemes list following
Relación de la tierra de Jaén (Torero, 2002, p. 273)
5.8
Lexical parallelisms between Kawapanan and Carib*,** (adapted from Jolkesky, 2016, pp. 495–496)
5.9
Some parallelisms between Kawapanan and Chachapuya (based on L. M. Rojas-Berscia (2020)
5.10
Lexical parallelisms between Proto-Kawapanan and Arawak*,** (adapted*** from Jolkesky (2016, pp. 365–366))
5.11
Muniche pronominal system compared with that of Arawak (Gibson, 1996):
5.12
The possession paradigm in Shawi