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Article published In:
Diachronica
Vol. 38:2 (2021) ► pp.151–188

The Tupí-Guaraní language family

A phylogenetic classification

ORCID logo | Universität Tübingen
| Universität Tübingen

Attempts to classify Tupí-Guaraní languages have so far been inconsistent with archaeological evidence and ignored information from historical sources. The case of Tupinambá is most illustrative in this regard. Using both Bayesian phylogenetic analysis and a stochastic algorithm that reconstructs phylogenetic trees by relying on maximum likelihood estimation, we suggest a new internal classification of the Tupí-Guaraní branch. The results of the analyses are in accordance with the most recent genetic research on Tupían populations and challenge previous classifications by suggesting, among others, that Tupinambá should not be considered a ‘Guaraní’ language.

Keywords: Tupí-Guaraní, Amazonian languages, phylogenetics, classification, South America, quantitative linguistics, language evolution, Tupinambá.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Materials and methods
    • 2.1Data and cognate assignment
    • 2.2NeighborNet network
    • 2.3Bayesian analyses
    • 2.4Maximum likelihood analysis
  • 3.Results
  • 4.Previous classifications
    • 4.1Sources of confusion
  • 5.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
Published online: 1 February 2021
DOI logo
https://doi.org/10.1075/dia.18032.fer
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