Cover not available
Part of
Words of Crisis as Words of Power: The jeremiad in American presidential speeches
Marta Neüff
[Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture 77] 2018
► pp. 339–373

Bibliography

Books
Ahmed, Leila. 1992. Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ahmed, Sara. 2004. The Cultural Politics of Emotion. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Allswang, John M. 1978. New Deal and American Politics: Study in Political Change. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.Google Scholar
Altheide, David. 2006. Terrorism and the Politics of Fear. Lanham MD: Rowman Altamira.Google Scholar
Aristotle. 1968. Poetics. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
. 1975. The ‘Art’ of Rhetoric. London: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Artz, Lee, and Yahya R. Kamalipour (eds.). 2004. Bring 'em On: Media and Politics in the Iraq War. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.Google Scholar
Anderson, Benedict. 1983. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Aune, James Aunt, and Martin J. Medhurst. 2008. The Prospect of Presidential Rhetoric. Austen: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Bacharach, Marc N. 2006. War Metaphors: How the Presidents Use the Language of War to Sell Policy. Miami University (Dissertation), Oxford, Ohio. Web. 25 Nov. 2011 <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Bailey, Ronald. 1993. Eco Scam: The False Prophets of Ecological Apocalypse. New York: St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar
Beasley, Vanessa B. 2011. You, the People: American National Identity in Presidential Rhetoric. Austen: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Bellah, Robert N. (ed.). 1965. Religion and Progress in Modern Asia. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
1975. The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial. New York: Seabury Press.Google Scholar
Bender, John B., and David E. Wellbery (eds.). 1990. The Ends of Rhetoric: History, Theory, Practice. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Benjamin, D. & S. Simon. 2005. The Next Attack: The Failure of the War on Terror and a Strategy for Getting it Right. New York: Times Books.Google Scholar
Bennett, W. Lance, Regina G. Lawrence, and Steven Livingston. 2007. When the Press Fails: Political Power and the News Media from Iraq to Katrina. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bentham, Jeremy (ed.). 1995. The Panopticon Writings. London: Bozovic, Miran, Verso.Google Scholar
Bercovitch, Sacvan. 1978/2012. The American Jeremiad. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
. 1975. The Puritan Origins of the American Self. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Bercovitch, Sacvan, and Myra Jehlen. 1986. Ideology and Classic American Literature. Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Black, Amy E., Douglas L. Koopman, and David K. Ryden. 2004. Of Little Faith: The Politics of George W. Bush’s Faith-Based Initiatives. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Bloom, Allan. 1988. The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Boin, Arjen, Paul‘t Hart, Eric Stern, and Bengt Sundelius. 2005. The Politics of Crisis Management: Public Leadership Under Pressure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bormann, E. 2001. The Force of Fantasy. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Bostdorff, Denise M. 1994. The Presidency and the Rhetoric of Foreign Crisis. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Bottici, Chiara. 2007. A Philosophy of Political Myth. Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bovens, Mark, and Paul‘t Hart. 1996. Understanding Policy Fiascoes. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
Bremer, Francis J. 1995. The Puritan Experiment: New England Society From Bradford to Edwards. New Hampshire: University Press of New England.Google Scholar
Brunsma, David L., David Overfelt, and J. Steven Picou (eds.). 2007. The Sociology of Katrina: Perspectives on a Modern Catastrophe. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Buell, Frederick. 2004. From Apocalypse to Way of Life: Environmental Crisis in the American Century. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Buell, John, and Tom de Luca. 2005. Liars! Cheaters! Evildoers!: Demonization and the End of Civil Debate in American Politics. New York: NYU Press.Google Scholar
Buell, Lawrence. 1995. The Environmental Imagination: Thoreau, Nature Writing, and the Formation of American Culture. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Buhite, Russell D., and David W. Levy (eds.). 1992. FDR’s Fireside Chats. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Burke, Kenneth. 1969. A Grammar of Motives. Berkley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
. 1966. Language As Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
. 1990. Rhetoric of Motives. Berkley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
. 1970. The Rhetoric of Religion: Studies in Logology. Berkley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Burns, Arthur F., and Wesley C. Mitchell. 1946. Measuring Business Cycles. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.Google Scholar
Bush, George W. 2010. Decision Points. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Campbell, Ballard C. 2008. Disasters, Accidents, and Crises in American History: A Reference Guide to Nation’s Most Catastrophic Events. Facts on File Library of American History.Google Scholar
Campbell, David. 1998. Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Cap, Piotr. 2006. Legitimization in political discourse: A cross-disciplinary perspective on the modern US war rhetoric. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Press.Google Scholar
. 2017. The Language of Fear: Communication Threat in Public Discourse. London: Palgrave Macmillan.DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2008b. Legitimization in Political Discourse: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective on the Modern U.S. War Rhetoric (2nd ed.), New Castle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Press.Google Scholar
. 2013. Proximization: The Pragmatics of Symbolic Distance Crossing. John Benjamins, Amsterdam. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Carlson, John D., and Jonathan H. Ebel (eds.). 2012. From Jeremiad to Jihad: Religion, Violence, and America. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Carver, Terrell, and Jernej Pikalo. 2008. Political Language and Metaphor: Interpreting and Changing the World. New York/London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Chapp, Christopher B. 2012. Religious Rhetoric and American Politics: The Endurance of Civil Religion in Electoral Campaigns. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Charteris-Black, Jonathan. 2005. Politicians and Rhetoric: The Persuasive Power of Metaphor. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1997. Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda. New York: Seven Stories Press.Google Scholar
. 2002. Pirates And Emperors, Old And New: International Terrorism In The Real World. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press.Google Scholar
Chilton, Paul. 2004. Analysing Political Discourse: Theory and Practice. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cicero, Marcus T. 1970. On Oratory and Orators. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Collins, John, and Ross Glover (eds.). 2002. Collateral Language: A User’s Guide to America’s New War. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Connoly, William E. 1995. The Ethos of Pluralisation. Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press.Google Scholar
Conroy, Hillary, and Harry Wray (eds.). 1990. Pearl Harbor: Reexamined: Prologue to the Pacific War. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.Google Scholar
Coogan, Michael D. 2009. A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Correnti, Laura. 2015. What a President Says Matters: An Analysis of Presidential Responses in Times of Economic Crisis. A Seniors Honors Thesis Submitted to the Department of Communication of Boston College, Web. 25 June 2015 <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Darsey, James F. 1997. The Prophetic Tradition and Radical Rhetoric in America. New York: NYU Press.Google Scholar
Daschke, Dereck, and Andrew Kille (eds.). 2010. A Cry Instead of Justice: The Bible and Cultures of Violence in Psychological Perspective. New York: T & T Clark International.Google Scholar
Davis, William T. (ed.). 1908. Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation, 1606–1646. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, Electronic Edition, copyright 2003, Web. 24 Nov. 2013 <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Denton, Robert E., Jr. (ed.). 2012. The George W. Bush Presidency: A Rhetorical Perspective. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
DiMaggio, Anthony R. 2008. Mass Media, Mass Propaganda: Examining American News in the War on Terror. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Domke, David. 2004. God Willing? Political Fundamentalism in the White House, the “War on Terror,” and the Echoing Press. Michigan: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Domke, David, and Kevin Coe. 2010. The God Strategy: How Religion Became a Political Weapon in America. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Dorsey, Leroy G. (ed.). 2008. The Presidency and Rhetorical Leadership. Texas: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Duff, David. 1999. Modern Genre Theory. Edinburgh UK: Pearson Education Limited.Google Scholar
Dunmire, Patricia L. 2011. Projecting the Future through Political Discourse. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dunn, Charles (ed.). 2013. American Exceptionalism: The Origins, History, and Future of the Nation’s Greatest Strength. Plymouth, MA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.Google Scholar
Dyson, Michael Eric. 2006. Come Hell or High Water: Hurricane Katrina and the Color of Disaster. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Edwards, Jason, and David Weiss (eds.). 2011. The Rhetoric of American Exceptionalism: Critical Essays. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co.Google Scholar
Elliott, Emory. 1975. Power And The Pulpit In Puritan New England. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ellis, Richard J. 1993. American Political Cultures. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
(ed.). 1999. Speaking of the People: The Rhetorical Presidency in Historical Perspective. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.Google Scholar
Fairclough, Norman, and Clive Holes. 1995. Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Faludi, Susan. 2007. The Terror Dream: Fear and Fantasy in Post-9/11 America. New York: Metropolitan Books.Google Scholar
Fiebig-von Hase, Ragnhild, and Ursula Lehmkuhl (eds.). 1997. Enemy Images in American History. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books.Google Scholar
Finnegan, Lisa. 2007. No Questions Asked. News Coverage Since 9/11. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Fornieri, Joseph R. 2003. Abraham Lincoln’s Political Faith. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1995. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Friedman, Thomas L. 2008. Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution-and How It Can Renew America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Gatta, John. 2004. Making Nature Sacred: Literature, Religion, and Environment in America from the Puritans to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gavins, Joanna. 2007. Text World Theory: An Introduction: An Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gilbert, Gustave M. 1947. Nuremberg Diary. New York: Farrar, Straus and Company.Google Scholar
Gilmour, Michael J. 2004. Tangled Up in the Bible: Bob Dylan and Scripture. New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Gore, Albert A. 2007. An Inconvenient Truth: The Crisis of Global Warming. New York: Viking.Google Scholar
Greene, Helen Taylor, and Shaun L. Gabbidon (eds.). 2009. Encyclopedia of Race and Crime. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Griffin, Em. 2009. A First Look at Communication Theory (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gutterman, David S., and Andrew R. Murphy (eds.). 2006. Religion, Politics, and American Identity. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Hart, Christopher. 2010. Critical discourse analysis and cognitive science: New perspectives on immigration discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2014. Discourse, Grammar and Ideology: Functional and Cognitive Perspective. London and New York: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Hart, Christopher, and Piotr Cap. 2014. Contemporary Critical Discourse Studies. London: Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Hart, Roderick P. 2000. Political Keywords: Using Language That Uses Us. Oxford University Press: New York.Google Scholar
1977. The Political Pulpit. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.Google Scholar
1987. The Sound of Leadership. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
1984. Verbal Style and the Presidency: A Computer-Based Analysis. New York: New York Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hartman, Chester W., and Gregory D. Squires (eds.). 2006. There is No Such Thing as a Natural Disaster: Race, Class, and Hurricane Katrina. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Harvey, David. 2005. The New Imperialism. UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hendricks, John Allen, and Robert E. Denton Jr. (eds.). 2010. Communicator-in-Chief: How Barack Obama Used New Media Technology to Win the White House. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.Google Scholar
Herrmann, Sebastian M. 2014. Presidential Unrealities Epistemic Panic, Cultural Work, and the US Presidency. Heidelberg: Winter Verlag.Google Scholar
Hidalgo, Danielle, and Kristen Barber (eds.). 2007. Forthcoming. Narrating the Storm: Sociological Stories of Hurricane Katrina. Oxford: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar
Hodges, Adam. 2011. The “War on Terror” Narrative: Discourse and Intertextuality in the Construction and Contestation of Sociopolitical Reality. New York: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hodges, Adam, and Chad Nilep (eds.). 2007. Discourse, War and Terrorism. Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hogan, Michael. 2006. Woodrow Wilson’s Western Tour: Rhetoric, Public Opinion, And the League of Nations. USA: Library of Congress.Google Scholar
Holloway, Diane. 2005. Who Killed New Orleans?: Mother Nature vs. Human Nature. Nebraska: iUniverse, Lincoln.Google Scholar
Houck, Davis W. 2001. Rhetoric as Currency: Hoover, Roosevelt, and the Great Depression. Austin Texas: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Howard-Pitney, David. 1990. The Afro-American Jeremiad: Appeals for Justice in America. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Hughes, Richard T. 2004. Myths America Lives By. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1997. A Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World. New Delhi, India: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Hyde, Michael J. (ed.). 2004. The Ethos of Rhetoric. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Ignatieff, Michael (ed.). 2005. American Exceptionalism and Human Rights. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Jasinski, James. 2001. Sourcebook on Rhetoric: Key Concepts in Contemporary Rhetorical Studies. California, Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Jendrysik, Mark Stephan. 2007. Modern Jeremiahs: Contemporary Visions of American Decline. Lanham: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Jewett, Robert, and John S. Lawrence. 2004. Captain America and the Crusade Against Evil: The Dilemma of Zealous Nationalism. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing.Google Scholar
Jowett, Garth S., and Victoria O’Donnell. 2006. Propaganda & Persuasion. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Kaal, Bertie, Isa Maks, and Annemarie van Elfrinkhof (eds.). 2014. From Text to Political Positions: TextAnalysis Across Disciplines. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kellner, Douglas. 1995. Media Culture. Cultural Studies, Identity, and Politics Between the Modern and the Postmodern. New York: Routledge. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2003. From 9/11 to Terror War: The Dangers of the Bush Legacy. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Lanham.Google Scholar
. 2005. Media Spectacle and the Crisis of Democracy. Colorado: Paradigm Press.Google Scholar
Kepel, Gilles. 2004. The War For Muslim Minds: Islam And The West. London: Belknap Press.Google Scholar
Kiewe, Amos, and Davis W. Houck. 1991. A Shining City on a Hill: Ronald Reagan’s Economic Rhetoric, 1951–1989. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Kiewe, Amos (ed.). 1994. The Modern Presidency and Crisis Rhetoric. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.Google Scholar
Killingsworth, M. Jimmie, and Jacqueline S. Palmer. 2012. Ecospeak: Rhetoric and Environmental Politics in America. Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Kuypers, Jim A. 2009. Presidential Crisis Rhetoric and the Press in the Post-Cold War World. Lexington Books.Google Scholar
LaHaye, Tim, and Jerry B. Jenkins. 2011. Left Behind: A Novel of the Earth’s Last Days, Left Behind Series. Colorado Springs: Tyndale House Publishers.Google Scholar
Lakoff, George. 1996. Moral Politics: How Liberals and Conservatives Think. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar
. 2006. Whose Freedom? The Battle over America’s Most Important Idea. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
. 2009a. The Political Mind: A Cognitive Scientist’s Guide to Your Brain and Its Politics. New York: Viking Penguin.Google Scholar
Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lakoff, George, and Elisabeth Wehling. 2012. The Little Blue Book: The Essential Guide for Thinking and Talking Democratic. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Laracey, Melvin C. 2002. Presidents and the People: The Partisan Story of Going Public. Texas: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Levitt, Jeremy I., and Matthew C. Whitaker (eds.). 2009. Hurricane Katrina: America’s Unnatural Disaster. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lincoln, Bruce. 2003. Holy Terrors: Thinking About Religion After September 11. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Link, Arthur S. (ed.). 1975. The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, Vol. 19, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1996. American Exceptionalism: A Double-Edged Sword. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Mather, Cotton. 1689. Memorable Providence, Relating to Witchcraft and Possessions. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Madsen, Deborah L. 1998. American Exceptionalism. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar
Makau, Josina M., and Debian L. Marty. 2001. Cooperative Argumentation: A Model for Deliberative Community. Illinois: Waveland Press.Google Scholar
Martin, J. R., and Ruth Wodak (eds.). 2003. Re/reading the Past: Critical and Functional Perspectives on Time and Value. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: John Benjamins Publishing. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Mausbach, Wilfried, Dietmar Schloss, and Martin Thunert. 2012. The American Presidency: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Heidelberg. Google Scholar
McKenna, George. 2007. The Puritan Origins of American Patriotism. USA: Library of Congress.Google Scholar
McLuhan, Marshall. 2002. The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Medhurst, Martin J. (ed.). 1996. Beyond the Rhetorical Presidency. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Mey, Jacob L. 2001. Pragmatics: An Introduction (2nd ed.). Oxford, England: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Milkis, Sidney M., and Michael Nelson. 1999. The American Presidency: Origins and Development, 1776–1998. Washington, D. C.: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Perry. 1958. Errand into the Wilderness. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
. 1967. Nature’s Nation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard-Belknap Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 1982. The New England Mind: The Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
. 1953/1981. The New England Mind: From Colony to Province. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Moses, Wilson J. 1982. Black Messiahs and Uncle Toms: Social and Literary Manipulations of a Religious Myth. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Morone, James A. 2003. Hellfire Nation: The Politics of Sin in American History. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Mueller, John E. 1973. War, Presidents, and Public Opinion. New York: Jon Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Murphy, Andrew 2008. Prodigal Nation: Moral Decline and Divine Punishment from New England to 9/11. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Nacos, Brigitte L. 2007. Mass-Mediated Terrorism: The Central Role of the Media in Terrorism and Counterterrorism. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Neustadt, Richard E. 1990. Presidential Power: The Politics of Leadership, with Reflections on Johnson and Nixon. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Obama, Barack. 2008. The Audacity of Hope. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Perelman, Chaïm, and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. 1969. The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Perloff, Richard M. 1998. Political Communication: Politics, Press, and Public in America. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.Google Scholar
Pierard, Richard V., and Robert D. Linder. 1988. Civil Religion and the Presidency. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Academic Books.Google Scholar
Pious, Richard. 1979. The American Presidency. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Platt, Rutherford. 1999. Disasters and Democracy: The Politics of Extreme Natural Events. Washington D.C.: Island Press.Google Scholar
Plouffe, David. 2009. The Audacity to Win. New York: Viking.Google Scholar
Pludowski, Tomasz (ed.). 2007. How the World’s News Media Reacted to 9/11: Essays from Around the Globe. Spokane, Washington: Marquette Books LLC.Google Scholar
Prett Ewing, Katherine (ed.). 2008. Being and Belonging: Muslims in the United States since 9/11. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Prizel, Ilya. 1998. National Identity and Foreign Policy: Nationalism and Leadership in Poland, Russia, and Ukraine. Cambridge Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Pyszczynski, Tom, Sheldon Solomon, and Jeff Greenberg. 2003. In the Wake of 9/11: The Psychology of Terror. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Quarantelli, Enrico L. 1998. What Is Disaster? Perspectives on the Question. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Rampton, Sheldon, and John Stauber. 2003. Weapons of Mass Deception: The Uses of Propaganda in Bush’s War on Iraq. New York: Tarcher/Penguin.Google Scholar
Renn, Stephen D. 2008. The Expository Dictionary of Bible Words. Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers.Google Scholar
Ricoeur, Paul. 1978. The Rule of Metaphor. London: Routledge & Kegan.Google Scholar
Ritter, Kurt, and Martin J. Medhurst (eds.). 2003. Presidential Speechwriting: From the New Deal to the Reagan Revolution and Beyond. United States: Library of Congress.Google Scholar
Roberts, Albert R. (ed.). 2005. Crisis Intervention Handbook: Assessment, Treatment, and Research. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rock, Stephan R. 2001. The Views and Influence of U.S. Christians and Christian Organizations. New York: Continuum.Google Scholar
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1968. Social Contract. London: Penguin Classics.Google Scholar
Rozario, Kevin. 2007. The Culture of Calamity: Disaster and the Making of Modern America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Said, Edward. 1979. Orientalism. London: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Schifferes, Steve, and Richard Roberts (eds.). 2014. The Media and Financial Crises: Comparative and Historical Perspectives. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. 2004. The Imperial Presidency. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.Google Scholar
Shogan, Colleen J. 2006. The Moral Politics of American Presidents. Austen: Texas University Press.Google Scholar
Silberstein, Sandra. 2004. War of Words: Language, Politics and 9/11. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Singer, Eleanor T., and Phyllis M. Edreny. 1993. Reporting Risk: How the Mass Media Portray Accidents, Diseases, Disasters, and Other Hazards. New York: Russell Sage.Google Scholar
Skrimshire, Stefan. 2008. Politics of Fear, Practices of Hope. London: Continuum International Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Smith, Craig Allen, and Kathy B. Smith. 1994. The White House Speaks: Presidential Leadership as Persuasion. Westport CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Smith, Gary S. 2006. Faith and the Presidency From George Washington to George W. Bush. New York: Oxford University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Sorkin, Andrew Ross. 2010. Too Big to Fail. New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Stout, Harry S. 1986. The New England Soul: Preaching and Religious Culture in Colonial New England. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Stuckey, Mary E. 1991. The President as Interpreter-In-Chief. Chatham, New Jersey: Chatham House Publishers.Google Scholar
2011. Defining Americans: The Presidency and National Identity. Kansas City: University Press of Kansas.Google Scholar
Tackach, James. 2002. Lincoln’s Moral Vision. Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar
Taylor, Philip M. 1992. War and the Media: Propaganda and Persuasion in the Gulf War. UK: Manchester University Press.Google Scholar
‘t Hart, Paul, and Karen Tindall. 2009. Framing the Global Economic Downturn: Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recessions. Canberra: ANU E Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Thomas, Frank A. 2012. American Dream 2.0: A Christian Way Out of the Great Recession. Nashville, Tennessee: Abingdon Press.Google Scholar
Thomas, Katharina E. 2009. Abraham Lincoln’s ‘Gettysburg Address’: The Rhetoric of American Civil Religion. Munich: GRIN Publishing GmbH.Google Scholar
Thompson, Benjamin. 1676. New England’s Crisis. Boston: John Fowter, Web. 17. Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Thompson, John Arthur. 1980. The Book of Jeremiah: The New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Thomas, W. & D. Thomas 1928. The Child in America: Behavior Problems and Programs. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de. 2003. Democracy in America. New York: Penguin Classics.Google Scholar
Troy, Gil. 2005. Morning in America: How Ronald Reagan Invented the 1980’s. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Tulis, Jeffrey K. 1987. The Rhetorical Presidency. Princeton New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, Teun A. 1998. Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. London: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
. 1992. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Werth, Paul. 1999. Text Worlds: Representing Conceptual Space in Discourse. Harlow: Pearson Education Ltd.Google Scholar
Whitt, L. 1954. The Jacksonians: A Study in Administrative History, 1829–1861. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Whitt, David, and John Perlich. 2014 (eds.). Myth in the Modern World: Essays on Intersections with Ideology and Culture. North Carolina: McFarland & Company.Google Scholar
Wigglesworth, Michael. 1662. The Day of Doom: Or, A Poetical Description of the Great and Last Judgment: With Other Poems. Printed by B. Green, and J. Allen, for Benjamin Eliot, at his shop under the west end of the town-house, Boston, 1701. (5th ed.) Microform version available in the Readex Early American Imprints series.Google Scholar
Windt, Theodore O., and Beth Ingold (eds.). 1992. Essays in Presidential Rhetoric (3rd ed.), Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Windt, Theodore O. 1990. Presidents and Protestors: Political Rhetoric in the 1960. Tuscaloosa Alabama: The University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Wodak, Ruth, and Michael Meyer. 2001. Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. London: Sage Publications. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wodak, Ruth, Rudolf de Cillia, Martin Reisigl, and Johann Wolfgang Unger. 2009. The Discursive Construction of National Identity. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Woodward, Bob. 2007. Bush at War. New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Zulaika, Joseba, and William Douglass. 1996. Terror and Taboo: The Follies, Fables, and Faces of Terrorism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Articles
“100 Days of Gushing Oil – Eight Things to Know About How the Media Covered the Gulf Disaster.” Pew Research Center – Journalism Project, Aug. 25, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“100 Days of Gushing Oil – The Breaking News Never Went Away.” Pew Research Center – Journalism Project, Aug. 25, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“9/11 Victims List.” 9/11 Tenth Year Commemoration, EKTIMIS, Web. 19 June 2013. <[URL]>.
Aaltonen, Jouko. 2014. “Claims of Hope and Disasters: Rhetoric Expression in Three Climate Change Documentaries.” Studies in Documentary Film 8 (1): 61–75. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Abramowitz, Michael. 2008. “Many Versions of ‘Bush Doctrine.’” Washington Post, Sept. 13, 2008.Google Scholar
Abu-Lughod, Lila. 2002 “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?” American Anthropologist 104 (3): 783–790. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“A Clash of Gloomy Prophets.” Time, Jan. 11, 1971: 56–57.Google Scholar
Allen, Jodie T. 2010. “How a Different America Responded to the Great Depression.” Pew Research Center, Web. 17 Aug. 2015. <[URL]>.
Althaus, Scott L. 2002. “American News Consumption during Times of National Crisis.” Political Science & Politics, 517–521. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Altschuter, Glenn C. 2003. “Apathy, Apocalypse and the American Jeremiad.” American Literary History 15 (1): 162–171. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Andrews, J. 2002. “Presidential Leadership and National Identity.” In The Presidency and Rhetorical Leadership, ed. byL. Dorsey. Texas: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Applebaum-Sikorska, Anne. 2002. “North Korea: Threat or Menace? Does North Korea Deserve Its Ranking as a Member of the “Axis of Evil”?” Slate, Feb. 12, 2002.Google Scholar
Appleby, Joyce. 1992. “Recovering America’s Historic Diversity: Beyond Exceptionalism.” Journal of American History 79 (2): 419–431. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Arnsten, Amy F. T. 2009. “Stress Signaling Pathways that Impair Prefrontal Cortex Structure and Function.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10: 410–422. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Arthur, Damien. 2011. “The Consequences of Rhetoric after 9/11.” State of Formation, Web. 5 Aug. 2012. <[URL]>.
Atkinson, Tyler, and David Luttrell. 2013. “How Bad Was It? The Costs and Consequences of the 2007/09 Financial Crisis.” Dallas Fed, Staff Papers, 20, Web. 9 Mar. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Attack on Pearl Harbor.” New World Encyclopedia, Web. 10 Feb. 2012. <[URL]>.
Atwater, D. 2007. “Senator Barack Obama; The Rhetoric of Hope and the American Dream.” Journal of Black Studies 38(2): 121–129. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Avry, Heidi. 2010. “The Ongoing Administration-Wide Response to the Deepwater BP Oil Spill.” The White House Blog, Web. 20 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Ayotte, Kevin J. 2002. “The Art of War: Aristotle on Rhetoric and Fear.” In The Philosophy of Communication. Vol. 2, Studies in Greek Philosophy, No. 40, ed. by K. Boudouris and T. Poulakos, 45–57, Athens, Greece: Ionia Publications.Google Scholar
“Barack Obama’s Economic Record: End-of-Term Report.” Economist, Sept. 1, 2012.Google Scholar
Bailey, Kevin L. 2009. “An Evaluation of the Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Crime in New Orleans, Louisiana.” Applied Research Projects, Paper 304, Texas State University, San Marcos.Google Scholar
Balz, Dan and Bob Woodward. 2002. “A Presidency Defined in One Speech.” Washington Post, Feb. 1.Google Scholar
Barber, Kristen, Danielle Antoinette Hidalgo, Timothy Haney, and Jennifer Day. 2007. “Narrating the Storm: Storytelling as a Methodological Approach to Understanding Hurricane Katrina.” Journal of Public Management & Social Policy, Fall 2007: 99–120.Google Scholar
Beasley, Vanessa B. 2010. “The Rhetorical Presidency Meets the Unitary Executive: Implications for Presidential Rhetoric on Public Policy.” Michigan State University Board of Trustees, Rhetoric & Public Affairs 13 (1): 7–36. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Belanger, Patrick W. 2005. “Language and War: The Rhetoric of George W. Bush.” Young Scholars in Writing: Undergraduate Research in Writing and Rhetoric 3: 24–29.Google Scholar
Bell, Katie. 2011. “The Intersection of Race and Class as Exposed in Hurricane Katrina.” Drake University Social Science Journal, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Bellah, Robert N. 1967. “Civil Religion in America.” Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 96 (1): 1–21.Google Scholar
Benoit, William L., and Jayne Henson. 2009. “President Bush’s Image Repair Discourse on Hurrican Katrina.” Public Relations Review 35(1): 40–46. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bergen, Benjamin, and Kathryn Wheeler. 2010. “Grammatical Aspect and Mental Simulation.” Brain and Language 112 (3): 150–158. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bercovitch, Sacvan. 1990. “The Ends of American Puritan Rhetoric.” In The Ends of Rhetoric: History, Theory, Practice, ed. by J. Bender and D. Wellbery, 171–190. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
. 1997. “The Winthrop Variation.” John F. Kennedy Institut für Amerikastudien, Working Papers, No. 95, Web. 15 April 2014. <[URL]>.
Bestgen, Yves. 1994. “Can Emotional Valence in Stories Be Determined from Words?” Cognition & Emotion 8: 21–36. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Binswanger, Mathias. 2009. “Is There a Growth Imperative in Capitalist Economies? A Circular Flow Perspective.” Journal of Post Keynesian Economics 31 (4): 707–727. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bitzer, Lloyd F. 1968. “The Rhetorical Situation.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 1(1): 1–14.Google Scholar
Black, Amy E. 2004. “With God on Our Side: Religion in George W. Bush’s Foreign Policy Speeches.” Prepared for presentation at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago, Illinois, Sept. 2–5, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.
Bligh, Michelle C., and Jeffrey C. Kohles. 2009. “The Enduring Allure of Charisma: How Barack Obama Won the Historic 2008 Presidential Election.” Leadership Quarterly 20(3): 483–492. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Boin, Arjen. 2009. “Crisis Leadership in Terra Incognita: Why Meaning Making is Not Enough.” In Framing the Global Economic Downturn: Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recession, ed. by P. ‘t Hart and K. Tindall, 309–315. Canberra, Australia: ANU E Press.Google Scholar
. 2005. “Disaster Research and Future Crises: Broadening the Research Agenda.” International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 23 (3): 199–214.Google Scholar
Bolton, J. R. 2002. “Beyond the Axis of Evil: Additional Threats From Weapons of Mass Destruction.” Remarks presented to the Heritage Foundation Washington, D.C. May 6, The DISAM Journal, Summer, Web. 18 Aug. 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Bonnefille, Stéphanie. 2013. “A Cognitive Linguistics Approach to the Rhetoric of Damage Control: B.P.’s Oil Spill and the E.P.A.’s Strategy of Communication.” Entrepalavras Entrepalavras, Fortaleza, Ano 3, 3 (1): 34–55.Google Scholar
Bostdorff, D.. 1991. “The Presidency and Promoted Crisis: Reagan, Grenada, and Issue Management.” Presidential Studies Quarterly Fall: 737–750.Google Scholar
Bostdorff, Denise M. 2011. “Epideictic Rhetoric in the Service of War: George W. Bush on Iraq and the 60th Anniversary of the Victory Over Japan.” Communication Monographs 3: 296–323. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2003. “George W. Bush’s Post-September 11 Rhetoric of Covenant Renewal: Upholding the Faith of the Greatest Generation.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 89 (4): 293–319. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Bostdorff, Denise M., and Daniel J. O’Rourke. 1997. “The Presidency and the Promotion of Domestic Crisis: John Kennedy’s Management of the 1962 Steel Crisis.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 27 (2): 343–362.Google Scholar
Bostdorff, D. et al. 2008. “Report of the National Task Force on Presidential Rhetoric in Times of Crisis”. In J. Aune & M. Medhurst (eds.), The Prospect of Presidential Rhetoric. College Station, Austen: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
“BP Criticism Not about Nationality, Says Obama.” BBC News, June 12, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014 <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“BP Fared Worse Than the Obama White House.” Pew Research Center – Journalism Project, Aug. 25, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Brinkley, Alan. 2006. “Clear and Present Dangers.” New York Times Book Review 1: 10–11.Google Scholar
Broder, John M. 2008. “Gore Urges Change to Dodge an Energy Crisis.” New York Times, July 18, 2008.Google Scholar
Bryner, Jeanna. 2010. “Experts: Most of the Gulf Oil Spill Won’t Be Cleaned Up.” Live Science, April 29, 2010.Google Scholar
Brzezinski, Zbigniew. 2007. “Terrorized by ‘War on Terror.’” Washington Post, March 25, 2007.Google Scholar
“Bullhorn Moment.” Urban Dictionary, Web. <[URL]. [URL]>.
Burke, Kenneth. 1947. “Ideology and Myth.” Accent 7: 195–205.Google Scholar
Burkholder, Thomas R., and David Henry. 2009. “Criticism of Metaphor.” In Rhetorical Criticism: Perspectives in Action, ed. by J. Kuypers, 97–117. Plymouth UK: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Burnes, Susan. 2011. “Metaphors in Press Reports of Elections: Obama Walked on Water, but Musharraf Was Beaten by a Knockout.” Journal of Pragmatics 43: 2160–2175. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Bush: Bailout Plan Necessary to Deal with Crisis.” CNN.com, Sept. 25, 2008, Web. 25 June 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Bush’s Final Approval Rating: 22 Percent.” CBS News, Jan. 16, 2009, Web. 30 June 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Calmes, Jackie. 2013. “Live From the Oval Office: A Backdrop of History Fades From TV.” New York Times, July 9, 2013.Google Scholar
. 2010. “Obama Plans First Oval Office Speech to Put Pressure on BP.” New York Times, June 13, 2010.Google Scholar
Campbell, David. 1993. “Cold Wars: Securing Identity, Identifying Danger.” In Rhetorical Republic: Governing Representations in American Politics, ed. by F. Dolan and T. Dumm. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, Karlyn Kohrs, and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. 1978. “Form and Genre in Rhetorical Criticism: An Introduction.” In Form and Genre: Shaping Rhetorical Action, ed. by K. Campbell and K. Jamieson, 9–33. Falls Church, VA: The Speech Communication Association.Google Scholar
Canes-Wrone, Brandice. 2001. “The President’s Legislative Influence from Public Appeals.” American Journal of Political Science 45(2): 313–329. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cap, Piotr. 2010. “Axiological Aspects of Proximization.” Journal of Pragmatics 42: 392–407. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2008a. “Towards the Proximization Model of the Analysis of Legitimization in Political Discourse.” Journal of Pragmatics 40: 17–41. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Capur, Ratna. 2002. “Collateral Damage: Sacrificing Legitimacy in the Search for Justice.” Harvard International Review 24 (1).Google Scholar
Cassidy, John. 2008. “Anatomy of a Meltdown: Ben Bernanke and the Financial Crisis.” New Yorker, Dec. 1.Google Scholar
Chapman, Terrence L., and Dan Reiter. 2004. “The United Nations Security Council and the Rally ‘Round the Flag Effect.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 48. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Charteris-Black, Jonathan. 2009. “Metaphor and Political Communication.” In Metaphor and Discourse, ed. by A. Musloff and J. Zinken, 97–109. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Chertoff: Katrina Scenario Did Not Exist.” CNN.com, Sept. 5, 2005, Web. 9 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Ceaser, James W. 2012. “The Origins and Character of American Exceptionalism.” American Political Thought: A Journal of Ideas, Institutions, and Culture 1.DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ceaser, James W., Glen E. Thurow, Jeffrey Tulis, and James Bessette. 1981. “The Rise of the Rhetorical Presidency.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 11: 158–171.Google Scholar
Chovanec, Jan. 2010. “Legitimation through differentiation: Discursive construction of Jacques Le Worm Chirac as an opponent to military action.” In Perspectives in Political Discourse, ed. by U. Okulska and P. Cap, 61–82. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cienki, A., B. Kaal, and I. Maks. 2010. Mapping world view in political texts using Discourse Space Theory: metaphor as an analytical tool. Paper presented at RaAM 8 conference, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Coe, Kevin, David Domke, Erica S. Graham, Sue Lockett John, and Victor W. Pickard. 2004. “No Shades of Gray: The Binary Discourse of George W. Bush and an Echoing Press.” Journal of Communication, Web. 2 Jan. 2014. <[URL]>. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Jeffrey E. 1995. “Presidential Rhetoric and the Public Agenda.” American Journal of Political Science 39 (1): 87–107. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Coglianese, Cary. 2009. “The Transparency President? The Obama Administration and Open Government.” Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series, Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions 22 (4): 529–544. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cohn, Carol. 1993. “Wars, Wimps, and Women: Talking Gender and Thinking War.” In Gendering War Talk, ed. by M. Cooke, 227–246. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Cohn, Marjorie. 2008. “Afghanistan: The Other Illegal War.” AlterNet, July 31, Web. 9 June 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Coleman, John A. 1970. “Civil Religion.” Sociological Analysis 31(2): 67–77. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Collet, Tanja, and Tom Najem. 2005. “Word Choices in Post-9/11 Speeches and the Identity Construction of the Other.” CPSA Annual Conference 2005, Web. 9 Oct. 2013. <[URL]>.
Colombani, Jean-Marie. 2001. “Nous Sommes Tous Américains.” Le Mond, Sept. 13.Google Scholar
Condit, Celeste Michelle. 1985. “The Functions of Epideictic: The Boston Massacre Orations as Example.” Communication Quarterly 33 (4): 284–299. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Condon, Stephanie. 2010. “Obama Defends Oil Spill Response, Cites Mistakes.” CBS News, May 27, Web. 10 April 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Conger, Jay A. 1991. “Inspiring Others: The Language of Leadership.” McGill University, Academy of Management Executive 5 (1), Web. 15 Mar. 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Costenbader, Chris, Curtis Donahoe, David Dry, Stephen Harvey, and Joshua Miller. 2012. “Just War, National Interest, and the Iraq War: Analyzing the Strategic Rhetoric Used to Mobilize the American Public for War.” Paper, Westmont College, Nov. 29, 2012, Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Cook, Charles E. 2002. “On the Homefront: Politics as Usual?” Washington Quarterly 25 (1): 237–239. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cornwell, Robert. 2003. “In God He Trusts – How George Bush Infused the White House with a Religious Spirit.” London Independent, Feb. 21, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Crick, Nathan. 2012. “Barack Obama and the Rhetoric of Religious Experience.” Journal of Communication and Religion 35(1): 1–15.Google Scholar
“Crisis.” In Oxford Medical Companion (1st ed.), ed. by Walton et al., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Cronon, William. 1996. “The Trouble with Wilderness: Or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature.” Environmental History 1 (1): 7–28. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Cusick, Frederick. 2005. “Activists Link Katrina Crisis, Iraq War.” Inquirer, Sept. 15.Google Scholar
Daily, Matt. 2005. “Rice Denies Race Affected Relief Effort.” Houston Chronicle, Sept. 5.Google Scholar
Daschke, Dereck. 2010. “A Destroyer Will Come Against Babylon: George W. Bush’s Oracles Against the Nation.” In A Cry Instead of Justice: The Bible and Cultures of Violence in Psychological Perspective, ed. by D. Daschke and A. Kille, 156–181. New York: T & T Clark International.Google Scholar
Davis, Tami R., and Sean M. Lynn-Jones. 1987. “Citty Upon a Hill.” Foreign Policy 66: 20–39. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Dean: U.S. Must Face ‘Ugly Truth’ About Katrina.” CNN.com, Web. 17 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
“Defense Planning Guidance.” Excerpts from draft leaked to New York Times, Feb. 18, 1992, Web. 19 May 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Delahunty, Robert, and John Yoo. 2009. “The “Bush Doctrine”: Can Preventive War be Justified?” Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 32 (3): 843–864.Google Scholar
Dennis, Jack. 1976. “Who Supports the Presidency?” Society 13: 48–53. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dolan, Raymond J. 2002. “Emotion, Cognition, and Behavior.” Science 298 (5596): 1191–1194. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dolliver, Mark. 2005. “The Divine and Profane as Hurricane Factors.” Adweek 46, Oct. 10.Google Scholar
Dombey, Daniel, Demetri Sevastopulo, and James Politi. 2008. “Bush To Enter Fray of Bail-Out Talks.” Financial Times, Sept. 25.Google Scholar
Donato, Isaac Ijjo. 2009. “The United States: Crisis Leadership in Times of Transition.” In Framing the Global Economic Downturn: Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recession, ed. by P. ‘t Hart and K. Tindall, 43–68. Canberra, Australia: ANU E Press.Google Scholar
Dow, Bonnie J. 1989. “The Function of Epideictic and Deliberative Strategies in Presidential Crisis Rhetoric.” Western Journal of Speech Communication 53 (3): 294–310. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dowd, Maureen. 2010. “Once More, With Feeling.” New York Times, May 29.Google Scholar
Dunmire, Patricia L. 2007. “‘Emerging Threats’ and ‘Coming Dangers:’ Claiming the Future for Preventive War.” In Discourse, War and Terrorism, ed. by A. Hodges and C. Nilep, 19–43. Philadelphia: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Dynes, Russell R., and Havidán Rodríguez. 2007. “Finding and Framing Katrina: The Social Construction of Disaster.” In The Sociology of Katrina: Perspectives on a Modern Catastrophe, ed. by D. Brunsma, D. Overfelt, and J. Picou, 24–36. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.Google Scholar
Edwards, Jason A. 2011. “Contemporary Conservative Constructions of American Exceptionalism.” Journal of Contemporary Rhetoric 1 (2): 40–54.Google Scholar
Egan, Danielle R. 2002. “Cowardice.” In Collateral Language: A User’s Guide to America’s New War, ed. by J. Collins and R. Glover, 53–64. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Eisenstadt, Michael. 2014. “Presidential Epideictic Rhetoric During Times of Crisis: Barack Obama’s “9/11” Moment.” UNLV, Paper 2077, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Emrich, Cynthia G., Holly H. Brower, and Jack M. Feldman. 2001. “Images in Words: Presidential Rhetoric, Charisma, and Greatness.” Administrative Science Quarterly 46 (3). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Esch, Joanne. 2010. “Legitimizing the “War on Terror”: Political Myth in Official-Level Rhetoric.” Political Psychology 31 (3): 357–391. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fadda, Sandra. “The Use of Metaphor in Political Discourse: The Speeches of George W. Bush.” 33rd ISFC, Web. 9 Oct. 2014, 921–931. <[URL]>.
Fairbanks, James David. 1981. “The Priestly Functions of the Presidency: A Discussion of the Literature on Civil Religion and Its Implications for the Study of Presidential Leadership.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 11: 214–232.Google Scholar
Fairclough, Norman, and Ruth Wodak. 1997. “Critical Discourse Analysis.” In Discourse as Social Interaction, Vol. 2, ed. by Teun A. van Dijk, 258–284. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Farrell, Justin. 2014. “Moral Outpouring: Shock and Generosity in the Aftermath of the BP Oil Spill.” Social Problems 61 (3): 482–506. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fenn, Richard K. 1977. “The Relevance of Bellah’s ‘Civil Religion’ Thesis to a Theory of Secularization.” Social Science History 1 (4): 502–517. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Filardo-Llamas, Laura. 2014. “Between the Union and a United Ireland: Shifting Positions in Northern Ireland’s Post-Agreement Political Discourse.” In From Text to Political Positions: Text Analysis Across Disciplines, ed. by Bertie Kaal, Isa Maks and Annemarie van Elfrinkhof, 207–225. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Fineman, Howard. 2003. “Bush and God.” Newsweek, March 10.Google Scholar
. 2004. “The Gospel According to George.” Newsweek, April 25. Google Scholar
“First Lady: Charges that Racism Slowed Aid ‘Disgusting.’” CNN.com, Sept. 9, 2005, Web. 17 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Fischer Liu, Brooke. 2009. “An Analysis of US Government and Media Disaster Frames.” Journal of Communication Management 13 (3): 268–283. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2007. “President Bush’s Major Post-Katrina Speeches: Enhancing Image Repair Discourse Theory Applied to the Public Sector.” Public Relations Review 33 (1): 40–48. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Focus on the Financial Crisis.” Connection, Swiss Finance Institute, Summer 2011.Google Scholar
Ford, Peter. 2001. “Europe cringes at Bush 'crusade' against terrorists.” The Christian Science Monitor, Sept. 19, 2001. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Forman, Tyron A., and Amanda E. Lewis. 2006. “Racial Apathy and Hurricane Katrina: The Social Anatomy of Prejudice in the Post-Civil Rights Era.” Du Bois Review 3 (1): 175–202. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Foucault, Michael. 1980. “The Eye of Power.” In Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–1977, ed. by C. Gordon, 146–165. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Franklin, Benjamin. 1836. “The Way to Wealth.” In The Works of Benjamin Franklin, Vol. 2, ed. by J. Sparks, 92–103. Boston: American Literature Research and Analysis Website, Florida Gulf Coast University, Web. 3 April 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Friedman, Thomas L. 2010. “Obama and the Oil Spill.” New York Times, May 18.Google Scholar
Gamino, Doris K., Manuel de los Suliman Reyes Garcia Márkina, and Gemma Aktham Pörzgen. 2011. “Der 11. September als Globale Zäsur? Wahrnehmungen aus Lateinamerika, Nahost, Russland und Indonesien.” Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte (Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung), 27.Google Scholar
Gärling, Tommy, Erich Kirchler, Alan Lewis, and Fred van Raaij. 2010. “Psychology, Financial Decision Making, and Financial Crises.” Psychological Science in the Public Interest, March 29.Google Scholar
Gehrig, Gail. 1981. “The American Civil Religion Debate: A Source for Theory Construction.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 20 (1): 51–63. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gerstein, Josh. 2001. “Terror Attacks Spark Cowardly Debate.” abcNews, Sept. 26, 2001, Web. 17 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Gill, Duane A., Steven Picou, and Liesel A. Ritchie. 2010. “The Exxon Valdez and
BP Oil Spills: A Comparison of Initial Social and Psychological Impacts.” American Behavioral Scientist 20 (10): 1–21.Google Scholar
Gillis, Justin. 2010. “Estimates of Oil Flow Jump Higher.” New York Times, June 15.Google Scholar
. 2010. “Size of Oil Spill Underestimated, Scientists Say.” New York Times, May 13.Google Scholar
Goetsch, Paul. 1993. “Präsidentenrhetorik seit F. D. Roosevelt: Eine Einführung.” In Die Rhetorik Amerikanischer Präsidenten seit F. D. Roosevelt, ScriptOralia 54, ed. by P. Goetsch and G. Hurm, 11–30. Tübingen: Narr.Google Scholar
Goldenberg, Suzanne. 2010. “Deepwater Horizon Clean-Up Workers Fight to Prevent Disaster.” Guardian, April 23.Google Scholar
Gore, Albert A. 2010. “Statement by Alliance for Climate Protection Chairman Al Gore on President Obama’s Oval Office Address on the Gulf Oil Disaster.” PRNewswire, June 15, 2010, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Gorski, Philip S. 2011. “Barack Obama and Civil Religion.” In Rethinking Obama (Political Power and Social Theory, Vol. 22), ed. by J. Go, 179–214. Bingley: Emerald Group. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Graham: ‘I Would Never Say This is God’s Judgment.’” CNN.com, Oct. 4, 2005, Web. <[URL]. [URL]>.Google Scholar
Gray, Colin S. 2007. “The Implications of Preemptive and Preventive War Doctrines: A Reconsideration.” Strategic Studies Institute, The U.S. Army War College, Web. 5 Jan. 2014. <[URL] >.
Gray, Madison. 2006. “The Press, Race and Katrina.” Time, Aug. 30.Google Scholar
Griffin, David Ray. 2013. “9/11 Contradictions: Bush in the Classroom on the Morning of September 11, 2001.” Global Research, Sept. 10, Web. 5 Jan. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Gregg, Gary L. 2003. “Crisis Leadership: The Symbolic Transformation of the Bush Presidency.” Perspectives on Political Science 32 (3): 143–148. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Gunn, Joshua. 2004. “The Rhetoric of Exorcism: George W. Bush and the Return of Political Demonology.” Western Journal of Communication 68 (1): 1–23. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hahn, Dan F. 1987. “The Media and the Presidency: Ten Propositions.” Communications Quarterly 35 (3): 254–266. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hall, Wynton C. 2004. “Economically Speaking: George Bush and the Price of Perception.” In Principles vs. Politics: The Rhetorical Education of George Herbert Walker Bush, ed. by M. Medhurst. Austen: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Hamm, Mark S. 2004. “The USA PATRIOT Act and the Politics of Fear.” In Cultural Criminology Unleashed, ed. by J. Ferrell, 287–300. London: The Glass House Press.Google Scholar
Hammond, Philip E. 1976. “The Sociology of American Civil Religion.” Sociological Analysis 37: 169–182. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Han, Lori Cox. 2006. “New Strategies for an Old Medium: The Weekly Radio Addresses of Reagan and Clinton.” Congress and the Presidency 33 (1): 25–45. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hansen, Lene. 2004. “From Bentham to Bush.” In Contemporary Security Analysis and Copenhagen Peace Research, ed. by S. Guzzini and D. Jung, 117–127. London: Routledge. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Harlow, William F. 2010. “Nixon’s Use of Civil Religion to Justify Economic Treaty Violation.” American Communication Journal, 12.Google Scholar
Harrell, Willie J. 2011. “A ‘21st Century Economic Agenda for America’: Barack Obama’s Pre-Presidential Economic Jeremiads.” Canadian Review of American Studies 41 (3): 299–324.Google Scholar
Harrell, Willie J., Jr. 2008. “Call to Political and Social Activism: The Jeremiadic Discourse of Maria Miller Stewart, 1831–1833.” Journal of International Women's Studies 9 (3): Article 17.Google Scholar
2009. “The Reality of American Life Has Strayed From Its Myths: Barack Obama’s The Audacity of Hope and the Discourse of the American Reclamation Jeremiad.” Journal of Black Studies, July 15.Google Scholar
Hart, Roderick P. 2002. “Why Do They Talk That Way? A Research Agenda for the Presidency.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 22 (4): 693–709. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hart, Roderick P., Sharon E. Jarvis, and Elvin T. Lim. 2002. “The American People in Crisis: A Content Analysis.” Political Psychology 23 (3). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hauerwas, Stanley. 2012. “Why War is a Moral Necessity for America.” In From Jeremiad to Jihad: Religion, Violence, and America, ed. by J. Carlson and J. Ebel, 220–232. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Henkel, Kristin E., John F. Dovidio, and Samuel L. Gaertner. 2006. “Institutional Discrimination, Individual Racism, and Hurricane Katrina.” Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 6: 99–124. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Herring, Cedric. 2006. “Hurricane Katrina and the Racial Gulf: A Du Boisian Analysis of Victims’ Experiences.” Du Bois Review 3 (1): 129–144. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Herszenhorn, David M. 2008. “Bailout Plan Wins Approval; Democrats Vow Tighter Rules.” New York Times, Oct. 3.Google Scholar
2009. “Recovery Bill Gets Final Approval.” New York Times, Feb. 13.Google Scholar
Hofstadter, Richard. 1964. “The Paranoid Style in American Politics.” Harper’s Magazine, Nov.Google Scholar
Holland, Steve. 2010. “Bush Rejects Accusations of Racism over Katrina.” Reuters, Nov. 3, Web. 8 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Hope, Mat. 2011. “Framing the “Greatest Environmental Disaster in Our History”: The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill as a Social Event.” Paper for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, March, Chicago, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
Hornick, Ed. 2010. “Is Oil Spill ‘Obama’s Katrina’?” CNN.com, May 4, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Hubanks, Joshua. 2009. “Praise, Blame and Advocacy: An Examination of President George W. Bush’s Post-9/11 Discourse and the Rhetorical Genres that Define It.” Intersections Online 10 (2): 199–225.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations?“ Foreign Affairs 72 (3): 22–49. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Hutcheson, John, David Domke, Andre Billeaudeaux, and Philip Garland. 2004. “U.S. National Identity, Political Elites, and a Patriotic Press Following September 11.” Political Communication 21: 27–50. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ignatieff, Michael. 1998. “Identity Parades.” Prospect, April 20.Google Scholar
“Infinite Justice, Out – Enduring Freedom, In.” BBC.News, Sept. 25, 2001, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Ivie, Robert L. 1994. “Declaring a national Emergency: Truman’s Rhetorical Crisis and the Great Debate of 1951.” In The Modern Presidency and Crisis Rhetoric, ed. by A. Kiewe, 1–18. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.Google Scholar
2007. “Fighting Terror by Rite of Redemption and Reconciliation.” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 10: 221–248. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1980. “Images of Savagery in American Justifications for War.” Communication Monographs 47 (4). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
1990. “Metaphor and the Rhetorical Invention of Cold War ‘Idealists.’” In Cold War Rhetoric: Strategy, Metaphor, and Ideology (Contributions to the Study of Mass Media and Communications: Vol. 19.), ed. by B. Johnpoll, 103–127. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Ivie, Robert L., and Oscar Giner. 2009. “More Good, Less Evil: Contesting the Mythos of National Insecurity in the 2008 Presidential Primaries.” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 12 (2): 279–301. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
James, Colin. 2003. “Moran’s Secret Crusade Against the Tyranny of Saddam.” Adelaide Advertiser, Australia, April 5.Google Scholar
Jamieson, Kathleen Hall, and Karlyn Kohrs Campbell. 1982. “Rhetorical Hybrids: ‘Fusion of Generic Elements.’” Quarterly Journal of Speech 68: 146–157. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Jasinski, James, and John Murphy. 2009. “Time, Space, and Generic Reconstitution: Martin Luther King’s ‘A Time to Break Silence’ as Radical Jeremiad.” In Public Address and Moral Judgment: Critical Studies in Ethical Tensions, ed. by T. Parry-Giles, 97–125. East Lansing: Trevor, Michigan State University Press.Google Scholar
Jendrysik, Mark Stephan. 2006. “Sinners in the Hands of Two Angry White Men: Michael Moore and Bill O’Reilly as Modern Jeremiahs.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois, Apr. 20, Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.
. 2002. “The Modern Jeremiad: Bloom, Bennett, and Bork on American Decline.” Journal of Popular Culture 36 (2): 361–383. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Johannesen, Richard L. 1986. “Ronald Reagan’s Economic Jeremiad.” Central States Speech Journal 37 (2): 79–89. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Jones, David. 2010. “Disaster that Never Was: Why Claims that BP Created History’s Worst Oil Spill May Be the Most Cynical Spin Campaign Ever.” Daily Mail, Aug. 6.Google Scholar
Jones, Jeffrey M. 2010. “Americans See U.S. as Exceptional; 37% Doubt Obama Does.” Gallup, Dec. 22, Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2008. “Bush’s Approval Rating Drops to New Low of 27%.” Gallup, Sept. 30, Web. 5 Dec. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2009. “Obama Averages 63% Approval in His First Quarter.” Gallup, April 17, Web. 23 Nov. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2012. “President’s Support Usually Unaffected by State of Union.” Gallup, Jan. 26, Web. 14 Oct. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2003. “Sept. 11 Effects, Though Largely Faded, Persist.” Gallup, Sept. 9, Web. 5 Dec. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Juhasz, Antonia. 2013. “Why the War in Iraq Was Fought for Big Oil.” CNN.com, April 15, Web. 15 April 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Kahle, Shannon, Nan Yu, and Erin Whiteside. 2007. “Disaster: An Examination of Portrayals of Race in Hurricane Katrina Coverage.” Visual Communication Quarterly 14 (2): 75–89. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kang, Ning. 2009. “Puritanism and its Impact upon American Values.” Review of European Studies 1 (2): 148–159. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kaplan, Lawrence F. 2001. “No Choice.” New Republic, Oct. 1.Google Scholar
“Katrina Victims Blame Racism for Slow Aid.” NBC News, June 12, 2005, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Keller, Punam A., and Lauren G. Block. 1996. “Increasing the Persuasiveness of Fear Appeals: The Effect of Arousal and Elaboration.” Journal of Consumer Research 22 (4): 448–459. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Kellner, Douglas. 2004. “9/11, Spectacles of Terror, and Media Manipulation.” Critical Discourse Studies 1 (1): 41–64. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. “An Orwellian Nightmare: Critical Reflections on the Bush Administration.” UCLA GSEIS, Web. 17 July 2014. <[URL]>.
. 2007. “Bushspeak and the Politics of Lying: Presidential Rhetoric in the ‘War on Terror.’” Presidential Studies Quarterly 37 (4): 622–645. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2007. “The Katrina Hurricane Spectacle and Crisis of the Bush Presidency.” Cultural Studies – Critical Methodologies, SAGE Journals 7: 222–234. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2007. “The Media In and After 9/11: Book Review.” International Journal of Communication 1: 123–142.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Caroline. 2013. “The Manichean Temptation: Moralising Rhetoric and the Invocation of Evil in US Foreign Policy.” International Politics 50. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Khatchadourian, Raffi. 2011. “The Gulf War: Were there any Heroes in the BP Oil Disaster?” New Yorker, March 14.Google Scholar
Kiewe, Amos. 1998. “The Crisis Tool in American Political Discourse.” In Politically Speaking: A Worldwide Examination of Language Used in the Public Sphere, ed. by O. Feldman and Ch. De Landtsheer, 79–90. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Killingsworth, M. Jimmie, and Jacqueline S. Palmer. 1996. “‘Millennial Ecology’: The Apocalyptic Narrative from Silent Spring to Global Warming.” In Green Culture: Environmental Rhetoric in Contemporary America, ed. by C. Herndl and S. Brown, 21–45. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Kittredge, Cynthia Briggs. 2008. “Echoes of Paul in the Speeches of George W. Bush.” In The Bible in the Public Square: Reading the Signs of the Times, ed. by C. Briggs et al., 55–66. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.Google Scholar
Krauss, Clifford, and John Schwartz. 2012. “BP Will Plead Guilty and Pay Over $4 Billion.” New York Times, Nov. 15.Google Scholar
Krauthammer, Charles. 2001. “The Bush Doctrine in American Foreign Policy, a New Motto: Don’t Ask. Tell.” Inside Politics, CNN.com, Web. 3 May 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Kuypers, Jim A. 2007. “From Chaos, Community: The Crisis Leadership of Virginia Tech President Charles W. Steger.” American Communication Journal 9 (1).Google Scholar
Labrecque, Daniel R. “Fearing Terror: The Effects of the Political Climate on George W. Bush’s Use of Fear Rhetoric.” University of Connecticut, Web. 19 Sept. 2012. <[URL]>.
Lake, Anthony. 1994. “Confronting Backlash States.” Foreign Affairs 73. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Lakoff, George. 2011. “Five Years After 9/11: Drop the War Metaphor.” Huffington Post, May 25, Web. 11 Feb. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2003. “Metaphor and War, Again.” AlterNet, March 17, Web. 9 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 1991. “Metaphor and War: The Metaphor System Used to Justify War in the Gulf.” Viet Nam Generation: A Journal of Recent History and Contemporary Issues 3 (3), Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 1995. “Metaphor, Morality, and Politics or Why Conservatives Have Left Liberals in the Dust.” Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research Quarterly 62 (2): 177–213.Google Scholar
. 2001. “Metaphors of Terror.” CSE.Buffalo, Sept. 16, Web. 10 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 1993. “The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor.” In Metaphor and Thought (2nd ed.), ed. by A. Ortony, 202–251. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2009b. “The Obama Code.” The Huffington Post, Feb. 24, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2005. “‘War on Terror,’ Rest in Peace.” AlterNet, July 31, Web. 12 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2010. “Why It Matters How We Frame the Environment.” Environmental Communication 4 (1): 78–81. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Landau, Mark J., Sheldon Solomon, Jeff Greenberg, Florette Cohen, Tom Pyszczynski, Jamie Arndt, Claude H. Miller, Daniel M. Ogilvie, and Alison Cook. 2004. “Deliver Us From Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 30 (9): 1136–1150. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Laqueur, Walter. 1976. “The Futility of Terrorism.” Harper’s Magazine 252 (1510): 99–105.Google Scholar
Lazar, Annita, and Michelle M. Lazar. 2004. “The Discourse of the World Order: ‘Out-Casting’ in the Double Face of Threat.” Discourse & Society 15 (2–3): 223–242. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Levy, Clifford J. 2005. “Post-Katrina, Bricks and Mortals.” New York Times, Sept. 18.Google Scholar
Lipka, Michael. 2013. “5 facts About Atheists.” Pew Research Center, Oct. 23, Web. 21 June 2014. <[URL]>. Google Scholar
Llorente, Marina A. 2002. “Civilization versus Barbarism.” In Collateral Language: A User’s Guide to America’s New War, ed. by J. Collins and R. Glover. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Long, Richard. 1983. “The Role of Audience in Chaïm Perelman’s New Rhetoric.” Journal of Advanced Composition 4.Google Scholar
Luscombe, Richard. 2010. “BP Oil Spill: Michelle Obama Urges US Holidaymakers to Support Gulf Coast.” Guardian, July 13.Google Scholar
Mair, Victor H. 2009. “How a Misunderstanding about Chinese Characters Has Led Many Astray.” Pinyin.info, Web. 3 April 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Majority Disapprove of the Handling of Katrina, Iraq.” CNN.com, Sept. 20, 2005, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Marshall, Brent K., J. Steven Picou, and Duane A. Gill. 2003. “Terrorism as Disaster: Selected Commonalities and Long-Term Recovery for 9/11 Survivors.” Research in Social Problems and Public Policy 11: 73–96. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Marty, Martin E. 1974. “Two Kinds of Two Kinds of Civil Religion.” In American Civil Religion, ed. by R. Richey and D. Jones, 145–146. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
McClay, Wilfred. 2004. “The Soul of a Nation.” Public Interest 155 (4): 4–19.Google Scholar
McClure, Kevin. 2011. “The Rhetoric of Disaster: The Presidential Natural Disaster Address as an Emergent Genre.” Relevant Rhetoric 2: 1–15, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Medhurst, Martin J. 2000. “Text and Context in the 1952 Presidential Campaign: Eisenhower’s “I shall go to Korea” Speech.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 30 (3): 464–484. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2003. “Presidential Speechwriting: Ten Myths that Plague Modern Scholarship.” In Presidential Speechwriting: From the New Deal to the Reagan Revolution and Beyond, ed. by K. Ritter and M. Medhurst, 3–19. United States: Library of Congress.Google Scholar
2007. “Rhetorical Leadership and the Presidency: A Situational Taxonomy.” In The Values of Presidential Leadership, ed. by T. Price and J. Wren, 59–84. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Merskin, Debra. 2004. “The Construction of Arabs as Enemies: Post-September 11 Discourse of George W. Bush.” Mass Communication & Society 7 (2): 157–175. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Miller, S. A., and Sean Lengell. 2008. “Bush Signs Wall Street Bailout.” Washington Times, Oct. 4.Google Scholar
Mishra, Smeeta. 2007. “‘Saving’ Muslim Women and Fighting Muslim Men: Analysis of Representations in The New York Times.” Global Media Journal 6 (11).Google Scholar
Moore, David W. 2001. “Bush Job Approval Highest in Gallup History. Widespread Public Support for War on Terrorism.” Gallup, Sept. 24, Web. 14 Mar. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2005. “Katrina Hurt Blacks and Poor Victims Most.” Gallup, Oct. 25, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
2005. “Public Response to Katrina Better Now Than Just After Hurricane Hit Katrina.” Gallup, Sept. 13, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Morales, Lymari. 2010. “Americans Critical of Oil Spill Response; Keeping Close Tabs President Obama’s Efforts Rated More Positively than BP’s.” Gallup, May 27, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Morris, Nigel. 2013. “Spike in Suicide Rate in Europe and US Linked to Financial Crisis.” Independent, Sept. 13.Google Scholar
Mouawad, Jad. 2005. “Katrina’s Shock to the System.” New York Times, Sept. 4.Google Scholar
Murphy, Andrew R., and Elisabeth Hanson. 2012. “From King Philip’s War to September 11: Religion, Violence, and the American Way.” In From Jeremiad to Jihad: Religion, Violence, and America, ed. by J. Carlson and J. Ebel, 29–47. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Murphy, John M. 1990. “‘A Time of Shame and Sorrow’: Robert F. Kennedy and the American Jeremiad.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 76: 401–414. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Murphy, Andrew. 2009. “New Israel in New England: The American Jeremiad and the Hebrew Scriptures.” Hebraic Political Studies 4 (2): 128–156.Google Scholar
Murphy, John M. 2015. “No End Save Victory: FDR and the End of Isolationism 1936–1941.” In Making the Case: Studies in Public Advocacy in Honor of David Zarefsky, ed. by K. Olson, K. Wilson, and M. Pfau. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.Google Scholar
2003. “‘Our Mission and Our Moment’: George W. Bush and September 11th.” Rhetoric and Public Affairs 6 (4): 607–632. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
2009. “Political Economy and Rhetorical Matter.” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 12 (2): 303–315. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Murphy, Robert P. 2010. “Did Hoover Really Slash Spending?” Mises Daily, Mises Institute, May 31, Web. 3 April 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Murse, Tom. “State of the Union Ratings.” About.com, Web. 14 Oct. 2013. <[URL]>.
Nagurney, Adam. 2008. “Obama Wins Election; McCain Loses as Bush Legacy Is Rejected.” New York Times, Nov. 4.Google Scholar
Neil, Andrew. 2010. “Stop the Anti-British Rhetoric.” Daily Best, June 13, Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Newly-Released Memo by Donald Rumsfeld Proves Iraq War Started On False Pretenses.” Washington’s Blog, Feb. 20, 2013, Web. 15 April 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“New Orleans City Council President: “Maybe God’s Going to Cleanse Us.” LifeSiteNews, Sept. 1, 2005, Web. 14 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“New Orleans in Peril.” (Editorial) New York Times, Aug. 31, 2005, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Newport, Frank. 2004. “Almost All Americans Consider World War II a “Just” War.” Gallup, June 3, Web. 21 June 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2008. “Americans Favor Congressional Action on Crisis.” Gallup, Sept. 26, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2010a. “Americans Want BP to Pay All Losses, No Matter the Cost.” Gallup, June 15, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2010b. “Obama Receives 44% Approval on Oil Spill While BP Gets 16%.” Gallup, June 21, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2012. “In U.S., 77% Identify as Christian.” Gallup, Dec. 24, Web. 23 March 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2006. “Little Impact of Katrina on Bush’s Overall Job Ratings.” Gallup, Aug. 29, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2011. “More Than 9 in 10 Americans Continue to Believe in God.” Gallup, June 3, Web. 21 June 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2001. “Overwhelming Support for War Continues.” Gallup, Nov. 29, 2001, Web. 17 June 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2003. “Seventy-Two Percent of Americans Support War Against Iraq: Bush Approval up 13 Points to 71%.” Gallup, March 24, Web. 23 March 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2009. “Views on Government Aid Depend on the Program.” Gallup, Feb. 24, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Nocera, Joe. 2008. “As Credit Crisis Spiraled, Alarm Led to Action.” New York Times, Oct. 1.Google Scholar
Nünning, Ansgar. 2007. “Grundzüge einer Narratologie der Krise: Wie aus einer Situation ein Plot und eine Krise (Konstruiert) Werden.” In Krisis! Krisenszenarien, Diagnosen, und Diskursstrategien, ed. by H. Grunwald and M. Pfister, 48–71. Munich: Fink.Google Scholar
“Obama Heads to Gulf as Oil Spill Stakes Soar.” CBS News, May 28, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Obama Oil Spill Commission’s Final Report Blames Disaster on Cost-Cutting by BP and Partners.” Daily Telegraph, Jan. 5, 2011, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
O’Connell, David J. 2012. “God Wills It: Presidents and the Political Use of Religion.” Columbia University, Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <[URL]>.
“Oil Estimate Raised to 35,000–60,000 Barrels a Day.” CNN, June 16, 2010, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Oil Spill Seen As Ecological Disaster; Government, BP Responses Faulted.” Pew Research Center, May 11, 2010, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Opie, John, and Norbert Elliot. 1996. “Tracking the Elusive Jeremiad: The Rhetorical Character of American Environmental Discourse.” In The Symbolic Earth: Discourse and Our Creation of the Environment, ed. by J. Cantrill and Ch. Oravec, 9–37. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.Google Scholar
Palmerton, Patricia R. 1988. “The Rhetoric of Terrorism and Media Response to the ‘Crisis in Iran.’” Western Journal of Speech Communication 52: 105–121. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Park, Yoosun, and Joshua Miller. 2006. “The Social Ecology of Hurricane Katrina: Re-Writing the Discourse of “Natural” Disasters.” Smith College Studies in Social Work 76 (3): 9–24. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Parker, Kathleen. 2001. “Silenced but Never Silent.” Positive Atheism, Oct. 1, Web. 7 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Parry, Wynne. 2012. “What ‘American Values’ Really Means.” Live Science, Jan. 26, Web. 12 Sept. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Pentagon Gets PR Bulls-Eye.” O’Dwyer’s PR Daily, April 11, 2003, Web. 11 Nov. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Perelman, Chaïm. 1970. “The New Rhetoric: A Theory of Practical Reasoning.” In The Great Ideas Today, Chicago: Encyclopedia Brittanica, 264–274.Google Scholar
Pfau, Michael William. 2007. “Who’s Afraid of Fear Appeals? Contingency, Courage, and Deliberation in Rhetorical Theory and Practice.” Philosophy & Rhetoric 40 (2): 216–237. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Poll: 70% Say BP Handling Oil Spill Badly.” CBS News, May 25, 2010, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Pratt, James W. 1970. “An Analysis of Three Crisis Speeches.” Western Journal of Speech Communication 34: 194–203. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Presidential Approval Ratings – Barack Obama.” Gallup, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.
“Presidential Approval Ratings – Gallup Historical Statistics and Trends.” Gallup, Web. 9 Sept. 2013. <[URL]>.
“Presidential Approval Ratings – George W. Bush.” Gallup, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
“Presidential Job Approval Center – G. W. Bush.” Gallup, Web. 5 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.
“President Obama Must Reinstate Moratorium on Offshore Drilling.” Greenpeace USA Blog, April 30, 2010, Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Preventive War: A Failed Doctrine.” New York Times (Editorial), Sept. 12, 2004.Google Scholar
Puar, Jasbir K, and Amit Rai. 2002. “Monster, Terrorist, Fag: The War on Terrorism and the Production of Docile Patriots.” Social Text 20 (3): 117–148. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Quarantelli, Enrico L. 1996. “Local Mass Media Operations in Disasters in the USA.” Disaster Prevention and Management 5 (5): 1–6. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Qutami, Mais, and Suha Qutami. 2013. “Exporting Democracy and Liberating Women: An Examination of a Debilitating Rhetoric.” English Language and Literature Studies, Canadian Center of Science and Education 3 (1): 122–131.Google Scholar
Rediehs, Laura J. 2002. “Evil.” In Collateral Language: A User’s Guide to America’s New War, ch. 5, ed. by J. Collins and R. Glover. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Reisigl, Martin. 2006. “Rhetorical Tropes in Political Discourse.” In The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (2nd ed., Vol. 10), ed. by K. Brown, 596–605. Boston: Elsevier. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Religion.” Gallup, 2004, Web. 5 Dec. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Ricoeur, Paul. 1991. “The Creativity of Language.” In A Ricoeur Reader, ed. by M. Valdés, 463–481. Harvester Wheatsheaf: Hertfordshire.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1990. “Political Science and Rational Choice.” In Perspectives on Positive Political Economy, ed. by J. Alt and K. Shepsle, 162–181. New York: Cambridge University Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ritter, Kurt W. 1980. “American Political Rhetoric and the Jeremiad Tradition: Presidential Nomination Acceptance Addresses, 1960–1976.” Central States Speech Journal 31: 153–171. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Robertson, Campbell, and Clifford Krauss. 2010. “Gulf Spill Is the Largest of Its Kind, Scientists Say.” New York Times, Aug. 2.Google Scholar
Robinson, Michael J. 2007. “Two Decades of American News Preferences.” Pew Research Center, Aug. 22, Web. 16 Aug. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Roof, Wade Clark. 2009. “Presidential Rhetoric from Reagan to G. W. Bush: Another Look at Civil Religion.” Social Compass 56 (2): 286–301. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rose, Jacqueline. 2000. “Edward Said Talks to Jacqueline Rose.” In Edward Said and the Work of the Critic: Speaking Truth to Power, ed. by P. Bové. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Emily S. 2002. “Rescuing Women and Children.” The Journal of American History 89 (2): “History and September 11: A Special Issue,” Organization of American Historians, 456–465. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rosteck, Thomas, and Thomas S. Frentz. 2009. “Myth and Multiple Readings in Environmental Rhetoric: The Case of an Inconvenient Truth.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 95 (1): 1–19. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Rove, Karl. 2010. “Yes, the Gulf Spill Is Obama’s Katrina.” Wall Street Journal, May 27.Google Scholar
Rutenberg, Jim, and Adam Nagourney. 2009. “Melding Obama’s Web to a YouTube Presidency.” New York Times, Jan. 25.Google Scholar
Saeger, Joni. 2006. “Noticing Gender (or Not) in Disasters.” Geoforum (Editorial) 37: 2–3. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Said, Edward. 1998. “The Myth of ‘The Clash of Civilizations.’” Media Education Foundation, Transcript (Lecture), Web. 8 Sept. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2001. “The Clash of Ignorance.” The Nation, Oct. 22. Google Scholar
. 2003. “A Window on the World.” The Guardian, Aug. 2.Google Scholar
Salter, Mark B. 2003. “The Clash of Civilisations and the War on Terror(ists): An Imperialist Discourse.” Global Dialogue 5 (1–2), Web. 10 Sept. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Sánchez Mugica, Alfonso. 2011. “U.S.–U.K. Diplomatic Differences On the Oil Spill.” Voices of Mexico 90: 108–111.Google Scholar
Sanger, David E. 2005. “Bush Compares Responses to Hurricane and Terrorism.” New York Times, Sept. 22, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Schlesinger, Philip. 1991. “Media, the Political Order and National Identity.” Media, Culture and Society 13: 297–308. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, Brad, and Jeffrey Winters. 2002. “Anxiety After 9/11.” Psychology Today, Jan. 1, Web. 5 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Schramm, Stefanie, and Claudia Wüstenhagen. 2012. “Die Macht der Worte.” Zeit Online Wissen, Web. 5 Dec. 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Schulzke, Eric. 2005. “Wilsonian Crisis Leadership, the Organic State, and the Modern Presidency.” Polity 37 (2): 262–285. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Seeger, Matthew W., Timothy L. Sellnow, and Robert R. Ulmer. 1998. “Communication, Organization and Crisis.” In Communication Yearbook, Vol. 21, ed. by M. Roloff, 231–275. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
“Shaping Economic Reality: A Critical Metaphor Analysis of President Barack Obama’s Economic Language During His First 100 Days.” Gnovis, Georgetown University, Dec. 22, 2009, Web. 17 May 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Robert Y., and Brice M. Conforto. 1980. “Presidential Performance the Economy, and the Public’s Evaluation of Economic Conditions.” The Journal of Politics 42 (1): 49–67. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Shribman, David. 1994. “Presidents and Prayers.” Boston Globe, Dec. 11.Google Scholar
Simon, Julian L. 1995. “Why Do We Hear Prophecies of Doom From Every Side?” The Futurist 29 (1): 19–23.Google Scholar
Singer, Ross. 2010. “Neoliberal Style, the American Re-Generation, and Ecological Jeremiad in Thomas Friedman’s ‘Code Green.’” Environmental Communication 4 (2). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Skeggs, Angela. 2002. “Community: The Thread that Holds Individuals Together.” Constructing the Past 3 (1), Web. 2 Dec. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Smith, Craig Allen. 2005. “President Bush’s Enthymeme of Evil: The Amalgamation of 9/11, Iraq, and Moral Values.” American Behavioral Scientist 49 (32): 32–47. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Smith, Craig R. 2011. “Compromising the Manichaean Style: A Case Study of the 2006 State of the Union Address.” American Communication Journal 13 (2): 23–43.Google Scholar
Smith, Gary. 2008. “The American Presidency: Looking Forward, Looking Back.” Focus on Law Studies 24 (1).Google Scholar
Smith, Paul. 2004. “Why ‘We’ Lovehate ‘You.’” Contemporary Conflicts SSRC, Mar. 26, Web. 5 Dec. 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Soltysik Monnet, Agnieszka. 2012. “War and National Renewal: Civil Religion and Blood Sacrifice in American Culture.” In European Journal of American Studies, special issue: “Wars and New Beginnings in American History”.Google Scholar
Sobel, Russel S., and Peter T. Leeson. 2006. “Government’s Response to Hurricane Katrina: A Public Choice Analysis.” Public Choice 127 (1–2): 55–73. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Sommers, Samuel R., Evan P. Apfelbaum, Kristin Dukes, and Elsie J. Wang. 2006. “Race and Media Coverage of Hurricane Katrina: Analysis, Implications, and Future Research Questions.” Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 6 (1): 1–17. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Sontag, Susan. 2001. “The Talk of the Town.” New Yorker, Sept. 24.Google Scholar
Spiegelman, Arthur. 2005. “President Bush’s “Brownie” Quote Wins Award.” Common Dreams, Dec. 30, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. 1988. “Can the Subaltern Speak?“ In Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, ed. by C. Nelson and L. Grossberg, 271–310. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Stephanson, Wen. 2010. “American Jeremiad: A Manifesto.” New York Times, March 23.Google Scholar
Stigler, George J. 1973. “General Economic Conditions and National Elections.” The American Economic Review 63 (2): 160–167.Google Scholar
Stuckey, Mary E. 2010. “Rethinking the Rhetorical Presidency and Presidential Rhetoric.” The Review of Communication 10 (1): 38–52. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Talbot, David. 2001. “The ‘Traitor’ Fires Back.” Salon, Oct. 16.Google Scholar
“Taliban Speech in Full.” The Telegraph, Sept. 19, 2001, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
“Terrorism in the United States.” Gallup, Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.
Teten, Ryan Lee. 2007. “We the People: The ‘Modern’ Rhetorical Popular Address of the Presidents during the Founding Period.” Political Research Quarterly 60 (4): 669–682. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
‘t Hart, Paul, Karen Tindall, and Christer Brown. 2009. “Crisis Leadership of the Bush Presidency: Advisory Capacity and Presidential Performance in the Acute Stages of the 9/11 and Katrina Crises.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 39 (3): 473–493. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
‘t Hart, Paul, and Karen Tindall. 2009. “Understanding Crisis Exploitation: Leadership, Rhetoric and Framing Contests in Response to the Economic Meltdown.” In Framing the Global Economic Downturn: Crisis Rhetoric and the Politics of Recessions, ed. by P. ‘t Hart and K. Tindall, 21–40. Canberra: ANU E Press. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“The 2006 Pulitzer Prize Winners.” Pulitzer Prizes, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
“The US Refuses to Negotiate with the Taliban.” BBC.co.uk, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.
Thibodeau, Paul H., and Lera Boroditsky. 2011. “Metaphors We Think With: The Role of Metaphor in Reasoning.” PLoS ONE 6 (2), Feb. 23, Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Tierney, Kathleen, Christine Bevc, and Erica Kuligowski. 2006. “Metaphors Matter: Disaster Myths, Media Frames, and Their Consequences in Hurricane Katrina.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 604: 57–81. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“Translated Text of Bin Laden Broadcast.” New York Times, Oct. 8, 2001.Google Scholar
“Treaty Room.” White House Museum, Web. 28 Feb. 2014. <[URL]>.
Tulis, Jeffrey K. 1996. “Revising the Rhetorical Presidency.” In Beyond the Rhetorical Presidency, ed. by M. Medhurst, 3–14. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Urbina, Ian. 2010. “U.S. Said to Allow Drilling Without Needed Permits.” New York Times, May 14.Google Scholar
“U.S. Must Hit Reset Button with BP.” Financial Times, June 11, 2010.Google Scholar
Van Alstyne, Andrew D. 2002. “Freedom.” In Collateral Language: A User’s Guide to America’s New War, ch. 6, ed. by J. Collins and R. Glover. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
“Waiting for a Leader.” New York Times (Editorial), Sept. 1, 2005, Web. 9 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Wagner, Norbert, and Michal Machnowski. “BP: Barack’s Problem.” KAS Länderbericht, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
Wallis, Jim. 2003. “George W. Bush’s Theology of Empire.” Sojourner’s Magazine, Sept./Oct.Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 2001. “America and the World: The Twin Towers as Metaphor.” SSRC, Dec. , Web. 5 Dec. 2012. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Wander, Phillip. 1984. “The Rhetoric of American Foreign Policy.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 70 (4): 339–361. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Ward Howe, Julia. 1917. “The Battle Hymn of the Republic.” The Journal of Education 86 (17): 453.Google Scholar
Warner, Jamie. 2008. “Tyranny of the Dichotomy: Prophetic Dualism, Irony, and The Onion.” The Electronic Journal of Communication 18: 2–4.Google Scholar
Warrick, Joby. 2006. “White House Got Early Warning on Katrina.” Washington Post, Jan. 26.Google Scholar
Weber, Max. 2009. “Discipline and Charisma.” In Essays in Sociology, ed. by M. Weber, 262–267. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Wellford, Rachel. 2016. “Who delivered the longest State of the Union and other trivia.” PBS NewsHours, Web. 14 Jan. 2016 <[URL]>
Wheaton, Sarah. 2010. “Protesters Gather at BP Stations.” The New York Times, June 3.Google Scholar
“When Fortune Frowned.” The Economist, Oct. 11, 2008.Google Scholar
Whissell, Cynthia M. 1989. “The Dictionary of Affect in Language.” In Emotion: Theory, Research and Experience, ed. by R. Plutchnik and H. Kellerman, 131–131. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
2009. “Using the Revised Dictionary of Affect in Language to Quantify the Emotional Undertones of Samples of Natural Language.” Psychological Reports 105: 1–13. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
“White House Rejects Clerics’ Recommendation.” CNN.com, Sept. 20, 2001, Web. 8 Aug. 2013. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Williams, Paul. 2008. “Twenty-First-Century Jeremiad: Contemporary Hip-Hop and American Tradition.” European Journal of American Culture 27 (2): 111–132. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Williams, Ray. 2014. “Why We Love Bad News More Than Good News.” Psychology Today, Nov. 1, Web. 16 Aug. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Wilson, W. 1975. “Abraham Lincoln: A Man of the People.” In A. Link (ed.), The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, Vol. 19. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Windt, Theodor Otto, Jr. 1986. “Presidential Rhetoric: Definition of a Field of Study.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 16 (1): The Media and the Presidency, Winter, 102–116.Google Scholar
Windt, Theodore O. 1987. “The Presidency and Speeches on International Crises: Repeating the Rhetorical Past.” In Essays in Presidential Rhetoric (3rd ed.), ed. by T. Windt and B. Ingold, 91–100. Dubuque, IA: Dubuque, Kendall Hunt Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Wodak, Ruth. 2009. “Language and Politics.” In English Language: Description, Variation and Context, ed. by R. Wodak et al., 576–593. Basingstoke: Palgrave.DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, Dylan. 2008. “The Ecological Jeremiad, the American Myth, and the Vivid Force of Color in Dr. Seuss’s The Lorax.” Environmental Communication 2 (1). DOI logoGoogle Scholar
Yardle, William, and Maria Newman. 2005. “Bush Denies Racial Component to Government’s Effort After Storm.” New York Times, Sept. 12.Google Scholar
Zarefsky, David. 2003. “Four Senses of Rhetorical History.” In Doing Rhetorical History: Concepts and Cases, ed. by K. Turner. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
. 2004. “George W. Bush Discovers Rhetoric.” In The Ethos of Rhetoric, ed. by M. Hyde, 136–155. Columbus, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press.Google Scholar
. 2004. “Presidential Rhetoric and the Power of Definition.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 34 (3): 607–619. DOI logoGoogle Scholar
. 2008. “The Presidency Has Always Been a Place for Rhetorical Leadership.” In The Presidency and Rhetorical Leadership, ed. by L. Dorsey. Texas: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Zeleny, Jeff. 2008. “Obama Weighs Quick Undoing of Bush Policy.” New York Times, Nov. 10.Google Scholar
Zelizer, Julian. 2009. “Five Turning Points of the Decade.” CNN.com, Dec. 22, Web. 10 Feb. 2015. <[URL]> Google Scholar
Žižek, Slavoj. 2004. “Iraq’s False Promises.” Foreign Policy, Jan./Feb, pp. 43–49.Google Scholar
Government Publications
Blake, Eric S. et al. 2011. “The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones From 1851 to 2010 (and other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts).” NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6, National Hurricane Center, Web. 7 June 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement. 2011. “Report Regarding the Causes of the April 20, 2010 Macondo Well Blowout.” National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Sept. 14, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
Duelfer, Charles A. 2004. “Comprehensive Report of the Special Advisor to the Director of Central Intelligence on Iraq’s WMD.” U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, Web. 5 Nov. 2013. <[URL]>.
Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2014. “About Hurricane Katrina.” FEMA.gov, June 24, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2006. “By the Numbers – One Year Later.” FEMA.gov, Aug. 22, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Iraq Study Group. 2006. “The Iraq Study Group Report: The Way Forward – A New Approach.” Dec. 6, Web. 5 Dec. 2013. <[URL]>.
Knabb, Richard D. et al.. 2005. “Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Katrina: 23–30 August 2005.” National Hurricane Center, Dec. 20, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
National Bureau of Economic Research. “The NBER’s Business Cycle Dating Procedure: Frequently Asked Questions.” NBER, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.
. “US Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions.” NBER, Web. 31 May 2015. <[URL]>.
National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States. 2004. “The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States.” Aug. , Web. 2 Feb. 2013. <[URL]>.
National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling. 2011. “Deep Water: The Gulf Oil Disaster and the Future of Offshore Drilling.” Report to the President, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 1949. “The North Atlantic Treaty.” April 4. NATO, Web. 6 Mar. 2014 <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Obama, Barack H., and Joe Biden. 2008. “Blueprint for Change: Obama and Biden’s Plan for America.” Web. 17 May 2015. <[URL]>.
Prados, Alfred B. 2002. “Iraq-U.S. Confrontation.” Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Romer, Christina, and Jared Bernstein. 2009. “The Job Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan.” Jan. 9, Web. 17 May 2015. <[URL]>.
Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina. 2006. “A Failure of Initiative: Supplementary Report and Document Annex.” House Report 109–396, March 16, Web. 19 April 2014. <[URL]>.
The White House. 2003. “National Strategy for Combating Terrorism.” Feb. 14, Web. 18, Mar. 2012. <[URL]>.
. 2003. “Press Briefing by Ari Fleischer.” White House Press Release, 24 March 2003, The White House: G. W. Bush (Archived), Web. 7 June, 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
. 2002. “The National Security Strategy of the United States of America.” Sept., Web. 5 Jan. 2014. <[URL]>.
United Nations, Department of Public Information. 2001. “Security Council Condemns, ‘In Strongest Terms’, Terrorist Attacks on United States; Unanimously Adopting Resolution 1368 (2001).” Release SC/7143, Security Council 4370th Meeting (PM), Web. 23 July 2014. <[URL]>.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2012. “The Recession of 2007–2009.” BLS Spotlight on Statistics and the Recession of 2007–2009, Web. 16 June 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. 2005. “American Community Survey – Special Data Studies – 2005 Gulf Coast Area.” Census.gov, Web. 10 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
U. S. Congress. 2009. “American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.” Feb. 17, 2009, Pub. L. 111–5, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
U.S. Congress. 2001. “Authorization for Use of Military Force against Terrorists.” Sept. 14, Pub. L. 107–40, S.J.Res. 23, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
. 2008. “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA).” Oct. 3, Pub. L. 110–343, Web. 18 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.
. 2002. “Freedom Promotion Act of 2002.” June 23, 2002, House Resolution 3969, did not pass, Web. 7 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
. 2001. “Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorist Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act).” Oct. 26, Pub. L. 107–56, 115 Stat. 272, Web. 4 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.
U.S. President. 2001. “National Day of Prayer and Remembrance for the Victims Of the Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001.” Proclamation 7462, Web. 5. Mar. 2013. <[URL]>.
Websites
American Rhetoric, Web. 9 Sept. 2015. <[URL]>.
Committee for the Liberation of Iraq (Archived), Web. 7 Nov. 2014. <[URL]>.
Gallup, Web. 9 Sept. 2013. <[URL]>.
Obama-Biden Transition Project, Web. 9 June 2015. <[URL]>.
Organizing For Action: Barack Obama, Web. 15 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.
Presidential Rhetoric, Web. 5 Oct. 2014. <[URL]>.
September 11 News, Web. 22 June 2014. <[URL]>.
The American Presidency Project, Web. 12 Dec. 2014. <[URL]>.
The White House: G. W. Bush (Archived), Web. 7 June 2014. <[URL]>.
The White House: President Barack Obama (Archived), Web. 15 May 2014. <[URL]>.
The White House YouTube Channel, Web. 9 June 2015. <[URL]>.
Washington National Cathedral, Web. 7 Nov. 2013. <[URL]>.
Wordle, Web. 18 Sept. 2014. <[URL]>.
Speeches
Bush, George W. 2000. “Speech in Florence.” South Carolina, Jan. 11.
. 2001a. “Remarks at Emma Booker Elementary School.” Sarasota, Florida, Sept. 11.
. 2001b. “9/11 Remarks at Barksdale Air Force Base.” Louisiana, Sept. 11.
. 2001c. “Address to the Nation.” Oval Office, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 11.
. 2001d. “Speech at the National Day of Prayer and Remembrance Ceremony.” National Cathedral, Washington D.C., Sept. 14.
. 2001e. “Bullhorn Address to Ground Zero Rescue Workers.” Ground Zero, New York City, Sept. 14.
. 2001f. “Statement during a Call with Several World Leaders.” Camp David, Maryland, Sept. 15.
. 2001g. “Remarks in a Meeting with the National Security Team and an Exchange with Reporters at Camp David.” Maryland, Sept. 15.
. 2001h. “Radio Address of the President to the Nation.” Camp David, Maryland, Sept. 15.
. 2001i. “Remarks by the President Upon Arrival.” South Lawn, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 16.
. 2001j. “Statement on Bringing down Osama Bin Laden.” Pentagon, Washington D.C., Sept. 17.
. 2001k. “Address to a Joint Session of Congress Following 9/11 Attacks.” ­Washington D.C., Sept. 20.
. 2001l. “Speech at O’Hare Airport.” Chicago, Illinois, Sept. 27.
. 2001m. “The President’s Statement from the White House’s Office of the Press Secretary.” Treaty Room, Washington D.C., Oct. 7.
. 2001n. “Press Conference with President G. W. Bush.” White House, Washington D.C., Oct. 11.
. 2001o. “President Discusses War on Terrorism.” World Congress Center, Atlanta, Georgia, Nov. 8.
. 2002a. “State of the Union Address 2002.” U.S. Congress, Washington D.C., Jan. 29.
. 2002b. “Speech at the Graduation Exercise of the United States Military ­Academy.” West Point, New York, June 1.
. 2002c. “Speech to the UN General Assembly.” New York City, Sept. 12.
. 2002d. “Remarks on the Iraqi Threat at the Cincinnati Museum Center.” Ohio, Oct. 7.
. 2003. “Presidential Address to the Nation.” Oval Office, White House, March 19.
. 2005c. “Remarks on Hurricane Relief Efforts.” Oval Office, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 1.
. 2005d. “President Tours Biloxi, Mississippi Hurricane Damaged Neighborhoods.” Biloxi, Mississippi, Sept. 2.
. 2005e. “Briefing on the Hurricane from the Mobile Regional Airport in ­Alabama.” Sept. 2.
. 2005f. “Remarks on Hurricane Recovery Efforts at Louis Armstrong New Orleans.” International Airport in Kenner, Louisiana, Sept. 2.
. 2005h. “Address to the Nation on Hurricane Katrina.” New Orleans, Louisiana, Sept. 15.
. 2005i. “Speech before the Republican Jewish Coalition.” Washington D.C., Sept. 21.
. 2006a. “White House Press Conference.” Washington D.C., Aug. 21.
. 2006b. “Status of the Nation and the War: The President’s News Conference.” White House, Washington D.C., Dec. 20.
. 2008a. “Speech at the Economic Club of New York.” New York Hilton Hotel, New York, Mar. 14.
. 2008b. “President Bush Discusses Economy.” Oval Colonnade, Washington, D.C., Sept. 18.
. 2008c. “Address on the Economy.” Rose Garden, White House, Washington, D.C., Sept. 19.
. 2008d. “The President’s Radio Address.” Cabinet Room, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 20.
. 2008e. “The President’s News Conference With President Alvaro Uribe Velez of Colombia.” Rose Garden, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 20.
. 2008f. “Primetime Address to the Nation.” East Room, White House, Washington D.C., Sept. 24.Google Scholar
Bush, George, and Vaclav Havel. 2002. “Press Conference by US President George W. Bush and Vaclav Havel.” President of the Czech Republic, NATO Summit, Prague, Nov. 20. Web. 15 Aug. 2015 <[URL]>
Clinton, William J. B. 1995. “Oklahoma Bombing Memorial Prayer Service Address.” Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, April 23.
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 1944. “Order of the Day” (Statement Given Prior to the Invasion/ ‘D-Day Speech’). England, June 6.
Kennedy, John F. 1959. “Speech at the United Negro College Fund Fundraiser.” Indianapolis, Indiana, April 12.
. 1961a. “First Inaugural Address.” U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., Jan. 20.
. 1961b. “Speech before a Joint Session of Congress.” Washington D.C., May 25.
. 1962. “Cuban Missile Crisis Address to the Nation, Radio and Television Address.” Washington D.C., Oct. 22.
. 1963. “Remarks at the 11th Annual Presidential Prayer Breakfast.” Mayflower Hotel, Washington D.C., Feb. 7.
Kennedy, Robert F. 1968. “A Time of Shame and Sorrow.” City Club of Cleveland, Ohio, April 5.
King, Martin Luther Jr. 1963. “Normalcy, Never Again” (‘I Have A Dream Speech’). on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C., Aug. 28.
Lincoln, Abraham. 1861a. “First Inaugural Address.” U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., Mar. 4.
. 1861b. “State of the Union Address” (First Annual Message), U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., Dec. 4.
. 1863. “Gettysburg Address.” Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Nov. 19.
Obama, Barack H. 2008. “Senate Floor Speech in Support of the Wall Street Bailout Bill.” U.S. Senate, Washington D.C., Oct. 1.
. 2009a. “First Presidential Inaugural Address.” U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., Jan. 20.
. 2009b. “First Weekly Address to the Nation.” Briefing Room, White House, Washington D.C., Jan. 24.
. 2009c. “Push for a Stimulus: Primetime Press Conference.” East Room, White House, Washington D.C., Feb. 9.
. 2009d. “Weekly Address to the Nation.” Briefing Room, White House, Washington D.C., Feb. 14.
. 2009e. “Remarks Upon Signing the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.” Denver, Colorado, Feb. 17.
. 2009f. “Address to a Joint Session of Congress.” Washington D.C., Feb. 24.
. 2010a. “Remarks by the President on Energy Security at Andrews Air Force Base.” Morningside, Maryland, March 31.
. 2010b. “Remarks by the President.” Rose Garden, White House, Washington D.C., April 29.
. 2010c. “Remarks by the President on the Oil Spill.” Venice, Louisiana, May 2.
. 2010d. “Remarks by the President on the Ongoing Oil Spill Response.” Rose Garden, White House, Washington D.C., May 14.
. 2010e. “Remarks by the President on the Gulf Oil Spill.” White House, ­Washington D.C., May 27.
. 2010f. “Remarks by the President After Briefing on BP Oil Spill.” U.S. Coast Guard Station Grande Isle Grande Isle, Louisiana, May 28.
. 2010g. “Remarks by the President to the Nation on the BP Oil Spill.” Oval Office, White House, Washington D.C., June 15.
. 2014. “Remarks by the President at Hurricane Preparedness Briefing.” FEMA Headquarters, Washington D.C., May 30.
Reagan, Ronald. 1983. “Remarks at the Annual Convention of the National Association of Evangelicals in Orlando.” Florida, March 8.
. 1986. “Speech after the Explosion of the Space Shuttle Challenger.” Oval Office, White House, Washington D.C., Jan. 28.
. 1989. “Farewell Address to the Nation.” Oval Office, White House, Washington D.C., Jan. 11.
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1933a. “First Inaugural Address.” U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., March 4.
. 1933b. “Radio Broadcast, First Fireside Chat.” Washington D.C., March 12.
. 1936. “Fireside Chat Radio Broadcast on the Drought and the Dust Bowl.” Washington, D.C., Sept. 6.
. 1940. “The Great Arsenal of Democracy.” Radio Broadcast, Washington D.C., Dec. 29.
. 1941a. “State of the Union Address 1941.” U.S. Capitol, Washington D.C., Jan. 6.
. 1941b. “Speech to Congress after the Pearl Harbor Attack.” Washington D.C., Dec. 8.
. 1944. “D-Day Prayer.” Washington D.C., June 6.
Sermons
Danforth, Samuel. 1670. “A Brief Recognition of New-Englands Errand into the Wilderness.” An Online Electronic Text Edition, Faculty Publications, UNL Libraries, Web. 27 Aug. 2014. <[URL]>.
. 1968. “An Exhortation to All: To Use Utmost Endeavours to Obtain a Visit of the God of Hosts, for the Preservation of Religion, and the Church, Upon Earth: In a Sermon Preached Before His Excellency the Governour, the Honourable Council and Representatives of the Province of the Massachusetts-Bay in N.E. On May 26, 1714. Being the Anniversary Day of the Election of Councellors of the Said Province.” Printed by B. Green: sold by Samuel Gerrish, at his shop on the north side of the town-house, Boston, 1714. In A. Plumstead (ed.): The Wall and the Garden: Selected Massachusetts Election Sermons, 1670–1775, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
Edwards, Jonathan. 1741. “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. A Sermon Preached at Enfield, July 8th, 1741.” In Electronic Texts in American Studies, ed. by R. Smolinski, Paper 54. Lincoln: Libraries at University of Nebraska, Web. 23 July 2014. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Mather, Increase. 1676. “A Brief History of the War with the Indians in New England.” In Papers of Increase Mather: An Inventory, Harvard University Archives, Web. 22 July 2014. <[URL]>. Google Scholar
. “Renewal of Covenant the Great Duty Incumbent on or Distressed Churches a Sermon Concerning Renewing of Covenant with God in Christ Preached at Dorchester in New England the 21 Day of the 1 Month 1677 Being a Day of Humiliation There on that Occasion.” Printed by John Foster for Henry Phillips, and are to be sold at his shop in the west end of the Town-House in Boston, 1677. Evans Early American Imprint Collection, Web. 22 July 2014. <[URL]>.
. 1673. “The Day of Trouble Is Near. Two Sermons Wherein is Shewed, What Are the Signs of a Day of Trouble Being Near. And Particularly, What Reason There Is for New-England to Expect a Day of Trouble. Also What Is to Be Done, That We May Escape These Things Which Shall Come to Pass.” Evans Early American Imprint Collection, Web. 22 July 2014. <[URL]>.
Wigglesworth, Michael. 1662. “God’s Controversy with New-England.” In Electronic Texts in American Studies, ed. by R. Smolinski. Lincoln: Libraries at University of Nebraska, Paper 36, Web. 16 Aug. 2015. <[URL]>.Google Scholar
Winthrop, John. 1995. “A Model of Christian Charity.” In The Norton Anthology of American Literature (Shorter 4th ed.), ed. by N. Baym, 101–112. New York: Norton.Google Scholar