The ethics of intercultural dialogue
Reconciliation discourse in John Paul II’s pontifical correspondence
This chapter focuses on the discourse of peace-building and reconciliation in John Paul II’s correspondence to marginalized groups and communities worldwide. The letters, addressed to war victims, refugees and prisoners, aimed to draw public attention to ongoing problems of injustice, violence and imbalance in different life domains. It will be shown, with the help of the Transformative Approach to Conflict, how the actors in John Paul II’s dialogic endeavours perform their self-/other-transformation via qualitative remodellings of their social and personal identities. By decomposing agonistic discourse practices, the interactants run dialogic strategies of respect to, solidarity and involvement with the discriminated parties. The lived human reciprocity, complementarity and uniqueness that is thereby construed generates the real ‘ethical spirit’ of linguistic communication.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Intercultural dialogue as a discursive way of coming to terms with the ‘difficult past’
- 3.Research perspective and scope
- 4.The discourse of JPII’s reconciliation letters
- 4.1The discourse of empowerment in JPII’s reconciliation letters: E dimension
-
4.2The discourse of empowerment in JPII’s reconciliation letters: C dimension
- 4.3The discourse of empowerment in JPII’s reconciliation letters: R dimension
- 4.4The discourse of recognition in JPII’s reconciliation letters: The integration of the E-C-R dimensions of the human world
- 5.Conclusions
-
Notes
-
References
-
Appendix
References (96)
References
Abrantes, Ana Margarida. 2005. “Euphemism and co-operation in discourse”, in: Eric Grillo (ed.) Power without Domination. Dialogism and the Empowering Property of Communication. 85–103. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Accattoli, Luigi. 1997. Quando il Papa chiede perdono. Tutti i mea culpa di Giovanni Paolo II. Milano: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore SpA.
Arendt, Hannah. 1972. Crises of the Republic. San Diego/New York/London: A Harvest Book/Hartcourt Brace & Company.
Arendt, Hannah. 1998. The Human Condition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Arendt, Hannah. 2003. Responsibility and Judgment. New York: Schocken Books.
Arnett, Ronald C. 1986. Communication and Community. Implications of Martin Buber’s Dialogue. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press.
Arnett, Ronald C. and Pat Arneson. 1999. Dialogic Civility in a Cynical Age. Community, Hope, and Interpersonal Relationships. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Borowik, Bogdan. 2014. “Źródła i formy dialogu Jana Pawła II z judaizmem i islamem w świetle komentarzy publicystów Tygodnika Powszechnego” [Sources and forms of John Paul II’s dialogue with Judaism and Islam in the light of journalists’ comments from Tygodnik Powszechny
], in: Arkadiusz Dudziak and Agnieszka Żejmo (eds.) Jan Paweł II w komunikowaniu międzykulturowym. O sztuce dialogu z innym. [John Paul II in cross-cultural communication. On the Art of Dialogue with Another]. 295–323. Olsztyn: Vertum.
Borromeo, Agostino (ed.). 2003. L’inquisizione. Atti del Simposio internazionale. Città del Vaticano: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana.
Buber, Martin. 1937. I and Thou. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark.
Bush, Robert A. Baruch and Joseph P. Folger. 2005. The Promise of Mediation. The Transformative Approach to Conflict. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Casaroli, Agostino. 1987. “Stolica Apostolska i pokój” [The Holy See and peace], in: Katarzyna Cywińska, Tadeusz Konopka and Marian Radwan (eds.) Paweł VI, Jan Paweł II. Orędzia papieskie na Światowy Dzień Pokoju [Paul VI, John Paul II. Papal Messages on the International Peace Day]. 9–27. Lublin: KUL.
Chlebowski, Tomasz Jan. 2014. „Dialog z islamem jako wyzwanie komunikacji międzyreligijnej Jana Pawła II” [Dialogue with Islam as John Paul II’s challenge for cross-religious communication], in: Arkadiusz Dudziak and Agnieszka Żejmo (eds.) Jan Paweł II w komunikowaniu międzykulturowym. O sztuce dialogu z innym. [John Paul II in cross-cultural communication. On the Art of Dialogue with Another]. 84–103. Olsztyn: Vertum.
Chrostowski, Waldemar (ed.) 2005. Żydzi i judaizm w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II 1978–2005. [Jews and Judaism in John Paul II’ teaching]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Archidiecezji Warszawskiej.
Chrostowski, Waldemar and Ryszard Rubinkiewicz (eds.) 1990. Żydzi i judaizm w dokumentach Kościoła i nauczaniu Jana Pawła II (1965–1989). [Jews and Judaism in the Church Documents and John Paul II’ teaching]. Warsaw: ATK.
Cloke, Kenneth. 2001. Mediating Dangerously. The Frontiers of Conflict Resolution. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Dudziak, Arkadiusz and Agnieszka Żejmo (eds.) Jan Paweł II w komunikowaniu międzykulturowym. O sztuce dialogu z innym. [John Paul II in cross-cultural communication. On the Art of Dialogue with Another]. Olsztyn: Vertum.
Duffy, Maria. 2009. Paul Ricoeur’s Pedagogy of Pardon. A Narrative Theory of Memory and Forgetting. London: Continuum.
Fairclough, Norman. 2003. Analysing Discourse. Textual Analysis for Social Research. London and New York: Routledge.
Feder Kittay, Eva. 2014. “The completion of care – with implications for a duty to receive care graciously”, in: Ana Marta González and Craig Iffland (eds.) Care Professions and Globalization. Theoretical and Practical Perspectives. 33–42. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Freedman, E. 2007. “Protecting sacred sites on public land.” American Indian Quarterly 31: 1–22.
Gawkowska, Aneta. 2015. Skandal i ekstaza. Nowy feminizm na tle koncepcji pojednania według Jana Pawła II [Scandal and Extasy. New Feminizm against the Background of John Paul II’s Idea of Reconciliation]. Warsaw: Warsaw University Press.
Gmurzyńska, Ewa. 2009. “Rodzaje mediacji” [“Types of mediation”], in: Ewa Gmurzyńska and Rafał Morek (eds.) Mediacje. Teoria i praktyka [Mediations. Theory and Practice]. 109–125. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer.
Gold, Lois. 1993. “Influencing unconscious influences: The healing dimension of mediation”, Mediation Quarterly 11/1: 55–66.
Góra-Szopiński, Dariusz. 2009. “Ład międzynarodowy według Jana Pawła II” [International order according to John Paul II], in: Czesław Kustra (ed.) Wdzięczność i zobowiązanie. [Gratefulness and Commitment]. 83–92. Toruń: UMK Press.
Graf, Eva-Maria and Joanna Pawelczyk. 2014. “The interactional accomplishment of feelings-talk in psychotherapy and executive coaching: Same format, different functions?”, in: Eva-Maria Graff, Marlene Sator and Thomas Spranz-Fogassy (eds.) 2014. Discourses of Helping Professions. 59–89. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Greatbatch, David and Robert Dingwall. 1999. “Professional neutralism in family mediation”, in: Srikant Sarangi and Celia Roberts (eds.) Talk, Work and Institutional Order. Discourse in Medical, Mediation and Management Settings. 271–292. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Grillo, Eric. 2005a. “Foreword”, in: Eric Grillo (ed.) Power without Domination. Dialogism and the Empowering Property of Communication. vii–xvii. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Grillo, Eric. 2005b. “Two dogmas of discourse analysis”, in: Eric Grillo (ed.) Power without Domination. Dialogism and the Empowering Property of Communication. 3–41. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Grillo, Eric. 2005c. “Conclusion”, in: Eric Grillo (ed.) Power without Domination. Dialogism and the Empowering Property of Communication. 223–237. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1. Reason and the Rationalization of Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
Heer, Hannes. 2008. “‘That is what is so terrible – that millions of soldiers were there, yet today they all claim that never saw a thing’: War and the Nazi period, as recalled by visitors to the Wehrmacht exhibition in Vienna, 1995”, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 70–96. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Heer, Hannes et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ingarden, Roman. 2009. Książeczka o człowieku [A Book on Man]. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie.
Kampf, Zohar. 2013. “Mediated performatives”, in: Jef Verschueren et al. (eds.) Handbook of Pragmatics Online. Volume 17.
Kearney, Richard (ed.) Paul Ricoeur. The Hermeneutics of Action. London: Sage.
Kłoczowski, Jan Andrzej. 2005. Filozofia dialogu. [Philosophy of Dialogue]. Poznań: W. drodze.
Kohn, Jerome. 2003. “Introduction”, in: Hannah Arendt Responsibility and Judgment. vii–xxix. New York: Schocken Books.
Kovach, Kimberlee K. 2004. Mediation. Principles and Practice. St. Paul, MN: West.
Kulska, Joanna. 2014. “Jan Paweł II wobec ‘zderzenia cywilizacji’. Rola dialogu międzyreligijnego i międzykulturowego w procesie konstruowania postzimnowojennego ładu międzynarodowego” [John Paul II on ‘civilization crossing’. The role of interreligious and intercultural dialogue in the process of constructing post-Cold War international order], in: Arkadiusz Dudziak and Agnieszka Żejmo (eds.) Jan Paweł II w komunikowaniu międzykulturowym. O sztuce dialogu z innym. [John Paul II in cross-cultural communication. On the Art of Dialogue with Another]. 145–165. Olsztyn: Vertum.
LaFever, Marcella. 2008. “Communication for public decision-making in a negative historical context: Building intercultural relationships in the British Columbia treaty process”, Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 1/2: 158–180.
LaFever, Marcella. 2011. “Empowering Native Americans: Communication, planning, and dialogue for eco-tourism in Gallup, New Mexico”, Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 4/2: 127–145.
Loitfellner, Sabine. 2008. “‘The appalling toll in Austrian lives…’: The Wehrmacht and its soldiers in Austrian school books”, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 155–174. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Manoschek, Walter. 2008a. “The crimes of the Wehrmacht in the Second World War”, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 17–26. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Manoschek, Walter. 2008b. “The holocaust as recounted in Wehrmacht soldiers’ letters from the front”, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 27–49. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Manoschek, Walter. 2008c. “The attitudes and beliefs of Austrian soldiers in the German Wehrmacht 1938–1945”, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 50–69. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Martin, James R. 2002. “Blessed are the peacemakers: Reconciliation and evaluation.” Christopher N. Candlin (ed.) Research and Practice in Professional Discourse. 187–227. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.
Martin, James R. 2003. “Voicing the ‘other’: Reading and writing Indigenous Australians”, in: Gilbert Weiss and Ruth Wodak (eds.) Critical Discourse Analysis. Theory and Interdisciplinarity. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Martin, James R. 2004a. “Positive Discourse Analysis: Solidarity and change”, Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses 49: 179–200.
Martin, James R. 2004b. “Negotiating difference: Ideology and reconciliation. M. Pütz, J. N. van Aertselaer and T. A. van Dijk (eds.) Communicating Ideologies: Language, Discourse and Social Practice. 85–177. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
Martin, James R. and Maree Stenglin. 2006. “Materializing reconciliation: Negotiating difference in a transcolonial exhibition”, in: T. Royce and W. Bowcher (eds.) New Directions in the Analysis of Multimodal Discourse. 215–238. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Martin, James R. 2008: “Intermodal reconciliation: Mates in arms”, in: Len Unsworth (ed.) New Literacies and the English Curriculum: Multimodal Perspectives. London/New York: Continuum.
Martin, James R. and P. R. R. White. 2005. The Language of Evaluation. Appraisal in English. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Mejos, Edward A. 2007. “Against alienation: Karol Wojtyła’s Theory of Participation”, Kritikē 1/1: 71–85.
Miszewska, Anna. 2009. “Świadkowie przeszłości, inspiratorzy mądrości – Jan Paweł II o jesieni życia” [Wittnesses of the past, inspirers of wisdom – John Paul II on the autumn of life], in: Czesław Kustra (ed.) Wdzięczność i zobowiązanie. [Gratefulness and Commitment]. 225–231. Toruń: UMK Press.
Muntigl, Peter, Naomi Knight and Ashley Watkins. 2014. “Empathic practices in client-centred psychotherapies: Displaying understanding and affiliation with clients”, in Discourses of Helping Professions, ed. by Eva-Maria Graff, Marlene Sator and Thomas Spranz-Fogassy, 33–57. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Okulska, Urszula. 2011. “Discursive construction of the JPII Generation in letters of Polish children and teenagers to Pope John Paul II”, in Language, Culture and the Dynamics of Age, ed. by Anna Duszak and Urszula Okulska, 139–190. Berlin/New York: De Gruyter Mouton.
Okulska, Urszula. 2016. “Science and ethics in the knowledge society: A rhetorical perspective”, in Rhetoric, Discourse and Knowledge, ed. by Maria Załęska and Urszula Okulska, 71–99. Frankfurt am Mein: Peter Lang.
Okulska, Urszula. (forthcoming). Dialogue as Linguistic Peace-Building. Foundations of the Integrative Theory of Discourse. Frankfurt am Mein: Peter Lang.
Olechnowicz, Joanna. 2010. “Wpływ dyplomacji watykańskiej na pokojowe rozwiązanie konfliktu o Kanał Beagle między Argentyną a Chile” [The influence of the Vatican Diplomacy on the resolution of conflict over the Beagle Channel between Argentina and Chile], in: Robert Łoś and Jacek Reginii-Zacharski (eds.) Konflikty i spory międzynarodowe. [International Conflicts and Disputes]. 255–267. Łódź: WUŁ.
Pawelczyk, Joanna. 2011. Talk as Therapy. Psychotherapy in a Linguistic Perspective. Boston/Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Pollak, Alexander. 2008a. “The myth of the ‘untained Wehrmacht’: The structural elements of Wehrmacht’s mythology in the Austrian press since 1945”, in The Discursive Construction of History: Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation, ed. by Hannes Heer et al., 132–154. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Pollak, Alexander. 2008b. “All that remains of the Second World War: Stalingrad and Wehrmacht mythology in television documentaries”, in The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation, ed. by Hannes Heer et al., 175–204. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Rahder, B. L. 1999. “Victims no longer: Planning with a diversity of women at risk of abuse”, Journal of Planning Education and Research 18: 221–232.
Ricoeur, Paul. 1992a. Oneself as Another. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
Ricoeur, Paul. 1992b. Filozofia Osoby [Philosophy of Person]. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PAT.
Ricoeur, Paul. 1996. “Reflections on a new ethos for Europe”, in Paul Ricoeur. The Hermeneutics of Action, ed. by Richard Kearney, 3–13. London: Sage.
Rogers, Carl R. 1961. On Becoming a Person: A Therapist’s View of Psychotherapy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Rycielski, Piotr and Piotr O. Żylicz. 1997. „O roli facylitatora w rozwiązywaniu sporów w małych grupach” [On the role of a facilitator in conflict resolution in small groups”], in Konflikt i porozumienie. Psychologiczne podstawy demokracji deliberatywnej [Conflict and Settlement. Psychological Foundations of Deliberative Democracy], ed. by Janusz Reykowski, 77–92. Warszawa: Academica.
Schumacher, Michele M. (ed.) 2003. Femmes dans le Christ. Vers un nouveau féminisme. Toulouse: Éditions du Carmel.
Sharaby, Rachel. 2013. “Bridge between absorbing and absorber: Ethiopian mediators in the Isreali Public Service”, International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 5/1: 1–11.
Sandner, Günther and Walter Manoschek. 2008. „Defining the victims of nazism“, in: Hannes Heer et al. (eds.) 2008. The Discursive Construction of History. Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation. 99–131. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sowiński, Sławomir and Zenderowski Radosław. 2003. Europa drogą Kościoła. Jan Paweł II o Europie i europejskości [Europe as the Church’s Way. John Paul II on Europe and Europeanness]. Wrocław: Ossolineum.
Tanner, Deborah. 1998. The Argument Culture. Moving from Debate to Dialogue. New York: Random House.
Tischner, Józef. 1990. Filozofia dramatu. [Philosophy of Drama]. Paris: Éditions du Dialogue.
Tischner, Józef. 2005. Etyka solidarności [Ethics of Solidarity]. Kraków: Znak.
Tomaszewska, Magdalena. 2009. “Jan Paweł II i młodzi na Światowych Dniach Młodzieży, które trwają bez końca…” [John Paul II on the World Youth Day, which lasts forever…], in Wdzięczność i zobowiązanie. [Gratefulness and Commitment], ed. by Czesław Kustra, 257–266. Toruń: UMK Press.
Uhl, Heidemarie. 2008. “Interpreting the ‘War of Annihilation’”, in The Discursive Construction of History: Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation, ed. by Hannes Heer et al., 251–266. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Umbreit, Mark. 1997. “Humanistic mediation: A transformative journey of peacemaking”, Mediation Quarterly 14/3: 201–213.
Umbreit, Mark. 2006. Mediating Interpersonal Conflicts. A Pathway to Peace. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock Publishers.
Waszkiewicz, Paweł. 2009. “Zasady mediacji” [Principles of mediation”], in Mediacje. Teoria i praktyka [Mediations. Theory and Practice], ed. by Ewa Gmurzyńska and Rafał Morek, 91–105. Warszawa: Wolters Kluwer.
Węgrzecki, Adam. 2014: Wokół filozofii spotkania [Around Philosophy of Encounter]. Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM.
Winslade, John and Gerald Monk. 2000. Narrative Mediation. A New Approach to Conflict Resolution. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Winslade, John and Gerald Monk. 2008. Practicing Narrative Mediation. Loosening the Grip of Conflict. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Wodak, Ruth. 2008. “‘How history is made’ – The origins and aims of the project”, in The Discursive Construction of History: Remembering the Wehrmacht’s War of Annihilation, ed. by Hannes Heer et al., xii–xvi. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wojtyła, Karol, 1979. The Acting Person. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
Weigand, Edda
2021.
Dialogue.
Language and Dialogue 11:3
► pp. 457 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 27 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.