In this paper we aim to contribute to both the synchronic and diachronic description of the grammar of South African English (SAfE) in its written register. In the handful of previous studies on the variety’s grammar (e.g. Bowerman 2004b) the traditional method of pointing out peculiarities has restricted its research potential to a great extent, whereas we now endeavour to move in the opposite direction of full description in the hope of creating a comparative platform with other Southern Hemisphere Englishes (SHEs). A historical corpus of written SAfE is used to trace the path of modality from the 19th to the late 20th century as preserved in letters, newspapers and fictional writing. The findings are, firstly, that modals decline only in the second half of the 20th century, after remaining relatively stable throughout the 19th and first half of the 20th century, and, secondly, that semi-modals do not increase in usage to the same extent as observed for other varieties of English. These patterns are attributed to a number of forces: trade-off relations between different modals to move away from excessive politeness to more direct forms, and developments within particular registers that favoured or disfavoured the use of specific modals.
2019. Does Editing Matter? Editorial Work, Endonormativity and Convergence in Written Englishes in South Africa. In English in Multilingual South Africa, ► pp. 101 ff.
Kotze, Haidee & Bertus van Rooy
2020. Democratisation in the South African parliamentary Hansard? A study of change in modal auxiliaries. Language Sciences 79 ► pp. 101264 ff.
2021. Linguistic democratization in HKE across registers: The effects of prescriptivism. Research in Corpus Linguistics 9:2 ► pp. 64 ff.
Noël, Dirk, Bertus van Rooy & Johan van der Auwera
2014. Diachronic Approaches to Modality in World Englishes. Journal of English Linguistics 42:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W.
2013. Investigating Historical Variation and Change in Written Documents. In The Handbook of Language Variation and Change, ► pp. 57 ff.
Schneider, Edgar W.
2019. South Africa in the Linguistic Modeling of World Englishes. In English in Multilingual South Africa, ► pp. 16 ff.
van Rooy, Bertus & Ronel Wasserman
2014. Do the Modals of Black and White South African English Converge?. Journal of English Linguistics 42:1 ► pp. 51 ff.
Wasserman, Ronel & Bertus van Rooy
2014. The Development of Modals of Obligation and Necessity in White South African English through Contact with Afrikaans. Journal of English Linguistics 42:1 ► pp. 31 ff.
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