Patterns of (inter)subjectivity
Asymmetries for Glaswegian peripheral but
The prevalent hypothesis in research on pragmatic markers suggests that the left periphery of an utterance attracts predominantly subjective meanings, whereas the right periphery is the locus of intersubjective meanings. The goal of this paper is to test this hypothesis for but as used in a dataset of spoken Glaswegian English, a variety in which but may occur in both left- and right-peripheral positions. Considering that but derives its discursive meaning not per se, but from its embeddedness in particularized contexts, the methodological framework integrates the notion of (inter)subjectivity with the interactional-sociolinguistic concept of contextualization cue to identify (inter)subjective patterned co-occurrences for but. A fine-grained analysis of the patterns but forms with subjective and intersubjective cues in its local linguistic context shows that discourse patterns of left-peripheral but tend to foreground subjective meanings, while discourse patterns of right-peripheral but tend to foreground more intersubjective meanings, supporting the hypothesis of peripheral asymmetry.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Peripheries and (inter)subjectivity
- 3.(Inter)subjective discourse patterns
- 4.PM but in Glaswegian English
- 5.(Inter)subjective patterns of Glaswegian but
- 5.1Procedure
- 5.2Results
- 5.3Discussion
- 6.Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
-
References
This article is currently available as a sample article.
References (69)
Aijmer, Karin
2013 Understanding pragmatic markers: A variational pragmatic approach. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Aitken, Adam J.
1979 Scottish speech: A historical view, with special reference to the Standard English of Scotland. In
Adam J. Aitken &
Tom McArthur (eds.),
Languages of Scotland, 85–118. Edinburgh: Chambers.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Altenberg, Bengt
1986 Contrastive linking in spoken and written English. In
Gunnel Tottie &
Ingegerd Bäcklund (eds.),
English in speech and writing: A symposium (
Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Anglistica Upsaliensia 60), 13–40. Uppsala: Academiae Ubsaliensis.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Ariel, Mira
2008 Pragmatics and grammar. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Barth-Weingarten, Dagmar & Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
Beeching, Kate
2009 Procatalepsis and the etymology of hedging and boosting particles. In
Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen &
Jacqueline Visconti (eds.),
Current trends in diachronic semantics and pragmatics, 81–105. Bingley: Emerald.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Beeching, Kate & Ulrich Detges
(eds.) 2014 Discourse functions at the left and right periphery: Crosslinguistic investigations of language use and language change. Brill: Leiden.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Benveniste, Émile
1966 Problèmes de linguistíque générale. Paris: Gallimard.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey Leech, Susan Conrad & Edward Finegan
1999 Longman grammar of spoken and written English. London: Longman.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Blakemore, Diane
1987 Semantic constraints on relevance. Oxford: Blackwell.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Brinton, Laurel J.
1996 Pragmatic markers in English: Grammaticalization and discourse functions. Berlin: Mouton.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Bybee, Joan L. & Suzanne Fleischmann
Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth & Sandra A. Thompson
2000 Concessive patterns in conversation. In
Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen &
Bernd Kortmann (eds.),
Cause, condition, concession, contrast: Cognitive and discourse perspectives, 381–410. Berlin: Mouton.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Degand, Liesbeth
2014
So very fast very fast then: Discourse markers at left and right periphery in spoken French. In
Kate Beeching &
Ulrich Detges (eds.), 151–178.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Degand, Liesbeth & Benjamin Fagard
Detges, Ulrich & Richard Waltereit
2011
Moi, je ne sais pas. Je ne sais pas, moi: French tonic pronouns in the left vs. right periphery. Paper presented at IPra, Manchester. (July, 2011.)
Dik, Simon
1997 The Theory of Functional Grammar, 21 vols.. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
El Zarka, Dina
2013 Egyptian Arabic independent pronouns in the left and right periphery: Reference point and repair constructions with subjective and intersubjective meanings. Paper presented at IPra, New Delhi. (September, 2013.)
Fischer, Kerstin & Maria Alm
2013 A radical construction grammar perspective on the modal particle-discourse particle distinction. In
Liesbeth Degand,
Bert Cornillie &
Paola Pietrandrea (eds.), Discourse markers and modal particles: categorization and description, 47–88. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Fritz, Clemens W. A.
2007 From English in Australia to Australian English: 1788–1900. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Goldberg, Adele E.
1995 Constructions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gumperz, John J.
1982 Discourse strategies. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Gumperz, John J.
1992 Contextualization and understanding. In
Alessandro Duranti &
Charles Goodwin (eds.),
Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon, 229–252. Cambridge: CUP.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Hansen, Maj-Britt Moosegard
Hansen, Maj-Britt Moosegard
Haselow, Alexander
2012 Subjectivity, intersubjectivity and the negotiation of common ground in spoken discourse: Final particles in English.
Language and Communication 32(3). 182–204.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Haselow, Alexander
2013 Arguing for a wide conception of grammar: The case of final particles in spoken discourse.
Folia Linguistica 47(2). 375–424.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Izutsu, Mitsuko N. & Katsunobu Izutsu
Jucker, Andreas H. & Yael Ziv
1998 Introduction. In
Andreas H. Jucker &
Jael Ziv (eds.),
Discourse markers: Descriptions and theory, 1–12. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kaltenböck, Gunther
2009 English comment clauses: Position, prosody, and scope.
Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik 34(1). 49–75.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Kaltenböck, Gunther, Bernd Heine & Tanja Kuteva
Koivisto, Aino
2012 Discourse patterns for turn-final conjunctions.
Journal of Pragmatics 44(10). 1254–1272.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Krug, Manfred G.
2015 Maltese English. In
Edgar Schneider,
Daniel Schreier,
Peter Trudgill &
Jeffrey P. Williams (eds.),
Further studies in the lesser-known varieties of English, 11–50. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lenk, Uta
1998 Discourse markers and global coherence in conversation.
Journal of Pragmatics 30(2). 245–257.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
López-Couso, María José
2010 Subjectification and intersubjectification. In
Andreas H. Jucker &
Irma Taavitsainen (eds.),
Historical pragmatics, 127–164. Berlin: Mouton.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Lyons, John
1977 Semantics. Cambridge: CUP.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Martin, James R. & Peter R. R. White
2005 The language of evaluation: Appraisal in English. London: Macmillan.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Moore, Bruce
2008 Speaking our language: The story of Australian English. South Melbourne, Vic.: OUP.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Mulder, Jean & Sandra A. Thompson
2006 The grammaticization of but as a final particle in English conversation. In
Keith Allen (ed.),
Selected Papers from the 2005 Conference of the Australian Linguistic Society.
[URL].
Mulder, Jean & Sandra A. Thompson
Mulder, Jean, Sandra A. Thompson & Cara Penry Williams
Narrog, Heiko
2012 Modality, subjectivity, and semantic change: A cross-linguistic perspective. Oxford: OUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Norrick, Neal R.
2001 Discourse markers in oral narrative.
Journal of Pragmatics 33(6). 849–878.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Norrick, Neal R.
2009 Conjunctions in final position in everyday talk. In
Bruce Fraser,
Ken Turner &
Jacob Mey (eds.),
Language in life and a life in language: Jacob Mey – a festschrift, 319–328. Bingley: Emerald.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Nuyts, Jan
2001 Subjectivity as an evidential dimension in epistemic modal expressions.
Journal of Pragmatics 33(3). 383–400.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Palmer, John F.
2001 Mood and modality, 2nd edn. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Pichler, Heike
2013a Discourse function and clause periphery, innit?
Paper presented at IPra, New Delhi. (September, 2013.)
Polanyi, Livia & Remko Scha
1983 On the recursive structure of discourse. In
Konrad Ehlich &
Henk van Riemsdijk (eds.),
On connectedness in sentence, discourse and text: Proceedings of the Tilburg conference held on 25 and 26 January 1982, 141–178. Tilburg: Tilburg University.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Quirk, Randolph, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech & Ian Svartvik
1985 A comprehensive grammar of the English language. London: Longman.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Schiffrin, Deborah
1987 Discourse markers. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Stuart-Smith, Jane
2011–2014 Fine phonetic variation and sound change: A real-time study of Glaswegian.
Research grant RPG-142 funded by the Leverhulme Trust.
[URL].
Tottie, Gunnel & Sebastian Hoffmann
2006 Tag questions in British and American English.
Journal of English Linguistics 34(4). 283–311.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs
2003 From subjectification to intersubjectification. In
Raymond Hickey (ed.),
Motives for language change, 124–142. Cambridge: CUP.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs
2010 (Inter)subjectivity and (inter)subjectification: A reassessment. In
Kristin Davidse,
Lieven Vandelanotte &
Hubert Cuyckens (eds.),
Subjectification, intersubjectification and grammaticalization, 29–74. Berlin: Mouton.
![DOI logo](https://benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs & Richard B. Dasher
2002 Regularity in semantic change. Cambridge: CUP.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Trudgill, Peter
1986 Dialects in contact. Oxford: Blackwell.
![Google Scholar](https://benjamins.com/logos/google-scholar.svg)
Van der Wouden, Ton & Ad Foolen
2011 Dutch particles in the right periphery.
[URL]. (
April 16 2013.)
Cited by (2)
Cited by 2 other publications
Izutsu, Mitsuko Narita & Katsunobu Izutsu
2022.
American and Irish English speakers’ perceptions of the final particles so and but.
World Englishes 41:2
► pp. 207 ff.
![DOI logo](//benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
Cuenca, Maria Josep
2020.
Defective Connective Constructions: Some Cases in Catalan and Spanish.
Corpus Pragmatics 4:4
► pp. 423 ff.
![DOI logo](//benjamins.com/logos/doi-logo.svg)
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 2 july 2024. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.