Article published In:
EUROSLA Yearbook: Volume 3 (2003)Edited by Susan H. Foster-Cohen and Simona Pekarek Doehler
[EUROSLA Yearbook 3] 2003
► pp. 103–129
Edited by Susan H. Foster-Cohen and Simona Pekarek Doehler
[EUROSLA Yearbook 3] 2003
► pp. 103–129
Long-term effects of an earlier start
An analysis of EFL written production
The aim of this paper is to analyse the development of the written production of six groups of learners (N=520) in a formal instruction setting and to investigate the effects of onset and age on the levels of attainment in writing performance. The written production was measured after 200, 416 and 726 hours of instruction. Both intragroup and intergroup analyses were carried out (a) to analyse the long-term effects of an earlier start in second language writing in a school setting, (b) to analyse the patterns of development between the four writing component measures depending on learners’ age, and (c) to test whether the relationships found between the measures in the four areas of writing differ depending on learners’ age group. This study concludes that (a) at the end of the instructional period Early Starters still have not surpassed Late Starters, (b) there seem to be two patterns of writing performance depending on learners’ age, and (c) the correlations found between the writing component indicators change depending on learners’ age group.
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Cited by 5 other publications
Huang, Becky H.
2016. A synthesis of empirical research on the linguistic outcomes of early foreign language instruction. International Journal of Multilingualism 13:3 ► pp. 257 ff. 
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2018. Analysis of syntactic complexity in secondary education EFL writers at different proficiency levels. Assessing Writing 35 ► pp. 1 ff.
Muñoz, Carmen
2011. Input and long-term effects of starting age in foreign language learning. IRAL - International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 49:2
Qureshi, Muhammad Asif
2016. A meta-analysis: Age and second language grammar acquisition. System 60 ► pp. 147 ff.
Qureshi, Muhammad Asif
2020. Age and knowledge of morphosyntax in english as an additional language: grammatical judgment and error correction
. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 58:1 ► pp. 29 ff.
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