Article published In:
FORUMVol. 5:2 (2007) ► pp.79–99
Directionality in Translation and Interpreting Practice
Report on a questionnaire survey in Croatia
La “directionnalité” indique si la traduction (ou l’interprétation) est effectuée depuis ou vers la première langue (L1). Selon les vues traditionnelles, prescriptives, le travail effectué vers la deuxième langue (L2) est considéré comme inférieur et les traducteurs sont encouragés à ne travailler que vers leur L1. Cependant la traduction vers la L2 est une pratique courante dans de nombreux pays du monde, particulièrement ceux où sont utilisées des “langues de diffusion limitée”. Une étude empirique a été conçue pour examiner les prises de position prescriptives qui s’opposent à la traduction vers la L2, en décrivant les pratiques de traduction et d'interprétation dans un pays qui utilise une langue de diffusion limitée. Un questionnaire a été envoyé à des traducteurs et à des interprètes en Croatie, qui ont été interrogés sur leur pratique professionnelle et leurs attitudes envers la directionnalité. Les résultats montrent que la traduction vers la L2 est une pratique régulière pour plus de 70% des traducteurs/interprètes travaillant à temps complet en Croatie. Un tiers des répondants préfèrent traduire vers leur L2 et ils sont presque aussi nombreux à juger que cette direction est plus facile que l’autre. De plus, 45% obtiennent des tarifs supérieurs en traduisant vers leur L2. Les réponses révèlent toutefois que certaines des opinions traditionnelles sur la directionnalité sont toujours d’actualité.
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