This paper explores the linguistic and social factors behind the acquisition of glottal variation in English /t/ by native Polish speakers living in Manchester, UK. It investigates the speech of 40 Polish adults of varying levels of English language proficiency, who have been in Manchester for varying lengths of time, in order to establish what might be encouraging or prohibiting the acquisition of this widespread linguistic feature. Using quantitative sociolinguistic methods, factors such as level of English, length of residence, age, gender, motivation and attitude are considered in accounting for the variation in acquisition. Findings suggest that in addition to level of English and length of residence effects there is a fairly robust gender difference, with women tending to use glottal variants more frequently than men. This gender difference is explored in more detail with reference to a gender as practice type approach.
2022. The Acquisition of Quotatives and Quotative Be Like among Chinese L2 Speakers of English in Australia. Languages 7:2 ► pp. 123 ff.
Daleszynska-Slater, Agata & Miriam Meyerhoff
2020. voice of Polan[t]. Sociolinguistic Studies 14:1-2
Drummond, Rob
2012. Aspects of identity in a second language: ING variation in the speech of Polish migrants living in Manchester, UK. Language Variation and Change 24:1 ► pp. 107 ff.
Drummond, Rob
2013. The Manchester Polish STRUT. Journal of English Linguistics 41:1 ► pp. 65 ff.
Drummond, Rob
2018. Introduction. In Researching Urban Youth Language and Identity, ► pp. 1 ff.
Drummond, Rob
2018. The Changing Language of Urban Youth: A Pilot Study. In Sociolinguistics in England, ► pp. 67 ff.
Foulkes, Paul
2020. Phonological Variation. In The Handbook of English Linguistics, ► pp. 407 ff.
2021. Calibrate to innovate: Community age vectors and the real time incrementation of language change. Language in Society 50:3 ► pp. 441 ff.
Kasstan, Jonathan
2017. New speakers: Challenges and opportunities for variationist sociolinguistics. Language and Linguistics Compass 11:8 ► pp. e12249 ff.
Kirkham, Sam & Emma Moore
2016. Constructing social meaning in political discourse: Phonetic variation and verb processes in Ed Miliband's speeches. Language in Society 45:1 ► pp. 87 ff.
2014. What Can Ethnography Tell us about Sociolinguistic Variation over Time? Some Insights from Glasgow. In Sociolinguistics in Scotland, ► pp. 197 ff.
MacKenzie, Laurel
2020. Comparing Constraints on Contraction Using Bayesian Regression Modeling. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 3
Meyerhoff, Miriam & Erik Schleef
2014. Hitting an Edinburgh Target: Immigrant Adolescents’ Acquisition of Variation in Edinburgh English. In Sociolinguistics in Scotland, ► pp. 103 ff.
Nance, Claire, Wilson McLeod, Bernadette O'Rourke & Stuart Dunmore
2016. Identity, accent aim, and motivation in second language users: New Scottish Gaelic speakers’ use of phonetic variation. Journal of Sociolinguistics 20:2 ► pp. 164 ff.
Newlin-Łukowicz, Luiza
2015. Language Variation in the Diaspora: Polish Immigrant Communities in the U.S. and the U.K.. Language and Linguistics Compass 9:8 ► pp. 332 ff.
Schleef, Erik
2013. Glottal replacement of /t/ in two British capitals: Effects of word frequency and morphological compositionality. Language Variation and Change 25:2 ► pp. 201 ff.
2013. Reference Guide for Varieties of English. In A Dictionary of Varieties of English, ► pp. 363 ff.
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